The Meaning of 2 Corinthians 13:11 Explained

2 Corinthians 13:11

KJV: Finally, brethren, farewell. Be perfect, be of good comfort, be of one mind, live in peace; and the God of love and peace shall be with you.

YLT: Henceforth, brethren, rejoice; be made perfect, be comforted, be of the same mind, be at peace, and the God of the love and peace shall be with you;

Darby: For the rest, brethren, rejoice; be perfected; be encouraged; be of one mind; be at peace; and the God of love and peace shall be with you.

ASV: Finally, brethren, farewell. Be perfected; be comforted; be of the same mind; live in peace: and the God of love and peace shall be with you.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

Finally,  brethren,  farewell.  Be perfect,  be of good comfort,  be of one  mind,  live in peace;  and  the God  of love  and  peace  shall be  with  you. 

What does 2 Corinthians 13:11 Mean?

Study Notes

perfect
Perfected. Cf.
The word implies full development, growth into maturity of godliness, not sinless perfection. Ephesians 4:12 ; Ephesians 4:13 . In this passage the Father's kindness, not His sinlessness, is the point in question. Luke 6:35 ; Luke 6:36

Verse Meaning

Obedience to five commands would result in one condition that Paul wanted his readers to express in a particular practice.
First, they were to rejoice, probably because they had the opportunity to judge themselves before God would judge them (cf. 1 Corinthians 11:31). What is more important, they could and should rejoice in the Lord. Second, they were to mend their ways (RSV) and thus experience completion or restoration, as God would bring them to maturity (cf. 2 Corinthians 13:9). They needed to break permanently with all idolatry ( 2 Corinthians 6:14 to 2 Corinthians 7:1), to complete their collection (chs8-9), and to change their attitude toward Paul (chs10-13).
Third, they were to accept Paul"s exhortation that would result in their comfort (cf. 2 Corinthians 1:3-10). Fourth, they were to foster a united outlook by putting first things first (cf. 2 Corinthians 13:8). Specifically they needed to unite in their attitude to Paul and his authority. Fifth, they were to live at peace with one another and with Paul.
These conditions being met the God who manifests love and peace as the fruit of His Spirit would remain in fellowship with them. They should emulate God and cultivate love and peace toward one another and toward the apostle.
"It is not by sitting with folded hands that we enter into the blessings of God, but by actively and purposefully promoting those dispositions which are in accordance with God"s will for His people: rejoicing, harmony, unity in the truth, living together in peace. It is true that we look to God alone to supply the grace for their achievement; but it is the actual daily practice of love and peace that ensures, from the human side, the realization of the promise that the God of love and peace will be with us." [1]

Context Summary

2 Corinthians 13:7-14 - How To Be Built Up
None can really injure the truth or stop its victorious progress. As well try to stop the sunrise. We often help others most in our weakness, because then we rely most on the Spirit of God. It is the noblest end of life to build up others through our own expenditure, even to the draining of our strength and resources. The world is apt at destruction; and indeed not much art is required for pulling down. But the divine work is to build; we have God's authority for that.
The valedictory address is very touching. Be perfected, 2 Corinthians 13:11, r.v., is really "be adjusted," "properly jointed," "articulated." God desires to set us as a skilful surgeon sets a dislocated limb. Let Him do it; let the Comforter comfort; let love and peace enter with the Holy Dove; and see that the inner atmosphere does not hinder the gracious healing work of the Spirit of God.
Note the threefold benediction, which maintains the doctrine of the Trinity, 2 Corinthians 13:14. The love of the Father is the fountain of all; the grace of the Lord Jesus is the channel for all; while the communion of the Holy Spirit brings us into partnership with the aims and resources of God. The salutation of the saints and the divine benediction are the worthy close of this noble letter [source]

Chapter Summary: 2 Corinthians 13

1  Paul threatens severity, and the power of his apostleship, against obstinate sinners
5  And, advising them to a trial of their faith,
7  and to a reformation of their sins before his coming,
11  he concludes his epistle with a general exhortation and a prayer

