KJV: And Jesus went into the temple of God, and cast out all them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves,
YLT: And Jesus entered into the temple of God, and did cast forth all those selling and buying in the temple, and the tables of the money-changers he overturned, and the seats of those selling the doves,
Darby: And Jesus entered into the temple of God, and cast out all that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the money-changers and the seats of those that sold the doves.
ASV: And Jesus entered into the temple of God, and cast out all them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of he money-changers, and the seats of them that sold the doves;
| εἰσῆλθεν | entered |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰσέρχομαι Sense: to go out or come in: to enter. |
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| Ἰησοῦς | Jesus |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰησοῦς Sense: Joshua was the famous captain of the Israelites, Moses’ successor. |
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| εἰς | into |
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Parse: Preposition Root: εἰς Sense: into, unto, to, towards, for, among. |
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| ἱερόν | temple |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ἱερόν Sense: a sacred place, temple. |
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| ἐξέβαλεν | cast out |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἐκβάλλω Sense: to cast out, drive out, to send out. |
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| τοὺς | those |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| πωλοῦντας | selling |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: πωλέω Sense: to barter, to sell. |
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| ἀγοράζοντας | buying |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ἀγοράζω Sense: to be in the market place, to attend it. |
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| ἱερῷ | temple |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Singular Root: ἱερόν Sense: a sacred place, temple. |
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| τραπέζας | tables |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Plural Root: τράπεζα Sense: a table. |
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| τῶν | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| κολλυβιστῶν | money changers |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: κολλυβιστής Sense: a money-changer, banker. |
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| κατέστρεψεν | He overturned |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: καταστρέφω Sense: to turn over, turn under. |
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| καθέδρας | seats |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Plural Root: καθέδρα Sense: a chair, a seat. |
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| τῶν | of those |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| πωλούντων | selling |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: πωλέω Sense: to barter, to sell. |
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| περιστεράς | doves |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Plural Root: περιστερά Sense: a dove. |
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Greek Commentary for Matthew 21:12
Drove out, assumed authority over “the temple of God” (probably correct text with του τεου tou theou though only example of the phrase). John (John 2:14) has a similar incident at the beginning of the ministry of Jesus. It is not impossible that he should repeat it at the close after three years with the same abuses in existence again. It is amazing how short a time the work of reformers lasts. The traffic went on in the court of the Gentiles and to a certain extent was necessary. Here the tables of the money-changers (των κολλυβιστων tōn kollubistōn from κολλυβος kollubos a small coin) were overturned. See note on John 17:24 for the need of the change for the temple tax. The doves were the poor man‘s offering. [source]
From κόλλυβος , the rate of exchange. These changers sat in the temple, in the court of the Gentiles, to change the foreign coins of pilgrims into the shekel of the sanctuary for payment of the annual tribute. See on Matthew 17:24. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Matthew 21:12
Another unclassical word, but used also by Matthew. “Such words as these might naturally find their place in the mongrel Greek of the slaves and freedmen who formed the first congregations of the church in Rome” (Ezra Abbott, Art. “Gospels,” in Encyc. Britannica). See on Matthew 21:12. [source]
Mark is fond of “began.” See note on Matthew 21:12. for discussion of this second cleansing of the temple in its bearing on that in John 2:14. [source]
This same late word in Matthew 21:12 which see for discussion. It occurs in papyri. [source]
