KJV: And he reasoned in the synagogue every sabbath, and persuaded the Jews and the Greeks.
YLT: and he was reasoning in the synagogue every sabbath, persuading both Jews and Greeks.
Darby: And he reasoned in the synagogue every sabbath, and persuaded Jews and Greeks.
ASV: And he reasoned in the synagogue every sabbath, and persuaded Jews and Greeks.
| Διελέγετο | He was reasoning |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: διαλέγομαι Sense: to think different things with one’s self, mingle thought with thought. |
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| δὲ | now |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| συναγωγῇ | synagogue |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: συναγωγή Sense: a bringing together, gathering (as of fruits), a contracting. |
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| πᾶν | every |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: πᾶς Sense: individually. |
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| σάββατον | Sabbath |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: σάββατον Sense: the seventh day of each week which was a sacred festival on which the Israelites were required to abstain from all work. |
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| ἔπειθέν | persuading |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἐπισείω Sense: persuade. |
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| τε | both |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: τέ Sense: not only … but also. |
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| Ἰουδαίους | Jews |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: Ἰουδαῖος Sense: Jewish, belonging to the Jewish race. |
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| Ἕλληνας | Greeks |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: Ἕλλην Sense: a Greek either by nationality, whether a native of the main land or of the Greek islands or colonies. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 18:4
Imperfect middle, same form as in Acts 17:17 about Paul‘s work in Athens, here only on the Sabbaths. [source]
Imperfect active, conative, he tried to persuade both Jews and Greeks (God-fearers who alone would come). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 18:4
Imperfect active of καταγγελλω kataggellō inchoative, began to proclaim. This was Paul‘s rule of procedure, “to the Jew first” (Romans 1:16; Acts 13:46; Acts 17:2; Acts 18:4, Acts 18:19; Acts 19:8). [source]
Of the worshipping proselytes described in Acts 13:16, Acts 13:25 as “those who fear God” (cf. Acts 16:14) employed usually of the uncircumcised Gentiles who yet attended the synagogue worship, but the word προσηλυτοι prosēlutoi Yet the rabbis used it also of proselytes of the gate who had not yet become circumcised, probably the idea here. In the N.T. the word occurs only in Matthew 23:15; Acts 2:10; Acts 6:5; Acts 13:43. Many (both Jews and proselytes) followed Imperfect active of peithō either descriptive (were persuading) or conative (were trying to persuade). Paul had great powers of persuasion (Acts 18:4; Acts 19:8, Acts 19:26; Acts 26:28; Acts 28:23; 2 Corinthians 5:11; Galatians 1:10). These Jews “were beginning to understand for the first time the true meaning of their national history” (Furneaux), “the grace of God” to them. [source]
Imperfect active of peithō either descriptive (were persuading) or conative (were trying to persuade). Paul had great powers of persuasion (Acts 18:4; Acts 19:8, Acts 19:26; Acts 26:28; Acts 28:23; 2 Corinthians 5:11; Galatians 1:10). These Jews “were beginning to understand for the first time the true meaning of their national history” (Furneaux), “the grace of God” to them. [source]
This is undoubtedly the correct text and not τωι πνευματι tōi pneumati of the Textus Receptus, but συνειχετο suneicheto is in my opinion the direct middle imperfect indicative, not the imperfect passive as the translations have it (Robertson, Grammar, p. 808). Paul held himself together or completely to the preaching instead of just on Sabbaths in the synagogue (Acts 18:4). The coming of Silas and Timothy with the gifts from Macedonia (1 Thessalonians 3:6; 2 Corinthians 11:9; Philemon 4:15) set Paul free from tent-making for a while so that he began to devote himself (inchoative imperfect) with fresh consecration to preaching. See the active in 2 Corinthians 5:14. He was now also assisted by Silas and Timothy (2 Corinthians 1:19). [source]
This great city on the Cayster, the capital of the Province of Asia, the home of the worship of Diana (Artemis) with a wonderful temple, Paul at last had reached, though forbidden to come on the way out on this tour (Acts 16:6). Here Paul will spend three years after his return from Jerusalem. He left them there (κακεινους κατελιπεν αυτου kakeinous katelipen autou). That is, Priscilla and Aquila he left (second aorist active indicative) here (αυτου autou). But Luke mentions the departure by way of anticipation before he actually went away (Acts 18:21). But he himself Paul again the leading person in the narrative. On this occasion he may have gone alone into the synagogue. He reasoned (διελεχατο dielexato). Luke‘s favourite word for Paul‘s synagogue discourses (Acts 17:2, Acts 17:17; Acts 18:4 which see) as also Acts 19:8, Acts 19:9. [source]
Paul again the leading person in the narrative. On this occasion he may have gone alone into the synagogue. He reasoned (διελεχατο dielexato). Luke‘s favourite word for Paul‘s synagogue discourses (Acts 17:2, Acts 17:17; Acts 18:4 which see) as also Acts 19:8, Acts 19:9. [source]
Luke‘s favourite word for Paul‘s synagogue discourses (Acts 17:2, Acts 17:17; Acts 18:4 which see) as also Acts 19:8, Acts 19:9. [source]