The Meaning of Luke 14:19 Explained

Luke 14:19

KJV: And another said, I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to prove them: I pray thee have me excused.

YLT: 'And another said, Five yoke of oxen I bought, and I go on to prove them; I beg of thee, have me excused:

Darby: And another said, I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to prove them; I pray thee hold me for excused.

ASV: And another said, I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to prove them; I pray thee have me excused.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And  another  said,  I have bought  five  yoke  of oxen,  and  I go  to prove  them:  I pray  thee  have  me  excused. 

What does Luke 14:19 Mean?

Context Summary

Luke 14:15-24 - The Slighted Invitation
In this parable the Master anticipated that the Jewish magistrates and leaders would repudiate His invitations, and that they would therefore be extended to the less likely masses to be found in the streets and lanes of the city, and to the Gentiles in the out-lying world. What a prevision is here of the suitableness of the gospel to all the world, and of the ultimate inclusion of all mankind under one roof, John 14:1-2.
The excuses were obviously trumped up and invalid. Men see fields before buying them; try oxen before purchase; and can take their wives where they go themselves, if they wish to do so. They who are acute enough for this world are often slow and careless about the next, though that is the only world which really matters.
If thou art poor, maimed, blind or lame, there is room for thee at God's table; and for thee "a great spoil" shall be divided, Isaiah 33:23. [source]

Chapter Summary: Luke 14

1  Jesus heals the dropsy on the Sabbath;
7  teaches humility;
12  to feast the poor;
15  under the parable of the great supper,
23  shows how worldly minded men shall be shut out of heaven
25  Those who will be his disciples, to bear their cross must make their accounts beforehand,
31  lest with shame they revolt from him afterward;
34  and become altogether unprofitable, like salt that has lost its flavor

Greek Commentary for Luke 14:19

To prove them [δοκιμασαι αυτα]
He could have tested them before buying. The oxen would not run away or be stolen. [source]

Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 14:19

Luke 14:18 To make excuse [παραιτεισται]
This common Greek verb is used in various ways, to ask something from one (Mark 15:6), to deprecate or ask to avert (Hebrews 12:19), to refuse or decline (Acts 25:11), to shun or to avoid (2 Timothy 2:23), to beg pardon or to make excuses for not doing or to beg (Luke 14:18). All these ideas are variations of αιτεω — aiteō to ask in the middle voice with παρα — para in composition.The first (ο πρωτος — ho prōtos). In order of time. There are three of the “many” (“all”), whose excuses are given, each more flimsy than the other.I must needs I have necessity. The land would still be there, a strange “necessity.”Have me excused (εχε με παρηιτημενον — eche me parēitēmenon). An unusual idiom somewhat like the English perfect with the auxiliary “have” and the modern Greek idiom with εχω — echō but certainly not here a Greek periphrasis for παρηιτησο — parēitēso This perfect passive participle is predicate and agrees with με — me See a like idiom in Mark 3:1; Luke 12:19 (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 902f.). The Latin had a similar idiom, habe me excusatum. Same language in Luke 14:19. [source]
Luke 14:18 I must needs [εχω αναγκην]
I have necessity. The land would still be there, a strange “necessity.”Have me excused (εχε με παρηιτημενον — eche me parēitēmenon). An unusual idiom somewhat like the English perfect with the auxiliary “have” and the modern Greek idiom with εχω — echō but certainly not here a Greek periphrasis for παρηιτησο — parēitēso This perfect passive participle is predicate and agrees with με — me See a like idiom in Mark 3:1; Luke 12:19 (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 902f.). The Latin had a similar idiom, habe me excusatum. Same language in Luke 14:19. [source]
Luke 14:18 Have me excused [εχε με παρηιτημενον]
An unusual idiom somewhat like the English perfect with the auxiliary “have” and the modern Greek idiom with εχω — echō but certainly not here a Greek periphrasis for παρηιτησο — parēitēso This perfect passive participle is predicate and agrees with με — me See a like idiom in Mark 3:1; Luke 12:19 (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 902f.). The Latin had a similar idiom, habe me excusatum. Same language in Luke 14:19. [source]
1 Timothy 4:7 Shun [παραιτοῦ]
Comp. 1 Timothy 5:11; 2 Timothy 2:23; Titus 3:10. oP. The primary meaning is to ask as a favor (Mark 15:6; Hebrews 12:19). Mostly in this sense in lxx, as 1 Samuel 20:6, 1 Samuel 20:28. To deprecate; to prevent the consequences of an act by protesting against and disavowing it, as Luke href="/desk/?q=lu+14:18&sr=1">Luke 14:18, Luke 14:19; 4Macc. 11:2. To decline, refuse, avoid, as here, Acts 25:11; Hebrews 12:25. [source]
Hebrews 5:14 For full-grown men [τελειων]
Predicate genitive. The word is for adults, relative perfection Their senses The organs of perception (Stoic term for sense organs) from αιστανομαι — aisthanomai (Luke 9:45), in Plato, Galen, Hippocrates, here only in N.T. Exercised Perfect passive participle of γυμναζω — gumnazō to exercise (naked, γυμνος — gumnos). Galen uses αιστητηρια γεγυμνασμενα — aisthētēria gegumnasmena together after εχω — echō as we have here. For this predicate use of the participle with εχω — echō see Luke 13:6; Luke 14:19. “By reason of use” one gains such skill. To discern “For deciding between” (from διακρινω — diakrinō), old word with ablative καλου τε και κακου — kalou te kai kakou (between good and evil). See 1 Corinthians 12:1; Romans 14:1. [source]

What do the individual words in Luke 14:19 mean?

And another said Yoke of oxen I have bought five I am going to prove them I beg of you hold me excused
Καὶ ἕτερος εἶπεν Ζεύγη βοῶν ἠγόρασα πέντε πορεύομαι δοκιμάσαι αὐτά ἐρωτῶ σε ἔχε με παρῃτημένον

ἕτερος  another 
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular
Root: ἀλλοιόω 
Sense: the other, another, other.
εἶπεν  said 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Root: λέγω  
Sense: to speak, say.
Ζεύγη  Yoke 
Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Plural
Root: ζεῦγος  
Sense: two draught cattle (horses or mules or oxen) yoked together, a pair or yoke of beasts.
βοῶν  of  oxen 
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural
Root: βοῦς  
Sense: an ox, a cow.
ἠγόρασα  I  have  bought 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular
Root: ἀγοράζω  
Sense: to be in the market place, to attend it.
πέντε  five 
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Plural
Root: πέντε  
Sense: five.
πορεύομαι  I  am  going 
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 1st Person Singular
Root: πορεύομαι  
Sense: to lead over, carry over, transfer.
δοκιμάσαι  to  prove 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active
Root: δοκιμάζω 
Sense: to test, examine, prove, scrutinise (to see whether a thing is genuine or not), as metals.
ἐρωτῶ  I  beg  of 
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular
Root: ἐρωτάω  
Sense: to question.
ἔχε  hold 
Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 2nd Person Singular
Root: ἔχω  
Sense: to have, i.e. to hold.
με  me 
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Accusative 1st Person Singular
Root: ἐγώ  
Sense: I, me, my.
παρῃτημένον  excused 
Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Middle or Passive, Accusative Masculine Singular
Root: παραιτέομαι  
Sense: to ask along side, beg to have near one.

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