KJV: But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Men and brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee: of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.
YLT: and Paul having known that the one part are Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, cried out in the sanhedrim, 'Men, brethren, I am a Pharisee -- son of a Pharisee -- concerning hope and rising again of dead men I am judged.'
Darby: But Paul, knowing that the one part of them were of the Sadducees and the other of the Pharisees, cried out in the council, Brethren, I am a Pharisee, son of Pharisees: I am judged concerning the hope and resurrection of the dead.
ASV: But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Brethren, I am a Pharisee, a son of Pharisees: touching the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.
Γνοὺς | Having known |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: γινώσκω Sense: to learn to know, come to know, get a knowledge of perceive, feel. |
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ὁ | - |
Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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Παῦλος | Paul |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Παῦλος Sense: Paul was the most famous of the apostles and wrote a good part of the NT, the 4 Pauline epistles. |
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ὅτι | that |
Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅτι Sense: that, because, since. |
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ἓν | one |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: εἷς Sense: one. |
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μέρος | part |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: μέρος Sense: a part. |
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ἐστὶν | consists |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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Σαδδουκαίων | of Sadducees |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: Σαδδουκαῖος Sense: a religious party at the time of Christ among the Jews, who denied that the oral law was a revelation of God to the Israelites, and who deemed the written law alone to be obligatory on the nation, as the divine authority. They denied the following doctrines:. |
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τὸ | - |
Parse: Article, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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ἕτερον | the other |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ἀλλοιόω Sense: the other, another, other. |
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Φαρισαίων | of Pharisees |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: Φαρισαῖος Sense: A sect that seems to have started after the Jewish exile. |
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ἔκραζεν | he began crying out |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: κράζω Sense: to croak. |
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συνεδρίῳ | Council |
Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Singular Root: συνέδριον Sense: any assembly (esp. |
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Ἄνδρες | Men |
Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Plural Root: ἀνήρ Sense: with reference to sex. |
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ἀδελφοί | brothers |
Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Plural Root: ἀδελφός Sense: a brother, whether born of the same two parents or only of the same father or mother. |
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Φαρισαῖός | a Pharisee |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Φαρισαῖος Sense: A sect that seems to have started after the Jewish exile. |
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υἱὸς | [the] son |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: υἱός Sense: a son. |
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Φαρισαίων | of a Pharisee |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: Φαρισαῖος Sense: A sect that seems to have started after the Jewish exile. |
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περὶ | concerning |
Parse: Preposition Root: περί Sense: about, concerning, on account of, because of, around, near. |
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ἐλπίδος | [the] hope |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ἐλπίς Sense: expectation of evil, fear. |
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ἀναστάσεως | resurrection |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ἀνάστασις Sense: a raising up, rising (e. |
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νεκρῶν | of [the] dead |
