KJV: And he that taketh not his cross, and followeth after me, is not worthy of me.
YLT: and whoever doth not receive his cross and follow after me, is not worthy of me.
Darby: And he who does not take up his cross and follow after me is not worthy of me.
ASV: And he that doth not take his cross and follow after me, is not worthy of me.
| ὃς | he who |
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Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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| λαμβάνει | takes |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λαμβάνω Sense: to take. |
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| σταυρὸν | cross |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: σταυρός Sense: an upright stake, esp. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ἀκολουθεῖ | follows |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀκολουθέω Sense: to follow one who precedes, join him as his attendant, accompany him. |
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| ὀπίσω | after |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ὀπίσω Sense: back, behind, after, afterwards. |
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| μου | Me |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 1st Person Singular Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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| μου | of Me |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 1st Person Singular Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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| ἄξιος | worthy |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἄξιος Sense: weighing, having weight, having the weight of another thing of like value, worth as much. |
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Greek Commentary for Matthew 10:38
The first mention of cross in Matthew. Criminals were crucified in Jerusalem. It was the custom for the condemned person to carry his own cross as Jesus did till Simon of Cyrene was impressed for that purpose. The Jews had become familiar with crucifixion since the days of Antiochus Epiphanes and one of the Maccabean rulers (Alexander Jannaeus) had crucified 800 Pharisees. It is not certain whether Jesus was thinking of his own coming crucifixion when he used this figure, though possible, perhaps probable. The disciples would hardly think of that outcome unless some of them had remarkable insight. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Matthew 10:38
Pick up at once, aorist tense. This same saying in Matthew 10:38, which see. But pertinent here also in explanation of Christ‘s rebuke to Peter. Christ‘s own cross faces him. Peter had dared to pull Christ away from his destiny. He would do better to face squarely his own cross and to bear it after Jesus. The disciples would be familiar with cross-bearing as a figure of speech by reason of the crucifixion of criminals in Jerusalem. [source]
This familiar figure we have had already (Luke 9:23; Mark 8:34; Matthew 10:38; Matthew 16:24). Each follower has a cross which he must bear as Jesus did his. ασταζω Bastazō is used of cross bearing in the N.T. only here (figuratively) and John 19:17 literally of Jesus. Crucifixion was common enough in Palestine since the days of Antiochus Epiphanes and Alexander Jannaeus. [source]
Often used in the New Testament with the special sense of following as a disciple or partisan. See Matthew 4:20, Matthew 4:22; Matthew 9:9; Mark 1:18; John 8:12. Also with the meaning of cleaving steadfastly to one and conforming to his example. See Matthew 10:38; Matthew 16:24; John 12:26. The verb occurs but once outside of the writings of the Evangelists, 1 Corinthians 10:4. It appears in the noun acolyte, or acolyth, or acolothist, a church-servant ranking next below a subdeacon, whose duty it was to trim the lamps, light the church, prepare the sacramental elements, etc. Under the Byzantine emperors the captain of the emperor's bodyguard was called Acolouthos, or the Follower. See Scott's “Count Robert of Paris.” [source]