KJV: And labour, working with our own hands: being reviled, we bless; being persecuted, we suffer it:
YLT: and labour, working with our own hands; being reviled, we bless; being persecuted, we suffer;
Darby: and labour, working with our own hands. Railed at, we bless; persecuted, we suffer it;
ASV: and we toil, working with our own hands: being reviled, we bless; being persecuted, we endure;
κοπιῶμεν | we toil |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 1st Person Plural Root: κοπιάω Sense: to grow weary, tired, exhausted (with toil or burdens or grief). |
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ἐργαζόμενοι | working |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ἐργάζομαι Sense: to work, labour, do work. |
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ταῖς | with [our] |
Parse: Article, Dative Feminine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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ἰδίαις | own |
Parse: Adjective, Dative Feminine Plural Root: ἴδιος Sense: pertaining to one’s self, one’s own, belonging to one’s self. |
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χερσίν | hands |
Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Plural Root: χείρ Sense: by the help or agency of any one, by means of any one. |
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λοιδορούμενοι | Being reviled |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: λοιδορέω Sense: to reproach, rail at, revile, heap abuse upon. |
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εὐλογοῦμεν | we bless |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 1st Person Plural Root: εὐλογέω Sense: to praise, celebrate with praises. |
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διωκόμενοι | being persecuted |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: διώκω Sense: to make to run or flee, put to flight, drive away. |
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ἀνεχόμεθα | we endure |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 1st Person Plural Root: ἀνέχομαι Sense: to hold up. |
Greek Commentary for 1 Corinthians 4:12
Common late verb for weariness in toil (Luke 5:5), working with our own hands “Greeks despised manual labour; St. Paul glories in it” (Robertson and Plummer). Cf. Deissmann, Light, etc., p. 317. [source]
Almost the language of Peter about Jesus (1 Peter 2:23) in harmony with the words of Jesus in Matthew 5:44; Luke 6:27. Being persecuted we endure (διωκομενοι ανεχομετα diōkomenoi anechometha). We hold back and do not retaliate. Turn to Paul‘s other picture of his experiences in the vivid contrasts in 2 Corinthians 4:7-10; 2 Corinthians 6:3-10 for an interpretation of his language here. [source]
We hold back and do not retaliate. Turn to Paul‘s other picture of his experiences in the vivid contrasts in 2 Corinthians 4:7-10; 2 Corinthians 6:3-10 for an interpretation of his language here. [source]
Rev., toil. Unto weariness. See on Luke 5:5. [source]
See on Acts 23:4. [source]
See on blessed, John 12:13. [source]
Lit., we hold or bear up. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 1 Corinthians 4:12
The verb means to reproach or scold in a loud and abusive manner. Calvin, on 1 Corinthians 4:12, “being reviled we bless,” remarks: “ Λοιδορία is a harsher railing, which not only rebukes a man, but also sharply bites him, and stamps him with open contumely. Hence λοιδορεῖν is to wound a man as with an accursed sting.” [source]
First aorist active indicative of λοιδορεω loidoreō old verb from λοιδορος loidoros (reviler, 1 Corinthians 5:11), in N.T. only here, Acts 23:4; 1 Corinthians 4:12; 1 Peter 2:23. Thou art his disciple Probably a fling in εκεινου ekeinou (of that fellow). He had called him a prophet (John 9:17) and became a joyful follower later (John 9:36-38). But we are disciples of Moses This they said with proud scorn of the healed beggar. All orthodox rabbis so claimed. [source]
