KJV: And when the south wind blew softly, supposing that they had obtained their purpose, loosing thence, they sailed close by Crete.
YLT: and a south wind blowing softly, having thought they had obtained their purpose, having lifted anchor, they sailed close by Crete,
Darby: And the south wind blowing gently, supposing that they had gained their object, having weighed anchor they sailed close in shore along Crete.
ASV: And when the south wind blew softly, supposing that they had obtained their purpose, they weighed anchor and sailed along Crete, close in shore.
| Ὑποπνεύσαντος | Having blown gently |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὑποπνέω Sense: to blow underneath. |
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| δὲ | now |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| νότου | a south wind |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: νότος Sense: the south wind. |
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| δόξαντες | having thought |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: δοκέω Sense: to be of opinion, think, suppose. |
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| προθέσεως | purpose |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: πρόθεσις Sense: a setting forth of a thing, placing of it in view, the shewbread. |
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| κεκρατηκέναι | to have obtained |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Infinitive Active Root: κρατέω Sense: to have power, be powerful. |
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| ἄραντες | having weighed [anchor] |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: αἴρω Sense: to raise up, elevate, lift up. |
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| ἆσσον | very near |
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Parse: Adverb Root: ἆσσον Sense: nearer. |
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| παρελέγοντο | they began coasting along |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Plural Root: παραλέγομαι Sense: to sail past, coast along. |
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| τὴν | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Κρήτην | Crete |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: Κρήτη Sense: the largest and most fertile island of the Mediterranean archipelago or Aegean Sea, now the modern Candia. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 27:13
Genitive absolute with aorist active participle of υποπνεω hupopneō old verb to blow under, then to blow gently, here only in N.T. “A south wind having blown gently,” in marked contrast to the violent northwest wind that they had faced so long. They were so sure of the wisdom of their decision that they did not even draw up the small boat attached by a rope to the vessel‘s stern (Acts 27:16). It was only some forty miles to Lutro. [source]
They weighed anchor (αραντες ārantes). First aorist active participle of αιρω airō old verb used in technical sense with τας αγκυρας tas agkuras (anchors) understood as in Thucydides I. 52; II. 23, “having lifted the anchors.” Page takes it simply as “moving.” Sailed along Crete Imperfect middle. See Acts 27:8, “were coasting along Crete.” Close in shore (ασσον āsson). Comparative adverb of αγκι agki near, and so “nearer” to shore. Only here in N.T. [source]
First aorist active participle of αιρω airō old verb used in technical sense with τας αγκυρας tas agkuras (anchors) understood as in Thucydides I. 52; II. 23, “having lifted the anchors.” Page takes it simply as “moving.” [source]
Imperfect middle. See Acts 27:8, “were coasting along Crete.” Close in shore (ασσον āsson). Comparative adverb of αγκι agki near, and so “nearer” to shore. Only here in N.T. [source]
Comparative adverb of αγκι agki near, and so “nearer” to shore. Only here in N.T. [source]
Lit., having taken up. It is the nautical phrase for weighing anchor. So Rev. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 27:13
Imperfect active, picturing the continuous encouragement from Barnabas. With purpose of heart (τηι προτεσει της καρδιας tēi prothesei tēs kardias). Placing before (from προτιτημι prȯtithēmi), old word for set plan as in Acts 27:13; Romans 8:28. The glow of the first enthusiasm might pass as often happens after a revival. Barnabas had a special gift (Acts 4:36) for work like this. Cleave unto the Lord Dative case (locative if εν en is genuine) of κυριος kurios (here Jesus again) after προσεμενειν prosemenein to keep on remaining loyal to (present active infinitive). Persistence was needed in such a pagan city. [source]
Placing before (from προτιτημι prȯtithēmi), old word for set plan as in Acts 27:13; Romans 8:28. The glow of the first enthusiasm might pass as often happens after a revival. Barnabas had a special gift (Acts 4:36) for work like this. [source]
Present middle participle of παραλεγω paralegō to lay beside, not from λεγω legō to collect or λεγω legō to say. Diodorus Siculus uses παραλεγομαι paralegomai in precisely this sense of coasting along, like Latin legere oram. In N.T. only here and Acts 27:13. [source]
