The Meaning of Hosea 12:11 Explained

Hosea 12:11

KJV: Is there iniquity in Gilead? surely they are vanity: they sacrifice bullocks in Gilgal; yea, their altars are as heaps in the furrows of the fields.

YLT: Surely Gilead is iniquity, Only, vanity they have been, In Gilead bullocks they have sacrificed, Also their altars are as heaps, on the furrows of a field.

Darby: If Gilead is iniquity, surely they are but vanity: they sacrifice bullocks in Gilgal; yea, their altars are as heaps in the furrows of the fields.

ASV: Is Gilead iniquity? they are altogether false; in Gilgal they sacrifice bullocks; yea, their altars are as heaps in the furrows of the field.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

[Is there] iniquity  [in] Gilead?  surely they are vanity:  they sacrifice  bullocks  in Gilgal;  yea, their altars  [are] as heaps  in the furrows  of the fields. 

What does Hosea 12:11 Mean?

Verse Meaning

What was going on in Gilead was an example of Israel"s depravity (cf. Hosea 6:8-9). In Gilgal, too, worthless Israelites were sacrificing bulls, expensive offerings, on numerous altars that they had built there. The use of Gilead, on the west side of the Jordan, and Gilgal, on the east side, did not just represent the whole nation. It also provided a rhetorical parallelism since the two names sound similar (assonance). The number of the pagan altars at Gilgal was as great as the piles of stones that the farmers gathered beside their furrows. These altars would become simply piles of stones. There is a play on the name "Gilgal," which sounds like the Hebrew word gallim, meaning "pile of stones."
The land that Israel occupied had very stony ground, and when farmers plowed they often hit stones that they had to remove from the fields. Evidently they would pile these stones beside their furrows.

Context Summary

Hosea 12:1-14 - Turn To God, Not To Selfish Gain
Though Judah still ruled with God, Hosea 11:12, yet there was grave fault in him, and, like Ephraim, which had been engaging the prophet's thought, he also must come under the rod. But throughout this paragraph there lingers the sweet music of the previous chapter, and especially the reminiscence of Israel's early days, when he had power with the Angel and prevailed. The angel-haunted ideals and resolves of Beth-el could not be forgotten. Tears and weakness are the best arguments with God. He yields to us when we are weak; He yields to our despair. The soul that has been shut up to God and then casts itself at His feet can have what it will. Only beware lest after such an interview with the Angel, you deteriorate into a deceitful trafficker, and allow your God-given power to be reduced to making gain.
Notwithstanding all, God was still willing to call His people to the Feast of Tabernacles, the gladdest of all the feasts in the Hebrew year. But even divine love was thwarted by their inveterate sinning. How wonderfully these ancient prophets conceived of the love of God! The spirit of revelation led them to make declarations that the Cross has more than realized! [source]

Chapter Summary: Hosea 12

1  A reproof of Ephraim, Judah, and Jacob
3  By former favors he exhorts to repentance
7  Ephraim's sins provoke God

What do the individual words in Hosea 12:11 mean?

Though Gilead [has] idols surely vanity They are in Gilgal bulls Though they sacrifice indeed their altars [shall be] heaps in the furrows of the field
אִם־ ؟ גִּלְעָ֥ד אָ֙וֶן֙ אַךְ־ שָׁ֣וְא הָי֔וּ בַּגִּלְגָּ֖ל שְׁוָרִ֣ים זִבֵּ֑חוּ גַּ֤ם מִזְבְּחוֹתָם֙ כְּגַלִּ֔ים עַ֖ל תַּלְמֵ֥י שָׂדָֽי

אִם־  Though 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: אִם  
Sense: if.
؟ גִּלְעָ֥ד  Gilead  [has] 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: גִּלְעָד  
Sense: a mountainous region bounded on the west by the Jordan, on the north by Bashan, on the east by the Arabian plateau, and on the south by Moab and Ammon; sometimes called ‘Mount Gilead’ or the ‘land of Gilead’ or just ‘Gilead’.
אָ֙וֶן֙  idols 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: אָוֶן 
Sense: trouble, wickedness, sorrow.
אַךְ־  surely 
Parse: Adverb
Root: אַךְ  
Sense: indeed, surely (emphatic).
שָׁ֣וְא  vanity 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: שָׁוְא  
Sense: emptiness, vanity, falsehood.
הָי֔וּ  They  are 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person common plural
Root: אֶהְיֶה 
Sense: to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out.
בַּגִּלְגָּ֖ל  in  Gilgal 
Parse: Preposition-b, Article, Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: גִּלְגָּל 
Sense: the first site of an Israelite camp west of the Jordan, east of Jericho, here Samuel was judge, and Saul was made king; later used for illicit worship.
שְׁוָרִ֣ים  bulls 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural
Root: שֹׁור  
Sense: ox, bull, a head of cattle.
זִבֵּ֑חוּ  Though  they  sacrifice 
Parse: Verb, Piel, Perfect, third person common plural
Root: זָבַח  
Sense: to slaughter, kill, sacrifice, slaughter for sacrifice.
גַּ֤ם  indeed 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: גַּם  
Sense: also, even, indeed, moreover, yea.
מִזְבְּחוֹתָם֙  their  altars  [shall  be] 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct, third person masculine plural
Root: מִזְבֵּחַ  
Sense: altar.
כְּגַלִּ֔ים  heaps 
Parse: Preposition-k, Noun, masculine plural
Root: גַּל 
Sense: heap, spring, wave, billow.
תַּלְמֵ֥י  the  furrows 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct
Root: תֶּלֶם  
Sense: furrow.
שָׂדָֽי  of  the  field 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: שָׂדֶה 
Sense: field, land.