Greek Commentary for 2 Corinthians 13:11

Finally [λοιπόν]
Lit., as for the rest. Sometimes rendered now, as Matthew 26:45. “Sleep on now,” for the time that remains. Besides, as 1 Corinthians 1:16. It remaineth, 1 Corinthians 7:29. Henceforth, 2 Timothy 4:8; Hebrews 10:13. Often as here, finally. In every case the idea of something left over is at the bottom of the translation. [source]
Farewell [χαίρετε]
In the classics used both at meeting and at parting. Lit., hail! See on James 1:1. Rev., in margin, has rejoice. It is somewhat doubtful whether it ever has the meaning farewell in the New Testament. Edersheim says that, on Sabbaths, when the outgoing course of priests left the temple, they parted from each other with a farewell, reminding us of this to the Corinthians: “He that has caused His name to dwell in this house cause love, brotherhood, peace, and friendship to dwell among you” (“The Temple,” p. 117). [source]
Be perfect [καταρτίζεσθε]
Rev., be perfected. See on Luke 6:40; see on 1 Peter 5:10. Paul speaks both of individual perfection and of the perfection of the Church through the right adjustment of all its members in Christ. Compare 1 Corinthians 1:10. The verb is kindred with perfecting, 2 Corinthians 13:9. [source]

Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 2 Corinthians 13:11

Romans 12:18 As much as in you lieth [το εχ υμων]
Accusative of general reference, “so far as what proceeds from you” (“the from you part”). See το κατ εμε — to kat' eme in Romans 1:15. This phrase explains “if it be possible” “All your part is to be peace” (Alford). For “be at peace” (ειρηνευοντες — eirēneuontes) see 2 Corinthians 13:11. [source]
Romans 15:33 The God of peace [ο τεος της ειρηνης]
One of the characteristics of God that Paul often mentions in benedictions (1 Thessalonians 5:23; 2 Thessalonians 3:16; 2 Corinthians 13:11; Philemon 4:9; Romans 16:20). Because of the “amen” here some scholars would make this the close of the Epistle and make chapter 16 a separate Epistle to the Ephesians. But the MSS. are against it. There is nothing strange at all in Paul‘s having so many friends in Rome though he had not yet been there himself. Rome was the centre of the world‘s life as Paul realized (Romans 1:15). All men sooner or later hoped to see Rome. [source]
Romans 9:22 His power [το δυνατον αυτου]
Neuter singular of the verbal adjective rather than the substantive δυναμιν — dunamin Endured (ηνεγκεν — ēnegken). Constative second aorist active indicative of the old defective verb περω — pherō to bear. Vessels of wrath The words occur in Jeremiah 50:25 (lxx Jer 27:25), but not in the sense here (objective genitive like τεκνα οργης — tekna orgēs Ephesians 2:3, the objects of God‘s wrath). Fitted (κατηρτισμενα — katērtismena). Perfect passive participle of καταρτιζω — katartizō old verb to equip (see note on Matthew 4:21 and see 2 Corinthians 13:11), state of readiness. Paul does not say here that God did it or that they did it. That they are responsible may be seen from 1 Thessalonians 2:15. Unto destruction Endless perdition (Matthew 7:13; 2 Thessalonians 2:3; Philemon 3:19), not annihilation. [source]
Romans 9:22 Vessels of wrath [σκευη οργης]
The words occur in Jeremiah 50:25 (lxx Jer 27:25), but not in the sense here (objective genitive like τεκνα οργης — tekna orgēs Ephesians 2:3, the objects of God‘s wrath). Fitted (κατηρτισμενα — katērtismena). Perfect passive participle of καταρτιζω — katartizō old verb to equip (see note on Matthew 4:21 and see 2 Corinthians 13:11), state of readiness. Paul does not say here that God did it or that they did it. That they are responsible may be seen from 1 Thessalonians 2:15. Unto destruction Endless perdition (Matthew 7:13; 2 Thessalonians 2:3; Philemon 3:19), not annihilation. [source]
Romans 9:22 Fitted [κατηρτισμενα]
Perfect passive participle of καταρτιζω — katartizō old verb to equip (see note on Matthew 4:21 and see 2 Corinthians 13:11), state of readiness. Paul does not say here that God did it or that they did it. That they are responsible may be seen from 1 Thessalonians 2:15. [source]
1 Corinthians 1:10 Through the name [δια του ονοματος]
Genitive, not accusative (cause or reason), as the medium or instrument of the appeal (2 Corinthians 10:1; Romans 12:1; Romans 15:30). That (ινα — hina). Purport (sub-final) rather than direct purpose, common idiom in Koiné{[28928]}š (Robertson, Grammar, pp.991-4) like Matthew 14:36. Used here with λεγητε ηι ητε κατηρτισμενοι — legēteλεγητε παντες — ēiμη ηι εν υμιν σχισματα — ēte katērtismenoi though expressed only once. All speak Present active subjunctive, that ye all keep on speaking. With the divisions in mind. An idiom from Greek political life (Lightfoot). This touch of the classical writers argues for Paul‘s acquaintance with Greek culture. There be no divisions among you (σχιζω — mē ēi en humin schismata). Present subjunctive, that divisions may not continue to be (they already had them). Negative statement of preceding idea. αιρεσεις — Schisma is from στασις — schizō old word to split or rend, and so means a rent (Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21). Papyri use it for a splinter of wood and for ploughing. Here we have the earliest instance of its use in a moral sense of division, dissension, see also 1 Corinthians 11:18 where a less complete change than ητε δε κατηρτισμενοι — haireseis 1 Corinthians 12:25; John 7:43 (discord); John 9:16; John 10:19. “Here, faction, for which the classical word is νοι — stasis division within the Christian community” (Vincent). These divisions were over the preachers (1:12-4:21), immorality (1 Corinthians 5:1-13), going to law before the heathen (1 Corinthians 6:1-11), marriage (7:1-40), meats offered to idols (1 Corinthians 8-10), conduct of women in church (11:1-16), the Lord‘s Supper (11:17-34), spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12-14), the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15). But that ye be perfected together Periphrastic perfect passive subjunctive. See this verb in Matthew 4:21 (Mark 1:19) for mending torn nets and in moral sense already in 1 Thessalonians 3:10. Galen uses it for a surgeon‘s mending a joint and Herodotus for composing factions. See 2 Corinthians 13:11; Galatians 6:1. Mind (νους — noi), judgment (γνωμη — gnōmēi). “Of these words νους — nous denotes the frame or state of mind, gnōmē the judgment, opinion or sentiment, which is the outcome of nous ” (Lightfoot). [source]
1 Corinthians 1:10 But that ye be perfected together [γνωμηι]
Periphrastic perfect passive subjunctive. See this verb in Matthew 4:21 (Mark 1:19) for mending torn nets and in moral sense already in 1 Thessalonians 3:10. Galen uses it for a surgeon‘s mending a joint and Herodotus for composing factions. See 2 Corinthians 13:11; Galatians 6:1. Mind (νους — noi), judgment (γνωμη — gnōmēi). “Of these words νους — nous denotes the frame or state of mind, gnōmē the judgment, opinion or sentiment, which is the outcome of nous ” (Lightfoot). [source]
1 Corinthians 1:16 Besides [λοιπον]
Accusative of general reference, “as for anything else.” Added to make clear that he is not meaning to omit any one who deserves mention. See also 1 Thessalonians 4:1; 1 Corinthians 4:2; 2 Corinthians 13:11; 2 Timothy 4:8. Ellicott insists on a sharp distinction from το λοιπον — to loipon “as for the rest” (2 Thessalonians 3:1; Philemon 3:1; Philemon 4:8; Ephesians 6:10). Paul casts no reflection on baptism, for he could not with his conception of it as the picture of the new life in Christ (Romans 6:2-6), but he clearly denies here that he considers baptism essential to the remission of sin or the means of obtaining forgiveness. [source]
1 Corinthians 1:10 All speak [Σχισμα]
