KJV: But they understood not this saying, and it was hid from them, that they perceived it not: and they feared to ask him of that saying.
YLT: And they were not knowing this saying, and it was veiled from them, that they might not perceive it, and they were afraid to ask him about this saying.
Darby: But they understood not this saying, and it was hid from them that they should not perceive it. And they feared to ask him concerning this saying.
ASV: But they understood not this saying, and it was concealed from them, that they should not perceive it; and they were afraid to ask him about this saying.
οἱ | - |
Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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ἠγνόουν | they understand not |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἀγνοέω Sense: to be ignorant, not to know. |
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ῥῆμα | saying |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ῥῆμα Sense: that which is or has been uttered by the living voice, thing spoken, word. |
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τοῦτο | this |
Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: οὗτος Sense: this. |
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ἦν | it was |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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παρακεκαλυμμένον | veiled |
Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: παρακαλύπτω Sense: to cover over, cover up, hide, conceal. |
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ἵνα | that |
Parse: Conjunction Root: ἵνα Sense: that, in order that, so that. |
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αἴσθωνται | they should understand |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Middle, 3rd Person Plural Root: αἰσθάνομαι Sense: to perceive. |
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ἐφοβοῦντο | they were afraid |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Plural Root: φοβέομαι Sense: to put to flight by terrifying (to scare away). |
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ἐρωτῆσαι | to ask |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active Root: ἐρωτάω Sense: to question. |
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περὶ | concerning |
Parse: Preposition Root: περί Sense: about, concerning, on account of, because of, around, near. |
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ῥήματος | saying |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: ῥῆμα Sense: that which is or has been uttered by the living voice, thing spoken, word. |
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τούτου | this |
Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: οὗτος Sense: this. |
Greek Commentary for Luke 9:45
Periphrastic past perfect of παρακαλυπτω parakaluptō a common verb, but only here in the N.T., to cover up, to hide from. This item only in Luke. [source]
Second aorist middle subjunctive of the common verb αιστανομαι aisthanomai used with ινα μη hina mē negative purpose. This explanation at least relieves the disciples to some extent of full responsibility for their ignorance about the death of Jesus as Mark 9:32 observes, as does Luke here that they were afraid to ask him. Plummer says, “They were not allowed to understand the saying then, in order that they might remember it afterwards, and see that Jesus had met His sufferings with full knowledge and free will.” Perhaps also, if they had fully understood, they might have lacked courage to hold on to the end. But it is a hard problem. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 9:45
An old word. Chiefly in Paul‘s Epistles in the N.T. Imperfect tense. They continued not to understand. They were agnostics on the subject of the death and resurrection even after the Transfiguration experience. As they came down from the mountain they were puzzled again over the Master‘s allusion to his resurrection (Mark 9:10). Matthew 17:23 notes that “they were exceeding sorry” to hear Jesus talk this way again, but Mark adds that they “were afraid to ask him” Continued to be afraid (imperfect tense), perhaps with a bitter memory of the term “Satan” hurled at Peter when he protested the other time when Jesus spoke of his death (Mark 8:33; Matthew 16:23). Luke 9:45 explains that “it was concealed from them,” probably partly by their own preconceived ideas and prejudices. [source]
Present active subjunctive of περισσευω perisseuō may keep on overflowing, a perpetual flood of love, “yet more and more” The delicate spiritual perception (αιστησις aisthēsis old word from αιστανομαι aisthanomai only here in N.T. as the verb only in Luke 9:45 in N.T.) can be cultivated as in αιστητηριον aisthētērion (Hebrews 5:14) [source]
Predicate genitive. The word is for adults, relative perfection Their senses The organs of perception (Stoic term for sense organs) from αιστανομαι aisthanomai (Luke 9:45), in Plato, Galen, Hippocrates, here only in N.T. Exercised Perfect passive participle of γυμναζω gumnazō to exercise (naked, γυμνος gumnos). Galen uses αιστητηρια γεγυμνασμενα aisthētēria gegumnasmena together after εχω echō as we have here. For this predicate use of the participle with εχω echō see Luke 13:6; Luke 14:19. “By reason of use” one gains such skill. To discern “For deciding between” (from διακρινω diakrinō), old word with ablative καλου τε και κακου kalou te kai kakou (between good and evil). See 1 Corinthians 12:1; Romans 14:1. [source]