KJV: That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar.
YLT: that on you may come all the righteous blood being poured out on the earth from the blood of Abel the righteous, unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the sanctuary and the altar:
Darby: so that all righteous blood shed upon the earth should come upon you, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar.
ASV: that upon you may come all the righteous blood shed on the earth, from the blood of Abel the righteous unto the blood of Zachariah son of Barachiah, whom ye slew between the sanctuary and the altar.
ὅπως | so that |
Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅπως Sense: how, that. |
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ἔλθῃ | shall come |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἔρχομαι Sense: to come. |
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ἐφ’ | upon |
Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
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πᾶν | all [the] |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: πᾶς Sense: individually. |
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αἷμα | blood |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: αἷμα Sense: blood. |
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δίκαιον | righteous |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: δίκαιος Sense: righteous, observing divine laws. |
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ἐκχυννόμενον | being poured out |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ἐκχέω Sense: to pour out, shed forth. |
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ἐπὶ | upon |
Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
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γῆς | earth |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: γῆ Sense: arable land. |
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αἵματος | blood |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: αἷμα Sense: blood. |
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Ἅβελ | of Abel |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Ἅβελ Sense: the second son of Adam, murdered by his brother Cain. |
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δικαίου | righteous |
Parse: Adjective, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: δίκαιος Sense: righteous, observing divine laws. |
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Ζαχαρίου | of Zechariah |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Ζαχαρίας Sense: the father of John the Baptist. |
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υἱοῦ | son |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: υἱός Sense: a son. |
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Βαραχίου | of Berekiah |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Βαραχίας Sense: said to be the father of the Zachariah slain in the temple. |
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ὃν | whom |
Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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ἐφονεύσατε | you murdered |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: φονεύω Sense: to kill, slay, murder. |
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μεταξὺ | between |
Parse: Preposition Root: μεταξύ Sense: between. |
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ναοῦ | temple |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ναός Sense: used of the temple at Jerusalem, but only of the sacred edifice (or sanctuary) itself, consisting of the Holy place and the Holy of Holies (in classical Greek it is used of the sanctuary or cell of the temple, where the image of gold was placed which is distinguished from the whole enclosure). |
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θυσιαστηρίου | altar |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: θυσιαστήριον Sense: the altar for slaying and burning of victims used of. |
Greek Commentary for Matthew 23:35
Broadus gives well the various alternatives in understanding and explaining the presence of “son of Barachiah” here which is not in Luke 11:51. The usual explanation is that the reference is to Zachariah the son of Jehoiada the priest who was slain in the court of the temple (2 Chronicles 24:20.). How the words, “son of Barachiah,” got into Matthew we do not know. A half-dozen possibilities can be suggested. In the case of Abel a reckoning for the shedding of his blood was foretold (Genesis 4:10) and the same thing was true of the slaying of Zachariah (2 Chronicles 24:22). [source]
Rev., rightly, sanctuary. See on Matthew 4:5. Zechariah was slain between the temple proper and the altar of burnt-offering, in the priests' court. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Matthew 23:35
Note the past tense, identifying them for the moment with their forefathers. Compare Matthew 23:35, Ye slew. Christ views the Jewish persecutors and bigots, ancient and modern, as a whole, actuated by one spirit, and ascribes to one section what was done by another. [source]
O ἴκου , temple, lit., house, is equivalent to ναοῦ , sanctuary (Rev.), in Matthew 23:35. The altar is the altar of burnt-offering. See on Matthew 4:5; and compare 2 Chronicles 24:18-21. [source]
The blood of Abel is the first shed in the Old Testament (Genesis 4:10), that of Zacharias the last in the O.T. canon which ended with Chronicles (2 Chronicles 24:22). Chronologically the murder of Uriah by Jehoiakim was later (Jeremiah 26:23), but this climax is from Genesis to II Chronicles (the last book in the canon). See note on Matthew 23:35 for discussion of Zachariah as “the son of Barachiah” rather than “the son of Jehoiada.” [source]
Literally, between the altar and the house (Matthew 23:35 has temple, naou). [source]