Present active subjunctive, that ye all keep on speaking. With the divisions in mind. An idiom from Greek political life (Lightfoot). This touch of the classical writers argues for Paul‘s acquaintance with Greek culture. There be no divisions among you (σχιζω — mē ēi en humin schismata). Present subjunctive, that divisions may not continue to be (they already had them). Negative statement of preceding idea. αιρεσεις — Schisma is from στασις — schizō old word to split or rend, and so means a rent (Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21). Papyri use it for a splinter of wood and for ploughing. Here we have the earliest instance of its use in a moral sense of division, dissension, see also 1 Corinthians 11:18 where a less complete change than ητε δε κατηρτισμενοι — haireseis 1 Corinthians 12:25; John 7:43 (discord); John 9:16; John 10:19. “Here, faction, for which the classical word is νοι — stasis division within the Christian community” (Vincent). These divisions were over the preachers (1:12-4:21), immorality (1 Corinthians 5:1-13), going to law before the heathen (1 Corinthians 6:1-11), marriage (7:1-40), meats offered to idols (1 Corinthians 8-10), conduct of women in church (11:1-16), the Lord‘s Supper (11:17-34), spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12-14), the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15). But that ye be perfected together Periphrastic perfect passive subjunctive. See this verb in Matthew 4:21 (Mark 1:19) for mending torn nets and in moral sense already in 1 Thessalonians 3:10. Galen uses it for a surgeon‘s mending a joint and Herodotus for composing factions. See 2 Corinthians 13:11; Galatians 6:1. Mind (νους — noi), judgment (γνωμη — gnōmēi). “Of these words νους — nous denotes the frame or state of mind, gnōmē the judgment, opinion or sentiment, which is the outcome of nous ” (Lightfoot). [source]
2 Corinthians 13:9 Perfection [κατάρτισιν]
Only here in the New Testament. See on be perfect, 2 Corinthians 13:11. Rev., perfecting. [source]
2 Corinthians 13:9 Your perfecting [υμων καταρτισιν]
Late word from καταρτιζω — katartizō to fit, to equip (see verb in 2 Corinthians 13:11). In Plutarch, only here in N.T. [source]
Galatians 6:1 Restore [καταρτίζετε]
See on Matthew 4:21; see on Matthew 21:16; see on Luke 6:40; see on 1 Peter 5:10. The word is used of reconciling factions, as Hdt. v. 28; of setting bones; of mending nets, Mark 1:19; of equipping or preparing, Romans 9:22, Hebrews 10:5; Hebrews 11:3; of manning a fleet, or supplying an army with provisions. Usually by Paul metaphorically as here. The idea of amendment is prominent: set him to rights: bring him into line. Comp. 2 Corinthians 13:11; 1 Corinthians 1:10. [source]
Ephesians 6:10 Finally [τὸ λοιπόν]
See on 2 Corinthians 13:11. Omit my brethren. [source]
Philippians 4:5 Rejoice []
See on Phlippians 1:4, and 2 Corinthians 13:11. [source]
Philippians 3:1 Rejoice [χαίρετε]
See on 2 Corinthians 13:11. [source]
Philippians 3:1 Finally [τὸ λοιπόν]
Lit., for the rest. Frequent in Paul's writings in introducing the conclusions of his letters. See 1 Thessalonians 4:1; 2 Thessalonians 3:1; 2 Corinthians 13:11, note. Evidently Paul was about to close his letter, when his thought was directed into another channel - the Judaizing teachers, and their attempts to undermine his influence. [source]
Philippians 3:1 Finally [το λοιπον]
Accusative of general reference, literally, “as for the rest.” So again in Phlippians 4:8. It (or just λοιπον — loipon) is a common phrase towards the close of Paul‘s Epistles (2 Thessalonians 3:1; 2 Corinthians 13:11). In Ephesians 6:10 we have του λοιπου — tou loipou (genitive case). But Paul uses the idiom elsewhere also as in 1 Corinthians 7:29; 1 Thessalonians 4:1 before the close of the letter is in sight. It is wholly needless to understand Paul as about to finish and then suddenly changing his mind like some preachers who announce the end a half dozen times. [source]
1 Thessalonians 4:1 Finally [λοιπον]
Accusative of general reference of λοιπος — loipos as for the rest. It does not mean actual conclusion, but merely a colloquial expression pointing towards the end (Milligan) as in 2 Corinthians 13:11; 2 Timothy 4:8. So το λοιπον — to loipon in 2 Thessalonians 3:1; Philemon 3:1; Philemon 4:8. [source]
1 Thessalonians 5:23 The God of peace [ο τεος της ειρηνης]
The God characterized by peace in his nature, who gladly bestows it also. Common phrase (Milligan) at close of Paul‘s Epistles (2 Corinthians 13:11; Romans 15:33; Romans 16:20; Philemon 4:9) and the Lord of peace in 2 Thessalonians 3:6. [source]
2 Timothy 4:8 Henceforth [λοιπὸν]
Lit. as to what remains. Λοιπὸν or τὸ λοιπὸν either finally, as 2 Corinthians 13:11; or henceforth as here, Mark 14:41; 1 Corinthians 7:29, Hebrews 10:13: or for the rest, besides, as 1 Thessalonians 4:1(note); 2 Thessalonians 3:1. [source]
2 Timothy 3:17 May be complete [ινα ηι αρτιος]
Final clause with ινα — hina and present subjunctive of ειμι — eimi Αρτιος — Artios is old word (from root αρω — arō to fit), specially adapted, here only in N.T. Furnished completely (εχηρτισμενος — exērtismenos). Perfect passive participle of εχαρτιζω — exartizō rare verb, to furnish (fit) fully (perfective use of εχ — ex), in N.T. only here and Acts 21:5. In Josephus. For καταρτιζω — katartizō see note on Luke 6:40; 2 Corinthians 13:11. [source]
2 Timothy 3:17 Furnished completely [εχηρτισμενος]
Perfect passive participle of εχαρτιζω — exartizō rare verb, to furnish (fit) fully (perfective use of εχ — ex), in N.T. only here and Acts 21:5. In Josephus. For καταρτιζω — katartizō see note on Luke 6:40; 2 Corinthians 13:11. [source]
Hebrews 13:21 Make you perfect [καταρτισαι]
First aorist active optative of καταρτιζω — katartizō to equip, as in Hebrews 10:5. A wish for the future. See 1 Corinthians 1:10; 2 Corinthians 13:11; 2 Timothy 3:17. Working in us “Doing in us.” Some MSS. read “in you.” Well-pleasing Compound adjective Usually with the dative (Romans 12:2), here with enōpion autou more like the Hebrew. This is one of the noblest doxologies in the N.T. [source]
1 Peter 5:10 Shall himself perfect [αὐτὸς καταρτίσει]
The A. V. overlooks the αὐτὸς , himself, which is very significant as indicating God's personal interest and energy in the work of confirming his children. Shall perfect. Rev. reads restore, in margin. The root of this word appears in ἄρω or ἀραρίσκω , to fit or join together. So ἄρθρον means a joint. The radical notion of the verb is, therefore, adjustment - the-DIVIDER-
putting of all the parts into right relation and connection. We find it used of mending the nets (Matthew 4:21), and of restoring an erring brother (Galatians 6:1); of framing the body and the worlds (Hebrews 10:5; Hebrews 11:3); of the union of members in the church (1 Corinthians 1:10; 2 Corinthians 13:11). Out of this comes the general sense of perfecting (Matthew 21:16; Luke 6:40; 1 Thessalonians 3:10). [source]

