KJV: And through covetousness shall they with feigned words make merchandise of you: whose judgment now of a long time lingereth not, and their damnation slumbereth not.
YLT: and in covetousness, with moulded words, of you they shall make merchandise, whose judgment of old is not idle, and their destruction doth not slumber.
Darby: And through covetousness, with well-turned words, will they make merchandise of you: for whom judgment of old is not idle, and their destruction slumbers not.
ASV: And in covetousness shall they with feigned words make merchandise of you: whose sentence now from of old lingereth not, and their destruction slumbereth not.
ἐν | through |
Parse: Preposition Root: ἐν Sense: in, by, with etc. |
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πλεονεξίᾳ | covetousness |
Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: πλεονεξία Sense: greedy desire to have more, covetousness, avarice. |
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πλαστοῖς | with fabricated |
Parse: Adjective, Dative Masculine Plural Root: πλαστός Sense: moulded, formed, as from clay, wax, or stone. |
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λόγοις | words |
Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: λόγος Sense: of speech. |
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ἐμπορεύσονται | they will exploit |
Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἐμπορεύομαι Sense: to go a trading, to travel for business, to traffic, trade. |
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οἷς | for whom |
Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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κρίμα | judgment |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: κρίμα Sense: a decree, judgments. |
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ἔκπαλαι | of long ago |
Parse: Adverb Root: ἔκπαλαι Sense: from of old. |
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ἀργεῖ | is idle |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀργέω Sense: to be idle, inactive, to linger, delay. |
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ἀπώλεια | destruction |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ἀπώλεια Sense: destroying, utter destruction. |
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αὐτῶν | of them |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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νυστάζει | slumbers |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: νυστάζω Sense: to nod in sleep, to sleep. |
Greek Commentary for 2 Peter 2:3
As did Balaam (2 Peter 2:15). These licentious Gnostics made money out of their dupes. A merely intellectual Gnosticism had its fruit in immorality and fraud. [source]
Instrumental case. Πλαστος Plastos is verbal adjective (from πλασσω plassō to mould as from clay, for which see Romans 9:20), here only in N.T. “With forged words.” See sample in 2 Peter 3:4.Shall make merchandise of you (υμας εμπορευσονται humas emporeusontai). Future middle of εμπορευομαι emporeuomai (from εμπορος emporos a travelling merchant), old word, to go in for trade, in N.T. only here and James 4:13, which see. Cf. our emporium (John 2:16, market house).Whose sentence “For whom (dative case) the sentence” (verdict, not process κρισις krisis).Now from of old (εκπαλαι ekpalai). Late and common compound adverb, in N.T. only here and 2 Peter 3:5.Lingereth not “Is not idle,” old verb, αργεω argeō (from αργος argos not working, alpha privative and εργον ergon), here only in N.T.Slumbereth not (ου νυσταζει ou nustazei). Old and common verb (from νυω nuō to nod), in N.T. only here and Matthew 25:5. Note απωλεια apōleia (destruction) three times in 2 Peter 2:1-3. [source]
Future middle of εμπορευομαι emporeuomai (from εμπορος emporos a travelling merchant), old word, to go in for trade, in N.T. only here and James 4:13, which see. Cf. our emporium (John 2:16, market house). [source]
“For whom (dative case) the sentence” (verdict, not process κρισις krisis).Now from of old (εκπαλαι ekpalai). Late and common compound adverb, in N.T. only here and 2 Peter 3:5.Lingereth not “Is not idle,” old verb, αργεω argeō (from αργος argos not working, alpha privative and εργον ergon), here only in N.T.Slumbereth not (ου νυσταζει ou nustazei). Old and common verb (from νυω nuō to nod), in N.T. only here and Matthew 25:5. Note απωλεια apōleia (destruction) three times in 2 Peter 2:1-3. [source]