Parse: Adjective, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: νεκρός Sense: properly. |
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κρίνομαι | am judged |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 1st Person Singular Root: κρίνω Sense: to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose. |
Greek Commentary for Acts 23:6
Perceiving (second aorist ingressive of γινωσκω ginōskō). Paul quickly saw that his cause was ruined before the Sanhedrin by his unwitting attack on the high priest. It was impossible to get a fair hearing. Hence, Vincent says, “Paul, with great tact, seeks to bring the two parties of the council into collision with each other.” So Alford argues with the motto “divide and conquer.” Farrar condemns Paul and takes Acts 24:21 as a confession of error here, but that is reading into Paul‘s word about the resurrection more than he says. Page considers Luke‘s report meagre and unsatisfactory. Rackham thinks that the trial was already started and that Paul repeated part of his speech of the day before when “the Sadducees received his words with ostentatious scepticism and ridicule: this provoked counter-expressions of sympathy and credulity among the Pharisees.” But all this is inference. We do not have to adopt the Jesuitical principle that the end justifies the means in order to see shrewdness and hard sense in what Paul said and did. Paul knew, of course, that the Sanhedrin was nearly evenly divided between Pharisees and Sadducees, for he himself had been a Pharisee. [source]
This was strictly true as we know from his Epistles (Philemon 3:5). Touching the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question (περι ελπιδος και αναστασεως νεκρων κρινομαι peri elpidos kai anastaseōs nekrōn krinomai). This was true also and this is the point that Paul mentions in Acts 24:21. His failure to mention again the fact that he was a Pharisee throws no discredit on Luke‘s report here. The chief point of difference between Pharisees and Sadducees was precisely this matter of the resurrection. And this was Paul‘s cardinal doctrine as a Christian minister. It was this fact that convinced him that Jesus was the Messiah and was “the very centre of his faith” (Page) and of his preaching. It was not a mere trick for Paul to proclaim this fact here and so divide the Sanhedrin. As a matter of fact, the Pharisees held aloof when the Sadducees persecuted Peter and the other apostles for preaching resurrection in the case of Jesus and even Gamaliel threw cold water on the effort to punish them for it (Acts 5:34-39). So then Paul was really recurring to the original cleavage on this point and was able to score a point against the Sadducees as Gamaliel, his great teacher, had done before him. Besides, “Paul and Pharisaism seem to us such opposite ideas that we often forget that to Paul Christianity was the natural development of Judaism” (Page). Paul shows this in Galatians 3; Romans 9-11. [source]
This was true also and this is the point that Paul mentions in Acts 24:21. His failure to mention again the fact that he was a Pharisee throws no discredit on Luke‘s report here. The chief point of difference between Pharisees and Sadducees was precisely this matter of the resurrection. And this was Paul‘s cardinal doctrine as a Christian minister. It was this fact that convinced him that Jesus was the Messiah and was “the very centre of his faith” (Page) and of his preaching. It was not a mere trick for Paul to proclaim this fact here and so divide the Sanhedrin. As a matter of fact, the Pharisees held aloof when the Sadducees persecuted Peter and the other apostles for preaching resurrection in the case of Jesus and even Gamaliel threw cold water on the effort to punish them for it (Acts 5:34-39). So then Paul was really recurring to the original cleavage on this point and was able to score a point against the Sadducees as Gamaliel, his great teacher, had done before him. Besides, “Paul and Pharisaism seem to us such opposite ideas that we often forget that to Paul Christianity was the natural development of Judaism” (Page). Paul shows this in Galatians 3; Romans 9-11. [source]
Perceiving the impossibility of getting a fair hearing, Paul, with great tact, seeks to bring the two parties of the council into collision with each other. [source]
A main point of contention between the Pharisees and Sadducees, the latter of whom denied the doctrine of the resurrection, of a future state, and of any spiritual existence apart from the body. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 23:6
