The Meaning of 1 Samuel 14:27 Explained

1 Samuel 14:27

KJV: But Jonathan heard not when his father charged the people with the oath: wherefore he put forth the end of the rod that was in his hand, and dipped it in an honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his eyes were enlightened.

YLT: And Jonathan hath not heard of his father's adjuring the people, and putteth forth the end of the rod, which is in his hand, and dippeth it in the honeycomb, and bringeth back his hand unto his mouth -- and his eyes see!

Darby: But Jonathan had not heard when his father adjured the people; and he put forth the end of his staff which was in his hand, and dipped it in the honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth, and his eyes became bright.

ASV: But Jonathan heard not when his father charged the people with the oath: wherefore he put forth the end of the rod that was in his hand, and dipped it in the honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his eyes were enlightened.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

But Jonathan  heard  not when his father  charged  the people  with the oath:  wherefore he put forth  the end  of the rod  that [was] in his hand,  and dipped  it in an honeycomb,  and put  his hand  to his mouth;  and his eyes  were enlightened. 

What does 1 Samuel 14:27 Mean?

Context Summary

1 Samuel 14:16-35 - Victory Shadowed By Saul's Errors
Saul's unwise prohibition had a terrible sequel: first, in the exhaustion of his troops; and, second, in the rushing of the hungry upon the spoil without the proper separation of blood. Then, as the day closed in, the divine oracle was dumb. Evidently some sin had interposed its dark shadow between the king and the Eternal Light. See 1 Samuel 14:37. Saul knew this, but he refused to look for the sin in his own heart, even when he and Jonathan stood alone. See 1 Samuel 14:42.
The cause of the discomfiture and silence was not in Jonathan. Saul was alone to blame. In that the good sense of the people decided rigidly. Not only had the king marred and missed the greatest opportunity of his life, but he was already enwrapping his soul in that jealousy, moroseness of temper and impetuosity of judgment which ruined his after-career. In Paul's expressive phrase, he became a castaway, and was flung from the mighty hand which longed to make Him a vessel unto honor, meet for every noble work. See 1 Corinthians 9:27; 2 Timothy 2:21. [source]

Chapter Summary: 1 Samuel 14

1  Jonathan goes and miraculously smites the Philistine's garrison
15  A divine terror makes them beat themselves
17  Saul, not staying the priest's answer, sets on them
21  The captivated Hebrews, and the hidden Israelites, join against them
24  Saul's unadvised adjuration hinders the victory
31  He restrains the people from eating blood
35  He builds an altar
37  Jonathan, taken by lot, is save by the people
47  Saul's victories, strength, and family

What do the individual words in 1 Samuel 14:27 mean?

But Jonathan not had heard charge with the oath his father - the people therefore he stretched out the end of the rod that [was] in his hand and dipped it in a honeycomb and put his hand to his mouth - and brightened his countenance
וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן לֹֽא־ שָׁמַ֗ע בְּהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ אָבִיו֮ אֶת־ הָעָם֒ וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח קְצֵ֤ה הַמַּטֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיָד֔וֹ וַיִּטְבֹּ֥ל אוֹתָ֖הּ בְּיַעְרַ֣ת הַדְּבָ֑שׁ וַיָּ֤שֶׁב יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־ פִּ֔יו [ותראנה] (וַתָּאֹ֖רְנָה) עֵינָֽיו

וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן  But  Jonathan 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: יׄונָתָן  
Sense: a son of king Saul and a friend of David.
שָׁמַ֗ע  had  heard 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁמַע 
Sense: to hear, listen to, obey.
בְּהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ  charge  with  the  oath 
Parse: Preposition-b, Verb, Hifil, Infinitive construct
Root: שָׁבַע  
Sense: to swear, adjure.
אָבִיו֮  his  father 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: אָב  
Sense: father of an individual.
אֶת־  - 
Parse: Direct object marker
Root: אֹות 
Sense: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative.
הָעָם֒  the  people 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: עַם 
Sense: nation, people.
וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח  therefore  he  stretched  out 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁלַח  
Sense: to send, send away, let go, stretch out.
קְצֵ֤ה  the  end 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: קָצֶה 
Sense: end, extremity.
הַמַּטֶּה֙  of  the  rod 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: מַטֶּה  
Sense: staff, branch, tribe.
אֲשֶׁ֣ר  that  [was] 
Parse: Pronoun, relative
Root: אֲשֶׁר 
Sense: (relative part.).
בְּיָד֔וֹ  in  his  hand 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, feminine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: יָד  
Sense: hand.
וַיִּטְבֹּ֥ל  and  dipped 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: טָבַל  
Sense: to dip, dip into, plunge.
הַדְּבָ֑שׁ  a  honeycomb 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: דְּבַשׁ  
Sense: honey.
וַיָּ֤שֶׁב  and  put 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Hifil, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שׁוּב  
Sense: to return, turn back.
יָדוֹ֙  his  hand 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: יָד  
Sense: hand.
פִּ֔יו  his  mouth 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: פֶּה  
Sense: mouth.
[ותראנה]  - 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person feminine plural
(וַתָּאֹ֖רְנָה)  and  brightened 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person feminine plural
Root: רָאָה 
Sense: to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider.
עֵינָֽיו  his  countenance 
Parse: Noun, cdc, third person masculine singular
Root: עֹונָה 
Sense: eye.

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