2 John 1:10 This teaching [μη λαμβανετε αυτον]
This teaching of Christ of 2 John 1:9, which is the standard by which to test Gnostic deceivers (2 John 1:7). John does not refer to entertaining strangers (Hebrews 13:2; 1 Timothy 5:10), but to the deceiving propagandists who were carrying dissension and danger with them.Receive him not (μη — mē lambanete auton). Present active imperative with λαμβανω — mē For εις οικιαν — lambanō in this sense see John 1:12; John 6:21; John 13:20.Into your house Definite without the article like our at home, to town.Give him no greeting (χαιρειν — chairein autōi mē legete). “Say not farewell to him.” Apparently λεγετε — chairein here (present active infinitive, object of μη — legete present active imperative with negative χαιρειν — mē) is used of farewell as in 2 Corinthians 13:11, though usually in the N.T. (Acts 15:23; Acts 23:26; James 1:1) of the salutation. But here the point turns on the stranger bringing into the house (or trying to do so) his heretical and harmful teaching which seems to be after the salutation is over. The usual greeting to a house is given in Luke 10:5. On the other hand, if chairein means greeting, not farewell, here, it can very well be understood of the peril of allowing these Gnostic propagandists to spread their pernicious teachings (cf. Mormons or Bolshevists) in home and church (usually meeting in the home). This is assuming that the men were known and not mere strangers. [source]
2 John 1:10 Into your house [χαιρειν αυτωι μη λεγετε]
Definite without the article like our at home, to town.Give him no greeting (χαιρειν — chairein autōi mē legete). “Say not farewell to him.” Apparently λεγετε — chairein here (present active infinitive, object of μη — legete present active imperative with negative χαιρειν — mē) is used of farewell as in 2 Corinthians 13:11, though usually in the N.T. (Acts 15:23; Acts 23:26; James 1:1) of the salutation. But here the point turns on the stranger bringing into the house (or trying to do so) his heretical and harmful teaching which seems to be after the salutation is over. The usual greeting to a house is given in Luke 10:5. On the other hand, if chairein means greeting, not farewell, here, it can very well be understood of the peril of allowing these Gnostic propagandists to spread their pernicious teachings (cf. Mormons or Bolshevists) in home and church (usually meeting in the home). This is assuming that the men were known and not mere strangers. [source]
2 John 1:10 Give him no greeting [χαιρειν]
“Say not farewell to him.” Apparently λεγετε — chairein here (present active infinitive, object of μη — legete present active imperative with negative χαιρειν — mē) is used of farewell as in 2 Corinthians 13:11, though usually in the N.T. (Acts 15:23; Acts 23:26; James 1:1) of the salutation. But here the point turns on the stranger bringing into the house (or trying to do so) his heretical and harmful teaching which seems to be after the salutation is over. The usual greeting to a house is given in Luke 10:5. On the other hand, if chairein means greeting, not farewell, here, it can very well be understood of the peril of allowing these Gnostic propagandists to spread their pernicious teachings (cf. Mormons or Bolshevists) in home and church (usually meeting in the home). This is assuming that the men were known and not mere strangers. [source]