Of the Sadducean party. This should be constantly kept in mind in reading both John's narrative and that of the Synoptists. The Sadducees, represented by the chief priests, are the leaders in the more decisive measures against Christ. Throughout this Gospel the form of expression is either the chief priests alone, or the chief priests and the Pharisees. The only mention of the Pharisees in the history of the passion is Matthew 27:62, where also the expression is the chief priests and Pharisees. The chief priests are the deadly enemies of Christ (Matthew 26:3, Matthew 26:14). Similarly, in the Acts, the opposition to the Christians is headed by the priests and Sadducees, who represent the same party. In the two instances where the Pharisees appear, they incline to favor the Christians (Acts 5:34; Acts 23:6). [source]
Of the Sadducean party. This should be constantly kept in mind in reading both John's narrative and that of the Synoptists. The Sadducees, represented by the chief priests, are the leaders in the more decisive measures against Christ. Throughout this Gospel the form of expression is either the chief priests alone, or the chief priests and the Pharisees. The only mention of the Pharisees in the history of the passion is Matthew 27:62, where also the expression is the chief priests and Pharisees. The chief priests are the deadly enemies of Christ (Matthew 26:3, Matthew 26:14). Similarly, in the Acts, the opposition to the Christians is headed by the priests and Sadducees, who represent the same party. In the two instances where the Pharisees appear, they incline to favor the Christians (Acts 5:34; Acts 23:6). [source]
Paul has not stretched the truth at all. He has confirmed the claim made before the Sanhedrin that he is a spiritual Pharisee in the truest sense (Acts 23:6). He reasserts his faith in all the law and the prophets, holding to the Messianic hope. A curious “heretic” surely! [source]
The normal Greek idiom with the attributive use of ουτος houtos calls for the article before μιας mias though some inscriptions show it as here (Robertson, Grammar, p. 702). That Genitive of the relative attracted to the case of the antecedent εκεκραχα phōnēs I cried (περι ekekraxa). Reduplicated aorist as is usual with this verb in the lxx (Judges 3:15). Robertson, Grammar, p. 348. -DIVIDER- Touching (κρινομαι peri). Concerning (around, about). I am called in question (επ υμων krinomai). As in Acts 23:6. -DIVIDER- Before you (eph' humōn). Same idiom as in Acts 24:19, Acts 24:20. [source]
Genitive of the relative attracted to the case of the antecedent εκεκραχα phōnēs I cried (περι ekekraxa). Reduplicated aorist as is usual with this verb in the lxx (Judges 3:15). Robertson, Grammar, p. 348. -DIVIDER- Touching (κρινομαι peri). Concerning (around, about). I am called in question (επ υμων krinomai). As in Acts 23:6. -DIVIDER- Before you (eph' humōn). Same idiom as in Acts 24:19, Acts 24:20. [source]
This word Paul had already applied to Christianity (Acts 22:4). He prefers it to “sect” Paul claims Christianity to be the real (whole, catholic) Judaism, not a “sect” of it. But he will show that Christianity is not a deviation from Judaism, but the fulfilment of it (Page) as he has already shown in Galatians 3; Romans 9. So serve I the God of our fathers (ουτως λατρευω τωι πατρωιωι τεωι houtōs latreuō tōi patrōiōi theōi). Paul has not stretched the truth at all. He has confirmed the claim made before the Sanhedrin that he is a spiritual Pharisee in the truest sense (Acts 23:6). He reasserts his faith in all the law and the prophets, holding to the Messianic hope. A curious “heretic” surely! Which these themselves also look for Probably with a gesture towards his accusers. He does not treat them all as Sadducees. See note on Titus 2:13 for similar use of the verb (προσδεχομενοι την μακαριαν ελπιδα prosdechomenoi tēn makarian elpida looking for the happy hope). [source]
An impassioned utterance. See on Luke 18:39; compare John 7:28, John 7:37; Acts 19:28; Acts 23:6. Mostly of an inarticulate cry. “The prophet in awful earnestness, and as with a scream of anguish, cries over Israel” (Morison). [source]
See Acts 23:6; Galatians 1:14. Compare on the whole verse, 2 Corinthians 11:22. [source]
Of Hebrew parents who retained the characteristic qualities in language and custom as distinct from the Hellenistic Jews (Acts 6:1). Paul was from Tarsus and knew Greek as well as Aramaic (Acts 21:40; Acts 22:2) and Hebrew, but he had not become Hellenized. A Pharisee (Παρισαιος Pharisaios). In distinction from the Sadducees (Galatians 1:14) and he continued a Pharisee in many essential matters like the doctrine of the resurrection (Acts 23:6). Cf. 2 Corinthians 11:22. [source]