Literally, upon a table. This old word τραπεζα trapeza from τετραπεζα tetrapeza It means then any table (Mark 7:28), food on the table (Acts 16:34), feast or banquet (Romans 11:9), table of the money-changers (John 2:15; Mark 11:15; Matthew 21:12), or bank as here. Our word bank is from Old English bench.With interest (συν τοκωι sun tokōi). Not usury, but proper and legal interest. Old word from τικτω tiktō to bring forth. In the N.T. only here and Matthew 25:27.Should have required it Conclusion of second-class condition the condition or apodosis being implied in the participle “coming” (ελτων elthōn), and the previous question. On this technical use of πρασσω prassō (επραχα epraxa) See note on Luke 3:13. [source]
So Mark 11:15 whereas Matthew 21:12 has simply “he cast out.” See Mark and Matthew for discussion of this second cleansing of the temple at the close of the public ministry in relation to the one at the beginning in John 2:14-22. There is nothing gained by accusing John or the Synoptics of a gross chronological blunder. There was abundant time in these three years for all the abuses to be revived. [source]
. This old word τραπεζα trapeza from τετραπεζα tetrapeza It means then any table (Mark 7:28), food on the table (Acts 16:34), feast or banquet (Romans 11:9), table of the money-changers (John 2:15; Mark 11:15; Matthew 21:12), or bank as here. Our word bank is from Old English bench.With interest (συν τοκωι sun tokōi). Not usury, but proper and legal interest. Old word from τικτω tiktō to bring forth. In the N.T. only here and Matthew 25:27.Should have required it Conclusion of second-class condition the condition or apodosis being implied in the participle “coming” (ελτων elthōn), and the previous question. On this technical use of πρασσω prassō (επραχα epraxa) See note on Luke 3:13. [source]
Only here in the New Testament. The kindred noun κέρμα , money, which occurs only in John 2:15, is from κείρω , to cut into bits, and means therefore small coin; “small change,” of which the money-changers would require a large supply. Hence changers of money means, strictly, dealers in small change. Matthew and Mark use λυβιστής (see John 2:15), of which the meaning is substantially the same so far as regards the dealing in small coin; but with the difference that κόλλυβος , the noun from which it is derived, and meaning a small coin, is also used to denote the rate of exchange. This latter word therefore gives a hint of the premium on exchange, which John's word here does not convey. The money-changers opened their stalls in the country towns a month before the feast. By the time of the first arrivals of passover-pilgrims at Jerusalem, the country stalls were closed, and the money-changers sat in the temple (see on Matthew 17:24; see on Matthew 21:12; see on Mark 11:15). John's picture of this incident is more graphic and detailed than those of the Synoptists, who merely state summarily the driving out of the traders and the overthrow of the tables. Compare Matthew 21:12, Matthew 21:13; Mark 11:15-17; Luke 19:45, Luke 19:46. [source]
Present active articular participle of πωλεω pōleō to sell. They were in the Court of the Gentiles within the temple precinct Probably their very presence in his Father‘s house angered Jesus. The Synoptics (Mark 11:15-17; Matthew 21:12.; Luke 19:45.) record a similar incident the day after the Triumphal Entry. If there was only one, it would seem more natural at the close. But why could it not occur at the beginning also? Here it is an obvious protest by Christ at the beginning of his ministry as in the Synoptics it is an indignant outcry against the desecration. The cessation was only temporary in both instances. [source]
Explanation of the reason for asking her. Were gone away Past perfect of απερχομαι aperchomai to go off. They had already gone before she came. To Sychar (John 4:5 and John 4:39). To buy food ινα Hina in purpose clause with first aorist active subjunctive of αγοραζω agorazō old verb from αγορα agora (marketplace). See Matthew 21:12. Τροπη Trophē (nourishment) is old word from τρεπω trephō to nourish (Matthew 3:4). “Victuals” (plural). [source]
Ἑπὶ does not mean here to or for (purpose or object). but indicates the ground on which the unprofitableness of the wordy strife rests. Unprofitable because it works subversion of the hearers. Καταστροφή subversiontransliterated into catastrophe, only here and 2 Peter 2:6. In lxx of the destruction or overthrow of men or cities. Καταστρέφειν tooverturn, Matthew 21:12; Mark 11:15; Acts 15:16, cit. Paul uses καθαίρεσις pullingdown, 2 Corinthians 10:4, 2 Corinthians 10:8; 2 Corinthians 13:10 [source]
Lit. to nothing useful. Ἑπ ' οὐδὲν , oP. He uses εἰς κενόν tono purpose. See 2 Corinthians 6:1; Galatians 2:2; Philemon 2:16; 1 Thessalonians 3:5. Χρήσιμος usefulN.T.oTo the subverting ( ἐπὶ καταστροφῇ ) Ἑπὶ does not mean here to or for (purpose or object). but indicates the ground on which the unprofitableness of the wordy strife rests. Unprofitable because it works subversion of the hearers. Καταστροφή subversiontransliterated into catastrophe, only here and 2 Peter 2:6. In lxx of the destruction or overthrow of men or cities. Καταστρέφειν tooverturn, Matthew 21:12; Mark 11:15; Acts 15:16, cit. Paul uses καθαίρεσις pullingdown, 2 Corinthians 10:4, 2 Corinthians 10:8; 2 Corinthians 13:10 [source]