“To become masters The smooth water behind the little island enabled them to do this. When they had hoisted it up (ην αραντες hēn ārantes). “Which (the little boat) having hoisted up (αραντες arantes Acts 27:13).” Even so it was “with difficulty” (μολις molis). Perhaps the little boat was waterlogged. Used helps Imperfect middle of χραομαι chraomai with instrumental case. The “helps” were ropes or chains, no doubt. Under-girding the ship (υποζωννυντες το πλοιον hupozōnnuntes to ploion). Present active participle of υποζωννυμι hupozōnnumi Old verb, here only in N.T. Probably cables (υποζωματα hupozōmata) or ropes were used under the hull of the ship laterally or even longitudinally, tightly secured on deck. This “frapping” was more necessary for ancient vessels because of the heavy mast. The little island made it possible to do this also. Lest we be cast upon the Syrtis Final clause after verb of fearing The Syrtis was the name for two quicksands between Carthage and Cyrenaica, this clearly being the Syrtis Major most dangerous because of the sandbanks The wind would drive the ship right into this peril if something were not done. They lowered the gear (χαλασαντες το σκευος chalasantes to skeuos). First aorist active participle of χαλαω chalaō (cf. Luke 5:4 for lowering the nets). Σκευος Skeuos means vessel or gear. They slackened or reduced sail, especially the mainsail, but leaving enough to keep the ship‘s head as close to the wind as was practicable. So were driven Imperfect passive indicative again as in Acts 27:15 with the addition of ουτως houtōs (thus). The ship was now fixed as near to the wind (E N E) as possible (seven points). That would enable the ship to go actually W by N and so avoid the quicksands. J. Smith has shown that, a day being lost around Cauda, the ship going 36 miles in 24 hours in 13 days would make 468 miles. The Island of Malta (Melita) is precisely in that direction (W by N) from Cauda and is 480 miles. Page sees a difficulty about this explanation of the steady drift of the ship in the word διαπερομενον diapheromenon in Acts 27:27, but that was at the end of the drifting and the varied winds could have come then and not before. The whole narrative as explained carefully in Smith‘s Voyage and Shipwreck of St. Paul is a masterpiece of precise and accurate scholarship. A resume of his results appears in my Luke the Historian in the Light of Research. [source]
Genitive absolute again, and for all the world like that fatal south wind in Acts 27:13, but with no bad results this time, though the weather was plainly treacherous at this early season. On the second day This is the classical use of the predicate adjective, “We second day men” as in Luke 24:22; John 11:39; Philemon 3:5 instead of the adverb (Robertson, Grammar, p. 657). To Puteoli (εις Ποτιολους eis Potiolous). It was 182 miles from Rhegium and would require 26 hours (Page). It was eight miles northwest from Neapolis (Naples) and the chief port of Rome, the regular harbour for the Alexandrian ships from Rome. Portions of the great mole are said to be still visible. [source]
Genitive absolute again, and for all the world like that fatal south wind in Acts 27:13, but with no bad results this time, though the weather was plainly treacherous at this early season. [source]
Effective first aorist passive. At that which had happened (τωι συμβεβηκοτι tōi sumbebēkoti). Perfect active participle of συμβαινω sumbainō Acts 3:11 The Codex Bezae adds “as Peter and John went out.” As he held Genitive absolute of krateō to hold fast, with accusative rather than genitive to get hold of (Acts 27:13). Old and common verb from kratos (strength, force). Perhaps out of gratitude and partly from fear (Luke 8:38). In the porch that is called Solomon‘s (epi tēi stoāi tēi kaloumenēi Solomōntos). The adjective Stoic (stoikos) is from this word stoa (porch). It was on the east side of the court of the Gentiles (Josephus, Ant. XX. 9, 7) and was so called because it was built on a remnant of the foundations of the ancient temple. Jesus had once taught here (John 10:23). Greatly wondering Wondering out of Late adjective. Construction according to sense (plural, though laos singular) as in Acts 5:16; Acts 6:7; Acts 11:1, etc. [source]
Genitive absolute of krateō to hold fast, with accusative rather than genitive to get hold of (Acts 27:13). Old and common verb from kratos (strength, force). Perhaps out of gratitude and partly from fear (Luke 8:38). In the porch that is called Solomon‘s (epi tēi stoāi tēi kaloumenēi Solomōntos). The adjective Stoic (stoikos) is from this word stoa (porch). It was on the east side of the court of the Gentiles (Josephus, Ant. XX. 9, 7) and was so called because it was built on a remnant of the foundations of the ancient temple. Jesus had once taught here (John 10:23). Greatly wondering Wondering out of Late adjective. Construction according to sense (plural, though laos singular) as in Acts 5:16; Acts 6:7; Acts 11:1, etc. [source]
Old word, seen already in Acts 27:13 and for “shewbread” in Matthew 12:4. The verb προτιτημι protithēmi Paul uses in Romans 3:24 for God‘s purpose. Paul accepts fully human free agency but behind it all and through it all runs God‘s sovereignty as here and on its gracious side (Romans 9:11; Romans 3:11; 2 Timothy 1:9). [source]
First aorist passive of κληροω klēroō an old word, to assign by lot Purpose (προτεσιν prothesin). Common substantive from προτιτημι protithēmi a setting before as in Acts 11:23; Acts 27:13. [source]
Common substantive from προτιτημι protithēmi a setting before as in Acts 11:23; Acts 27:13. [source]