KJV: And they came to the chief priests and elders, and said, We have bound ourselves under a great curse, that we will eat nothing until we have slain Paul.
YLT: who having come near to the chief priests and to the elders said, 'With an anathema we did anathematize ourselves -- to taste nothing till we have killed Paul;
Darby: and they went to the chief priests and elders, and said, We have cursed ourselves with a curse to taste nothing until we kill Paul.
ASV: And they came to the chief priests and the elders, and said, We have bound ourselves under a great curse, to taste nothing until we have killed Paul.
| προσελθόντες | having come |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: προσέρχομαι Sense: to come to, approach. |
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| τοῖς | to the |
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Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ἀρχιερεῦσιν | chief priests |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ἀρχιερεύς Sense: chief priest, high priest. |
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| πρεσβυτέροις | elders |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Masculine Plural Root: πρεσβύτερος Sense: elder, of age,. |
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| εἶπαν | said |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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| Ἀναθέματι | With an oath |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Singular Root: ἀνάθεμα Sense: a thing set up or laid by in order to be kept. |
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| ἀνεθεματίσαμεν | we have bound |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 1st Person Plural Root: ἀναθεματίζω Sense: to devote to destruction. |
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| ἑαυτοὺς | ourselves |
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Parse: Reflexive Pronoun, Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: ἑαυτοῦ Sense: himself, herself, itself, themselves. |
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| μηδενὸς | nothing |
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Parse: Adjective, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: μηδείς Sense: nobody, no one, nothing. |
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| γεύσασθαι | to eat |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Middle Root: γεύομαι Sense: to taste, to try the flavour of. |
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| ἕως | until |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἕως Sense: till, until. |
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| οὗ | that |
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Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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| ἀποκτείνωμεν | we should kill |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 1st Person Plural Root: ἀποκτείνω Sense: to kill in any way whatever. |
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| τὸν | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Παῦλον | Paul |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Παῦλος Sense: Paul was the most famous of the apostles and wrote a good part of the NT, the 4 Pauline epistles. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 23:14
The Sanhedrin, just as Judas did (Luke 22:4). [source]
This use of the same word as the verb repeated in the instrumental case is in imitation of the Hebrew absolute infinitive and common in the lxx, the very idiom and words of Deuteronomy 13:15; Deuteronomy 20:17, an example of translation Greek, though found in other languages (Robertson, Grammar, p. 531). See note on Luke 21:5 for the distinction between anathema and anathēma Jesus had foretold: “Whoso killeth you will think that he doeth God service” (John 16:2). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 23:14
Literally, “that.”It was adorned (κεκοσμηται kekosmētai). Perfect passive indicative, state of completion, stands adorned, tense retained in indirect discourse, though English has to change it. Κοσμεω Kosmeō old and common verb for orderly arrangement and adorning.With goodly stones and offerings Instrumental case. Some of these stones in the substructure were enormous. “The columns of the cloister or portico were monoliths of marble over forty feet high” (Plummer). Cf. Josephus, War, V.5. The word ανατημα anathēma (here only in the N.T.) is not to be confused with ανατεμα anathema from the same verb ανατιτημι anatithēmi but which came to mean a curse (Galatians 1:8; Acts 23:14). So ανατεμα anathema came to mean devoted in a bad sense, ανατημα anathēma in a good sense. “Thus knave, lad, becomes a rascal; villain, a farmer, becomes a scoundrel; cunning, skilful, becomes crafty ” (Vincent). These offerings in the temple were very numerous and costly (2 Maccabees 3:2-7) like the golden vine of Herod with branches as tall as a man (Josephus, Ant. XV. ii.3). [source]
Instrumental case. Some of these stones in the substructure were enormous. “The columns of the cloister or portico were monoliths of marble over forty feet high” (Plummer). Cf. Josephus, War, V.5. The word ανατημα anathēma (here only in the N.T.) is not to be confused with ανατεμα anathema from the same verb ανατιτημι anatithēmi but which came to mean a curse (Galatians 1:8; Acts 23:14). So ανατεμα anathema came to mean devoted in a bad sense, ανατημα anathēma in a good sense. “Thus knave, lad, becomes a rascal; villain, a farmer, becomes a scoundrel; cunning, skilful, becomes crafty ” (Vincent). These offerings in the temple were very numerous and costly (2 Maccabees 3:2-7) like the golden vine of Herod with branches as tall as a man (Josephus, Ant. XV. ii.3). [source]
Literally, rejoiceth with joy. A Hebrew idiom. See on Luke 22:15, and compare Acts 23:14; James 5:17. Only here in John's writings. [source]
First aorist active indicative of ανατεματιζω anathematizō a late word, said by Cremer and Thayer to be wholly Biblical or ecclesiastical. But Deissmann (Light from the Ancient East, p. 95) quotes several examples of the verb in an Attic cursing tablet from Megara of the first or second century a.d. This proof shows that the word, as well as ανατεμα anathema (substantive) from which the verb is derived, was employed by pagans as well as by Jews. Deissmann suggests that Greek Jews like the seven sons of Sceva may have been the first to coin it. It occurs in the lxx as well as Mark 14:71 (which see and Luke 21:5); Acts 23:12, Acts 23:14, Acts 23:21. They placed themselves under an anathema or curse, devoted themselves to God (cf. Leviticus 27:28.; 1 Corinthians 16:22). Drink (πεινπιειν pein̂piein). Second aorist active infinitive of πινω pinō For this shortened form see Robertson, Grammar, p. 343. Till they had killed First aorist active subjunctive of αποκτεινω apokteinō common verb. No reason to translate “had killed,” simply “till they should kill,” the aorist merely punctiliar action, the subjunctive retained instead of the optative for vividness as usual in the Koiné{[28928]}š (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 974-6). Same construction in Acts 23:14. King Saul took an “anathema” that imperilled Jonathan (1 Samuel 14:24). Perhaps the forty felt that the rabbis could find some way to absolve the curse if they failed. See this verse repeated in Acts 23:21. [source]
First aorist active subjunctive of αποκτεινω apokteinō common verb. No reason to translate “had killed,” simply “till they should kill,” the aorist merely punctiliar action, the subjunctive retained instead of the optative for vividness as usual in the Koiné{[28928]}š (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 974-6). Same construction in Acts 23:14. King Saul took an “anathema” that imperilled Jonathan (1 Samuel 14:24). Perhaps the forty felt that the rabbis could find some way to absolve the curse if they failed. See this verse repeated in Acts 23:21. [source]