“I have more ground for boasting than he” and Paul proceeds to prove it in the rest of Phlippians 3:5, Phlippians 3:6. Circumcised the eighth day (περιτομηι οκταημερος peritomēi oktaēmeros). “In circumcision (locative case) an eighth day man.” Use of the ordinal with persons like τεταρταιος tetartaios (John 11:39). Ishmaelites were circumcised in the thirteenth year, proselytes from Gentiles in mature age, Jews on the eighth day (Luke 2:21). Of the stock of Israel Of the original stock, not a proselyte. Benjamin (ενιαμιν Beniamin). Son of the right hand (that is, left-handed), son of Rachel. The first King, Saul (Paul‘s own Hebrew name) was from this little tribe. The battle cry of Israel was “After thee, O Benjamin” (Judges 5:14). A Hebrew of the Hebrews Of Hebrew parents who retained the characteristic qualities in language and custom as distinct from the Hellenistic Jews (Acts 6:1). Paul was from Tarsus and knew Greek as well as Aramaic (Acts 21:40; Acts 22:2) and Hebrew, but he had not become Hellenized. A Pharisee (Παρισαιος Pharisaios). In distinction from the Sadducees (Galatians 1:14) and he continued a Pharisee in many essential matters like the doctrine of the resurrection (Acts 23:6). Cf. 2 Corinthians 11:22. [source]
Of the original stock, not a proselyte. Benjamin (ενιαμιν Beniamin). Son of the right hand (that is, left-handed), son of Rachel. The first King, Saul (Paul‘s own Hebrew name) was from this little tribe. The battle cry of Israel was “After thee, O Benjamin” (Judges 5:14). A Hebrew of the Hebrews Of Hebrew parents who retained the characteristic qualities in language and custom as distinct from the Hellenistic Jews (Acts 6:1). Paul was from Tarsus and knew Greek as well as Aramaic (Acts 21:40; Acts 22:2) and Hebrew, but he had not become Hellenized. A Pharisee (Παρισαιος Pharisaios). In distinction from the Sadducees (Galatians 1:14) and he continued a Pharisee in many essential matters like the doctrine of the resurrection (Acts 23:6). Cf. 2 Corinthians 11:22. [source]
In distinction from the Sadducees (Galatians 1:14) and he continued a Pharisee in many essential matters like the doctrine of the resurrection (Acts 23:6). Cf. 2 Corinthians 11:22. [source]
This precise language in 2 Corinthians 1:3; Ephesians 1:3; and part of it in 2 Corinthians 11:31; Romans 15:6. See John 20:17 for similar language by Jesus.Great (πολυ polu). Much.Begat us again First aorist active articular The Stoics used αναγεννησις anagennēsis for παλινγενεσια palingenesia (Titus 3:5). If ανωτεν anōthen in John 3:3 be taken to mean “again,” the same idea of regeneration is there, and if “from above” it is the new birth, anyhow.Unto a living hope (εις ελπιδα ζωσαν eis elpida zōsan). Peter is fond of the word “living” (present active participle of ζαω zaō) as in 1 Peter 1:23; 1 Peter 2:4, 1 Peter 2:5, 1 Peter 2:24; 1 Peter 4:5, 1 Peter 4:6. The Pharisees cherished the hope of the resurrection (Acts 23:6), but the resurrection of Jesus gave it proof and permanence (1 Corinthians 15:14, 1 Corinthians 15:17). It is no longer a dead hope like dead faith (James 2:17, James 2:26). This revival of hope was wrought “by the resurrection of Jesus Christ” (δια αναστασεως dia anastaseōs). Hope rose up with Christ from the dead, though the disciples (Peter included) were slow at first to believe it. [source]
First aorist active articular The Stoics used αναγεννησις anagennēsis for παλινγενεσια palingenesia (Titus 3:5). If ανωτεν anōthen in John 3:3 be taken to mean “again,” the same idea of regeneration is there, and if “from above” it is the new birth, anyhow.Unto a living hope (εις ελπιδα ζωσαν eis elpida zōsan). Peter is fond of the word “living” (present active participle of ζαω zaō) as in 1 Peter 1:23; 1 Peter 2:4, 1 Peter 2:5, 1 Peter 2:24; 1 Peter 4:5, 1 Peter 4:6. The Pharisees cherished the hope of the resurrection (Acts 23:6), but the resurrection of Jesus gave it proof and permanence (1 Corinthians 15:14, 1 Corinthians 15:17). It is no longer a dead hope like dead faith (James 2:17, James 2:26). This revival of hope was wrought “by the resurrection of Jesus Christ” (δια αναστασεως dia anastaseōs). Hope rose up with Christ from the dead, though the disciples (Peter included) were slow at first to believe it. [source]
Peter is fond of the word “living” (present active participle of ζαω zaō) as in 1 Peter 1:23; 1 Peter 2:4, 1 Peter 2:5, 1 Peter 2:24; 1 Peter 4:5, 1 Peter 4:6. The Pharisees cherished the hope of the resurrection (Acts 23:6), but the resurrection of Jesus gave it proof and permanence (1 Corinthians 15:14, 1 Corinthians 15:17). It is no longer a dead hope like dead faith (James 2:17, James 2:26). This revival of hope was wrought “by the resurrection of Jesus Christ” Hope rose up with Christ from the dead, though the disciples (Peter included) were slow at first to believe it. [source]