Present active imperative of μνημονευω mnēmoneuō old verb from μνημων mnēmōn in John again in John 16:4, John 16:21. See John 13:16 for this word. If they persecuted me Condition of first class. They certainly did persecute (first aorist active of διωκω diōkō to chase like a wild beast like the Latin persequor, our “persecute”) Jesus (John 5:16). They will persecute those like Jesus. Cf. John 16:33; Mark 10:30; Luke 21:12; 1 Corinthians 4:12; 2 Corinthians 4:9; Galatians 4:29; 2 Timothy 3:12 for proof that this prophecy came true. But the alternative is true and is stated by Jesus with a like condition of the first class, “if they kept my word” The world does praise the word of Jesus, but dreads to follow it. [source]
Paul was not above manual labour. He pointed to his hands with pride as proof that he toiled at his trade of tent-making as at Thessalonica and Corinth for his own needs Ministered (υπηρετησαν hupēretēsan). First aorist active of υπηρετεω hupēreteō to act as under rower, old verb, but in the N.T. only in Acts 13:36; Acts 20:34; Acts 24:23. While in Ephesus Paul wrote to Corinth: “We toil, working with our own hands” (1 Corinthians 4:12). “As he held them up, they saw a tongue of truth in every seam that marked them” (Furneaux). [source]
First aorist active of υπηρετεω hupēreteō to act as under rower, old verb, but in the N.T. only in Acts 13:36; Acts 20:34; Acts 24:23. While in Ephesus Paul wrote to Corinth: “We toil, working with our own hands” (1 Corinthians 4:12). “As he held them up, they saw a tongue of truth in every seam that marked them” (Furneaux). [source]
Condition of the third class, a supposable case. Or a reviler or a drunkard (η λοιδορος η μετυσος ē loidoros ē methusos). Λοιδορος Loidoros occurs in Euripides as an adjective and in later writings. In N.T. only here and 1 Corinthians 6:10. For the verb see note on 1 Corinthians 4:12. Μετυσος Methusos is an old Greek word for women and even men (cf. παροινος paroinos of men, 1 Timothy 3:3). In N.T. only here and 1 Corinthians 6:10. Cf. Romans 13:13. Deissmann (Light from the Ancient East, p. 316) gives a list of virtues and vices on counters for Roman games that correspond remarkably with Paul‘s list of vices here and in 1 Corinthians 6:10. Chrysostom noted that people in his day complained of the bad company given by Paul for revilers and drunkards as being men with more “respectable” vices! With such a one, no, not to eat Associative instrumental case of τοιουτωι toioutōi after συνεστιειν sunesthiein “not even to eat with such a one.” Social contacts with such “a brother” are forbidden [source]
Λοιδορος Loidoros occurs in Euripides as an adjective and in later writings. In N.T. only here and 1 Corinthians 6:10. For the verb see note on 1 Corinthians 4:12. Μετυσος Methusos is an old Greek word for women and even men (cf. παροινος paroinos of men, 1 Timothy 3:3). In N.T. only here and 1 Corinthians 6:10. Cf. Romans 13:13. Deissmann (Light from the Ancient East, p. 316) gives a list of virtues and vices on counters for Roman games that correspond remarkably with Paul‘s list of vices here and in 1 Corinthians 6:10. Chrysostom noted that people in his day complained of the bad company given by Paul for revilers and drunkards as being men with more “respectable” vices! [source]
By η ē (or) Paul puts the other side about Barnabas (the only allusion since the dispute in Acts 15:39, but in good spirit) and himself. Perhaps (Hofmann) Paul has in mind the fact that in the first great mission tour (Acts 13; 14), Barnabas and Paul received no help from the church in Antioch, but were left to work their way along at their own charges. It was not till the Philippian Church took hold that Paul had financial aid (Philemon 4:15). Here both negatives have their full force. Literally, Do we not have (ουκ εχομεν ouk echomen expecting the affirmative reply) the right not (μη mē negative of the infinitive εργαζεσται ergazesthai) to do manual labour (usual meaning of εργαζομαι ergazomai as in 1 Corinthians 4:12)?” There was no more compulsion on Paul and Barnabas to support themselves than upon the other workers for Christ. They renounced no rights in being voluntarily independent. [source]
Lit. in the interest of reviling. Const. with give on occasion. Λοιδορία revilingonly here and 1 Peter 3:9. For the verb λοιδορεῖν to revile see John 9:28; Acts 23:4; 1 Corinthians 4:12; and note on John 9:28. [source]