KJV: Servants, be obedient to them that are your masters according to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in singleness of your heart, as unto Christ;
YLT: The servants! obey the masters according to the flesh with fear and trembling, in the simplicity of your heart, as to the Christ;
Darby: Bondmen, obey masters according to flesh, with fear and trembling, in simplicity of your heart as to the Christ;
ASV: Servants, be obedient unto them that according to the flesh are your masters, with fear and trembling, in singleness of your heart, as unto Christ;
| Οἱ | - |
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Parse: Article, Vocative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| δοῦλοι | Slaves |
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Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Plural Root: δοῦλοσ1 Sense: a slave, bondman, man of servile condition. |
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| ὑπακούετε | obey |
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Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: ὑπακούω Sense: to listen, to harken. |
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| κατὰ | according to |
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Parse: Preposition Root: κατά Sense: down from, through out. |
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| σάρκα | flesh |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: σάρξ Sense: flesh (the soft substance of the living body, which covers the bones and is permeated with blood) of both man and beasts. |
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| κυρίοις | masters |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: κύριος Sense: he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has power of deciding; master, lord. |
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| φόβου | fear |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: φόβος Sense: fear, dread, terror. |
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| τρόμου | trembling |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: τρόμος Sense: a trembling or quaking with fear. |
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| ἁπλότητι | sincerity |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ἁπλότης Sense: singleness, simplicity, sincerity, mental honesty. |
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| τῆς | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| καρδίας | heart |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: καρδία Sense: the heart. |
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| ὑμῶν | of you |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 2nd Person Plural Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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| Χριστῷ | Christ |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: Χριστός Sense: Christ was the Messiah, the Son of God. |
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Greek Commentary for Ephesians 6:5
This addition to Colossians 3:22. [source]
Bond-servants or slaves. In this appeal Paul was addressing a numerous class. In many of the cities of Asia Minor slaves outnumbered freemen. [source]
See on Colossians 3:22. [source]
Regarded in their merely human relation. [source]
See on Philemon 2:12. [source]
See on simplicity, Romans 12:8. [source]
“Common and secular inducements can have but small influence on the mind of a slave.” [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Ephesians 6:5
The heart is, first, the physical organ, the center of the circulation of the blood. Hence, the seat and center of physical life. In the former sense it does not occur in the New Testament. As denoting the vigor and sense of physical life, see Acts 14:17; James 5:5; Luke 21:34. It is used fifty-two times by Paul. Never used like ψυχή , soul, to denote the individual subject of personal life, so that it can be exchanged with the personal pronoun (Acts 2:43; Acts 3:23; Romans 13:1); nor like πνεῦμα spiritto denote the divinely-given principle of life. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- It is the central seat and organ of the personal life ( ψυχή ) of man regarded in and by himself. Hence it is commonly accompanied with the possessive pronouns, my, his, thy, etc. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- Like our heart it denotes the seat of feeling as contrasted with intelligence. 2 Corinthians 2:4; Romans 9:2; Romans 10:1; 2 Corinthians 6:11; Philemon 1:7. But it is not limited to this. It is also the seat of mental action, feeling, thinking, willing. It is used - -DIVIDER- 1. Of intelligence, Romans 1:21; 2 Corinthians 3:15; 2 Corinthians 4:6; Ephesians 1:18. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- 2. Of moral choice, 1 Corinthians 7:37; 2 Corinthians 9:7. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- 3. As giving impulse and character to action, Romans 6:17; Ephesians 6:5; Colossians 3:22; 1 Timothy 1:5; 2 Timothy 2:22. The work of the law is written on the heart, Romans 2:15. The Corinthian Church is inscribed as Christ's epistle on hearts of flesh, 2 Corinthians 3:2-3. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- 4. Specially, it is the seat of the divine Spirit, Galatians 4:6; Romans 5:5; 2 Corinthians 1:22. It is the sphere of His various operations, directing, comforting, establishing, etc., Philemon 4:7; Colossians 3:15; 1 Thessalonians 3:13; 2 Thessalonians 2:17; 2 Thessalonians 3:5. It is the seat of faith, and the organ of spiritual praise, Romans 10:9; Ephesians 5:19; Colossians 3:16. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- It is equivalent to the inner man, Ephesians 3:16, Ephesians 3:17. Its characteristic is being hidden, Romans 2:28, Romans 2:29; Romans 8:27; 1 Corinthians 4:5; 1 Corinthians 14:25. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- It is contrasted with the face, 1 Thessalonians 2:17; 2 Corinthians 5:12; and with the mouth, Romans 10:8. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- [source]