Late and common compound adverb, in N.T. only here and 2 Peter 3:5. [source]
“Is not idle,” old verb, αργεω argeō (from αργος argos not working, alpha privative and εργον ergon), here only in N.T.Slumbereth not (ου νυσταζει ou nustazei). Old and common verb (from νυω nuō to nod), in N.T. only here and Matthew 25:5. Note απωλεια apōleia (destruction) three times in 2 Peter 2:1-3. [source]
Old and common verb (from νυω nuō to nod), in N.T. only here and Matthew 25:5. Note απωλεια apōleia (destruction) three times in 2 Peter 2:1-3. [source]
Lit., in covetousness; denoting the element or sphere in which the evil is wrought. [source]
Only here in New Testament. From πλάσσω , to mould, as in clay or wax. The idea is, therefore, of words moulded at will to suit their vain imaginations. [source]
Only here and James 4:13. Compare Judges 1:16,for the sake of advantage; their glory being in having a multitude of followers. [source]
Rev., sentence. So, commonly, in New Testament; the process or act of judging being expressed by κρίσις. [source]
Rev., better,from of old, bringing out thus more sharply the force of ἐκ . Only here and 2 Peter 3:5. Construe with lingereth. [source]
Only here in New Testament. Compare on the kindred adjective idle, 2 Peter 1:8. There is a graphic picture in the sentence. The judgment is not idle. It is “represented as a living thing, awake and expectant. Long ago that judgment started on its destroying path, and the fate of sinning angels, and the deluge, and the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah were but incidental illustrations of its power; nor has it ever since lingered … .It advances still, strong and vigilant as when first it sprang from the bosom of God, and will not fail to reach the mark to which it was pointed from of old” (Salmond and Lillie). [source]
More literally, Rev., destruction. The word occurs three times in 2 Peter 2:1. [source]
See on Matthew 25:5, the only other passage where it occurs. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 2 Peter 2:3
Judicial sentence. Compare 1 Corinthians 6:7; 1 Corinthians 11:29. See on 2 Peter 2:3. [source]
Rev., more correctly, ye have lawsuits. Not the same phrase as in 1 Corinthians 6:6. Κρίμα in the New Testament almost universally means judgment or decree, as Romans 5:16. See on 2 Peter 2:3. In classical Greek it has also the meaning of the matter of judgment, the question in litigation. So Aeschylus: “The matter ( κρίμα ) is not easy to judge. Choose me not as judge” (“Suppliants,” 391). Here the meaning is legal proceedings, lawsuits. So in Septuagint, Job 31:13; Exodus 23:6. [source]
Rev., more concisely, trade. Only here and 2 Peter 2:3. [source]
Only here and 2 Timothy 3:15, in which latter passage it has a good sense, to make thee wise. Here, in a bad sense, artfully framed by human cleverness ( σοφία )Compare feigned words, 2 Peter 2:3. [source]
Associative instrumental case of μυτος muthos (old term for word, narrative, story, fiction, fable, falsehood). In N.T. only here and the Pastoral Epistles (1 Timothy 1:4, etc.). Perfect passive participle of σοπιζω sophizō old word (from σοπος sophos), only twice in N.T., in causative sense to make wise (2 Timothy 3:15), to play the sophist, to invent cleverly (here) and so also in the old writers and in the papyri. Some of the false teachers apparently taught that the Gospel miracles were only allegories and not facts (Bigg). Cf. 2 Peter 2:3 for “feigned words.”When we made known unto you (εγνωρισαμεν υμιν egnōrisamen humin). First aorist active indicative of γνωριζω gnōrizō to make known unto you. Possibly by Peter himself.The power and coming These words can refer (Chase) to the Incarnation, just as is true of επιπανεια epiphaneia in 2 Timothy 1:10 (second coming in 1 Timothy 6:14), and is true of παρουσια parousia (2 Corinthians 7:6 of Titus). But elsewhere in the N.T. παρουσια parousia (technical term in the papyri for the coming of a king or other high dignitary), when used of Christ, refers to his second coming (2 Peter 3:4, 2 Peter 3:12).But we were eye-witnesses (αλλ εποπται γενητεντες all' epoptai genēthentes). First aorist passive participle of γινομαι ginomai “but having become eye-witnesses.” Εποπται Epoptai old word (from εποπτω epoptō like εποπτευω epopteuō in 1 Peter 2:12; 1 Peter 3:2), used of those who attained the third or highest degree of initiates in the Eleusinian mysteries (common in the inscriptions). Cf. αυτοπτης autoptēs in Luke 1:2.Of his majesty Late and rare word (lxx and papyri) from μεγαλειος megaleios (Acts 2:11), in N.T. only here, Luke 9:43 (of God); Acts 19:27 (of Artemis). Peter clearly felt that he and James and John were lifted to the highest stage of initiation at the Transfiguration of Christ. Emphatic εκεινου ekeinou as in 2 Timothy 2:26. [source]
Wrong. The verb is in the present participle, coming, which describes the manhood of Christ as still being manifested. See on 1 John 3:5. In 1 John 4:2we have the manifestation treated as a past fact by the perfect tense, ἐληλυθο.τα hascome. Rev., that Jesus Christ cometh. So in 1 Thessalonians 1:10, τῆς ὀργῆς τῆς ἐρχομένης is the wrath which is coming; which has already begun its movement and is advancing: not merely, as A.V., the wrath to come, which makes it wholly a future event. See on lingereth, 2 Peter 2:3. [source]
The Rev., shewing respect of persons, is neater, but the A. V. more literal: admiring the countenances. Compare 2Peter href="/desk/?q=2pe+2:3&sr=1">2 Peter 2:3, 2 Peter 2:14. [source]
Perfect passive participle of προγραπω prographō to write of beforehand, for which verb see Galatians 3:1; Romans 15:4.Unto this condemnation (εις τουτο το κριμα eis touto to krima). See 2 Peter 2:3 for κριμα krima and εκπαλαι ekpalai Παλαι Palai here apparently alludes to Judges 1:14, Judges 1:15 (Enoch).Ungodly men Keynote of the Epistle (Mayor), in Judges 1:15 again as in 2 Peter 2:5; 2 Peter 3:7.Turning (μετατιτεντες metatithentes). Present active participle of μετατιτημι metatithēmi to change, for which verb see Galatians 1:6. For the change of “grace” (χαριτα charita) into “lasciviousness” (εις ασελγειαν eis aselgeian) see 1 Peter 2:16; 1 Peter 4:3; 2 Peter 2:19; 2 Peter 3:16.Our only Master and Lord For the force of the one article for one person see note on 2 Peter 1:1. For δεσποτην despotēn of Christ see 2 Peter 2:1.Denying (αρνουμενοι arnoumenoi). So 2 Peter 2:1. See also Matthew 10:33; 1 Timothy 5:8; Titus 1:16; 1 John 2:22. [source]
See 2 Peter 2:3 for κριμα krima and εκπαλαι ekpalai Παλαι Palai here apparently alludes to Judges 1:14, Judges 1:15 (Enoch). [source]
To themselves. See also Judges 1:11. The covetousness of these Gnostic leaders is plainly shown in 2 Peter 2:3, 2 Peter 2:14. For χαριν charin as preposition with genitive see Ephesians 3:1, Ephesians 3:14. [source]
Rare word (Isocrates, Aristotle, Plutarch) from μεμπομαι memphomai to complain and μοιρα moira lot or fate. Here alone in N.T.Lusts (επιτυμιας epithumias). As in 2 Peter 3:3.Swelling So in 2 Peter 2:18 (big words).Showing respect of persons (ταυμαζοντες προσωπα thaumazontes prosōpa). Present active participle of ταυμαζω thaumazō to admire, to wonder at. Nowhere else in N.T. with προσωπα prosōpa but a Hebraism (in Leviticus 19:15; Job 13:10) like λαμβανειν προσωπον lambanein prosōpon (Luke 20:21) and βλεπειν προσωπον blepein prosōpon (Matthew 22:16) and προσοπωλεμπτεω prosopōlempteō (James 2:9). Cf. James 2:1.For the sake of advantage To themselves. See also Judges 1:11. The covetousness of these Gnostic leaders is plainly shown in 2 Peter 2:3, 2 Peter 2:14. For χαριν charin as preposition with genitive see Ephesians 3:1, Ephesians 3:14. [source]
So in 2 Peter 2:18 (big words).Showing respect of persons (ταυμαζοντες προσωπα thaumazontes prosōpa). Present active participle of ταυμαζω thaumazō to admire, to wonder at. Nowhere else in N.T. with προσωπα prosōpa but a Hebraism (in Leviticus 19:15; Job 13:10) like λαμβανειν προσωπον lambanein prosōpon (Luke 20:21) and βλεπειν προσωπον blepein prosōpon (Matthew 22:16) and προσοπωλεμπτεω prosopōlempteō (James 2:9). Cf. James 2:1.For the sake of advantage To themselves. See also Judges 1:11. The covetousness of these Gnostic leaders is plainly shown in 2 Peter 2:3, 2 Peter 2:14. For χαριν charin as preposition with genitive see Ephesians 3:1, Ephesians 3:14. [source]