First aorist middle of εκτινασσω ektinassō old verb, in the N.T. only here as in Acts 13:51 (middle) and Mark 6:11; Matthew 10:15 where active voice occurs of shaking out dust also. Vivid and dramatic picture here like that in Nehemiah 5:13, “undoubtedly a very exasperating gesture” (Ramsay), but Paul was deeply stirred. Your blood be upon your own heads (Το αιμα υμων επι την κεπαλην υμων To haima humōn epi tēn kephalēn humōn). As in Ezekiel 3:18., Ezekiel 33:4, Ezekiel 33:8.; 2 Samuel 1:16. Not as a curse, but “a solemn disclaimer of responsibility” by Paul (Page) as in Acts 20:26. The Jews used this very phrase in assuming responsibility for the blood of Jesus (Matthew 27:25). Cf. Matthew 23:35. I am clean Pure from your blood. Repeats the claim made in previous sentence. Paul had done his duty. From henceforth (απο του νυν apo tou nun). Turning point reached in Corinth. He will devote himself to the Gentiles, though Jews will be converted there also. Elsewhere as in Ephesus (Acts 19:1-10) and in Rome (Acts 28:23-28) Paul will preach also to Jews. [source]
As in Ezekiel 3:18., Ezekiel 33:4, Ezekiel 33:8.; 2 Samuel 1:16. Not as a curse, but “a solemn disclaimer of responsibility” by Paul (Page) as in Acts 20:26. The Jews used this very phrase in assuming responsibility for the blood of Jesus (Matthew 27:25). Cf. Matthew 23:35. [source]
Imperfect passive of εκχυννω ekchunnō (see note on Matthew 23:35), was being shed. [source]
Only here and Matthew 23:35, on which see note. [source]
Abel is called righteous by Christ himself. Matthew 23:35. Comp. 1 John 3:12. See on Romans 1:17. [source]
First aorist active indicative of συνπατεω sunpatheō old verb to have a feeling with, to sympathize with. Them that were in bonds Associative instrumental case, “with the prisoners” (the bound ones). Used of Paul (Ephesians 3:1; 2 Timothy 1:8). Took joyfully First aorist middle (indirect) indicative, “ye received to yourselves with joy.” See Romans 13:1, Romans 13:3; Romans 15:7. The spoiling “The seizing,” “the plundering.” Old word from αρπαζω harpazō See Matthew 23:35. Of your possessions “Of your belongings.” Genitive of the articular present active neuter plural participle of υπαρχω huparchō used as a substantive (cf. υμων humōn genitive) as in Matthew 19:21. That ye yourselves have Infinitive (present active of εχω echō) in indirect discourse after γινωσκοντες ginōskontes (knowing) with the accusative of general reference The predicate nominative αυτοι autoi could have been used agreeing with γινωσκοντες ginōskontes (cf. Romans 1:22). A better possession Common word in the same sense as τα υπαρχοντα ta huparchonta above, in N.T. only here and Acts 2:45. In place of their plundered property they have treasures in heaven (Matthew 6:20). Abiding Present active participle of μενω menō No oppressors (legal or illegal) can rob them of this (Matthew 6:19.). [source]
First aorist passive indicative of ευρισκω heuriskō See Revelation 16:6; Revelation 17:6 for the blood already shed by Rome. Rome “butchered to make a Roman holiday” (Dill, Roman Society, p. 242) not merely gladiators, but prophets and saints from Nero‘s massacre a.d. 64 to Domitian and beyond.Of all that have been slain (παντων των εσπαγμενων pantōn tōn esphagmenōn). Perfect passive articular participle genitive plural of σπαζω sphazō the verb used of the Lamb slain (Revelation 5:9, Revelation 5:12; Revelation 13:8). Cf. Matthew 23:35 about Jerusalem. [source]
Perfect passive articular participle genitive plural of σπαζω sphazō the verb used of the Lamb slain (Revelation 5:9, Revelation 5:12; Revelation 13:8). Cf. Matthew 23:35 about Jerusalem. [source]
Present active indicative of συρω surō old verb, to drag, here alone in the Apocalypse, but see John 21:8.The third part of the stars (το τριτον των αστερων to triton tōn asterōn). Like a great comet is this monster. See Daniel 8:10. Perhaps only the third is meant to soften the picture as in Revelation 8:7.Did cast them Second aorist active indicative. Charles takes this to refer to a war in heaven between the good angels and Satan, with the fall of some angels (Judges 1:6). But John may have in mind the martyrs before Christ (Hebrews 11:32.) and after Christ‘s ascension (Matthew 23:35).Stood (εστηκεν estēken). Imperfect active of a late verb, στηκω stēkō from the perfect εστηκα hestēka of ιστημι histēmi graphic picture of the dragon‘s challenge of the woman who is about to give birth.When she was delivered Indefinite temporal clause with οταν hotan and the second aorist active subjunctive of τικτω tiktō “whenever she gives birth.”That he might devour (ινα καταπαγηι hina kataphagēi). Purpose clause with ινα hina and the second aorist active subjunctive of κατεστιω katesthiō to eat up (down). This is what Pharaoh did to Israel (Exodus 1:15-22; Psalm 85:13; Isaiah 27:1; Isaiah 51:9; Ezekiel 29:3). Precisely so the devil tried to destroy the child Jesus on his birth. [source]
Second aorist active indicative. Charles takes this to refer to a war in heaven between the good angels and Satan, with the fall of some angels (Judges 1:6). But John may have in mind the martyrs before Christ (Hebrews 11:32.) and after Christ‘s ascension (Matthew 23:35).Stood (εστηκεν estēken). Imperfect active of a late verb, στηκω stēkō from the perfect εστηκα hestēka of ιστημι histēmi graphic picture of the dragon‘s challenge of the woman who is about to give birth.When she was delivered Indefinite temporal clause with οταν hotan and the second aorist active subjunctive of τικτω tiktō “whenever she gives birth.”That he might devour (ινα καταπαγηι hina kataphagēi). Purpose clause with ινα hina and the second aorist active subjunctive of κατεστιω katesthiō to eat up (down). This is what Pharaoh did to Israel (Exodus 1:15-22; Psalm 85:13; Isaiah 27:1; Isaiah 51:9; Ezekiel 29:3). Precisely so the devil tried to destroy the child Jesus on his birth. [source]