Rather, “I came to you” (not ην ēn was). “I not only eschewed all affectation of cleverness or grandiloquence, but I went to the opposite extreme of diffidence and nervous self-effacement” (Robertson and Plummer). Paul had been in prison in Philippi, driven out of Thessalonica and Beroea, politely bowed out of Athens. It is a human touch to see this shrinking as he faced the hard conditions in Corinth. It is a common feeling of the most effective preachers. Cool complacency is not the mood of the finest preaching. See ποβος phobos (fear) and τρομος tromos (trembling) combined in 2 Corinthians 7:15; Philemon 2:12; Ephesians 6:5. [source]
“Let it not be a care to thee.” Third person singular (impersonal) of μελει melei old verb with dative σοι soi It was usually a fixed condition and a slave could be a good servant of Christ (Colossians 3:22; Ephesians 6:5; Titus 2:9), even with heathen masters. Use it rather (μαλλον χρησαι mallon chrēsai). Make use of what? There is no “it” in the Greek. Shall we supply ελευτεριαι eleutheriāi (instrumental case after χρησαι chrēsai or δουλειαι douleiāi)? Most naturally ελευτεριαι eleutheriāi freedom, from ελευτερος eleutheros just before. In that case ει και ei kai is not taken as although, but και kai goes with δυνασαι dunasai “But if thou canst also become free, the rather use your opportunity for freedom.” On the whole this is probably Paul‘s idea and is in full harmony with the general principle above about mixed marriages with the heathen. Χρησαι Chrēsai is second person singular aorist middle imperative of χραομαι chraomai to use, old and common verb. [source]
A remarkable statement of the complete victory of Titus in spite of a stubborn minority still opposing Paul. With fear and trembling (μετα ποβου και τρομου meta phobou kai tromou). He had brought a stern message (1 Corinthians 5:5) and they had trembled at the words of Titus (cf. Ephesians 6:5; Philemon 2:12). Paul had himself come to the Corinthians at first with a nervous dread (1 Corinthians 2:3). [source]
He had brought a stern message (1 Corinthians 5:5) and they had trembled at the words of Titus (cf. Ephesians 6:5; Philemon 2:12). Paul had himself come to the Corinthians at first with a nervous dread (1 Corinthians 2:3). [source]
Compare 2 Corinthians 7:15; Ephesians 6:5. Not slavish terror, but wholesome, serious caution. “This fear is self-distrust; it is tenderness of conscience; it is vigilance against temptation; it is the fear which inspiration opposes to high-mindedness in the admonition 'be not highminded but fear.' It is taking heed lest we fall; it is a constant apprehension of the deceitfulness of the heart, and of the insidiousness and power of inward corruption. It is the caution and circumspection which timidly shrinks from whatever would offend and dishonor God and the Savior. And these the child of God will feel and exercise the more he rises above the enfeebling, disheartening, distressing influence of the fear which hath torment. Well might Solomon say of such fear, 'happy is the man that feareth alway'” (Wardlaw “On Proverbs,” xxviii., 14). Compare 1 Peter 1:17. [source]
The one Master contrasted with the masters ( κυρίοις ) according to the flesh. The parallel in Ephesians 6:5, has as unto Christ. [source]
Another Pauline word (here only and Ephesians 6:6), elsewhere only in Christian writers after Paul, an easy and expressive compound, service while the master‘s eye was on the slave and no longer. Men-pleasers (αντρωπαρεσκοι anthrōpareskoi). Late compound only in lxx and Paul (here and Ephesians 6:6). In singleness of heart So in Ephesians 6:5. Old and expressive word from απλους haplous (simple, without folds). See 2 Corinthians 11:3. Fearing the Lord (ποβουμενοι τον Κυριον phoboumenoi ton Kurion). Rather than the lords according to the flesh. [source]
So in Ephesians 6:5. Old and expressive word from απλους haplous (simple, without folds). See 2 Corinthians 11:3. Fearing the Lord (ποβουμενοι τον Κυριον phoboumenoi ton Kurion). Rather than the lords according to the flesh. [source]
As slaves Perhaps under heathen masters (1 Peter 2:18). For the slave problem, see also Philemon 1:1; Colossians 3:22; Ephesians 6:5; Titus 2:9. See note on Matthew 11:29 for Christ‘s “yoke” (ζυγον zugon from ζευγνυμι zeugnumi to join). [source]
Note article with the class as with ανδρες andres (1 Peter 3:7), though not with γυναικες gunaikes (1 Peter 3:1). Οικετης Oiketēs old word from οικος oikos (house), means one in the same house with another (Latin domesticus), particularly house servants (slaves) in distinction from the general term δουλος doulos (slave). “Ye domestics.” See similar directions to Christian servants (slaves) in Colossians 3:22-25; Ephesians 6:5-7; 1 Timothy 6:1.; Titus 2:9. Οικετης Oiketēs in N.T. occurs only here, Luke 16:13; Acts 10:7; Romans 14:4. [source]