What do the individual words in 2 Corinthians 13:11 mean?

Finally brothers rejoice Be perfected be exhorted [be of] the same mind be at peace And the God - of love peace will be with you
Λοιπόν ἀδελφοί χαίρετε καταρτίζεσθε παρακαλεῖσθε τὸ αὐτὸ φρονεῖτε εἰρηνεύετε καὶ Θεὸς τῆς ἀγάπης εἰρήνης ἔσται μεθ’ ὑμῶν

Λοιπόν  Finally 
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Singular
Root: λοιπός  
Sense: remaining, the rest.
ἀδελφοί  brothers 
Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Plural
Root: ἀδελφός  
Sense: a brother, whether born of the same two parents or only of the same father or mother.
χαίρετε  rejoice 
Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural
Root: χαίρω  
Sense: to rejoice, be glad.
καταρτίζεσθε  Be  perfected 
Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Middle or Passive, 2nd Person Plural
Root: καταρτίζω  
Sense: to render, i.e. to fit, sound, complete.
παρακαλεῖσθε  be  exhorted 
Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Middle or Passive, 2nd Person Plural
Root: παρακαλέω  
Sense: to call to one’s side, call for, summon.
τὸ  [be  of]  the 
Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Singular
Root:  
Sense: this, that, these, etc.
αὐτὸ  same 
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Accusative Neuter 3rd Person Singular
Root: αὐτός  
Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself.
φρονεῖτε  mind 
Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural
Root: φρονέω  
Sense: to have understanding, be wise.
εἰρηνεύετε  be  at  peace 
Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural
Root: εἰρηνεύω  
Sense: to make peace.
Θεὸς  God 
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular
Root: θεός  
Sense: a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinities.
τῆς  - 
Parse: Article, Genitive Feminine Singular
Root:  
Sense: this, that, these, etc.
ἀγάπης  of  love 
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular
Root: ἀγάπη  
Sense: brotherly love, affection, good will, love, benevolence.
εἰρήνης  peace 
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular
Root: εἰρήνη  
Sense: a state of national tranquillity.
ἔσται  will  be 
Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Singular
Root: εἰμί  
Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present.