The Meaning of Proverbs 30:22 Explained

Proverbs 30:22

KJV: For a servant when he reigneth; and a fool when he is filled with meat;

YLT: For a servant when he reigneth, And a fool when he is satisfied with bread,

Darby: Under a servant when he reigneth, and a churl when he is filled with meat;

ASV: For a servant when he is king; And a fool when he is filled with food;

KJV Reverse Interlinear

For a servant  when he reigneth;  and a fool  when he is filled  with meat; 

What does Proverbs 30:22 Mean?

Context Summary

Proverbs 30:18-33 - Lessons From Common Things
We have four more quatrains.
1. There are the four wonders that baffle Agur's understanding. How superficial is our knowledge! How does the eagle mount the air, or the serpent find a hold on the slippery rock, or a ship plow her way across the deep, or a man and woman fall in love by a secret interchange of heart which no one else perceives? And further how can a sinner continue to sin without experiencing remorse?
2. There are four intolerable conditions: a slave in authority, a pampered fool, an ill-assorted marriage, and a slave-girl, like Hagar, preferred to her mistress.
3. There are four kinds of animals which prove that it is possible to be insignificant and yet be wise: the ant, the cony, the locust, and the lizard, r.v.
4. There are four things which give the idea of stateliness in motion: a lion, a greyhound, a he-goat, and a king "against whom there is no rising up." This remarkable collection ends with an exhortation to the repression of anger. Sometimes to refuse to express one's passion is the surest way of killing it. Treat it like a room on fire. Shut door and window, that it may die for want of air. Ask God's holy sunlight to replace the unholy heat of your soul. [source]

Chapter Summary: Proverbs 30

1  Agur's confession of his faith
7  The two points of his prayer
10  The meanest are not to be wronged
11  Four wicked generations
15  Four things insatiable
24  four things exceeding wise
29  Four things stately
32  Wrath is to be prevented

What do the individual words in Proverbs 30:22 mean?

for a servant when he reigns and a fool he is filled with food
תַּֽחַת־ עֶ֭בֶד כִּ֣י יִמְל֑וֹךְ וְ֝נָבָ֗ל יִֽשְׂבַּֽע־ לָֽחֶם

עֶ֭בֶד  a  servant 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: עֶבֶד  
Sense: slave, servant.
יִמְל֑וֹךְ  he  reigns 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: מָלַךְ 
Sense: to be or become king or queen, reign.
וְ֝נָבָ֗ל  and  a  fool 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Adjective, masculine singular
Root: נָבָל  
Sense: foolish, senseless, fool.
יִֽשְׂבַּֽע־  he  is  filled 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׂבַע  
Sense: to be satisfied, be sated, be fulfilled, be surfeited.
לָֽחֶם  with  food 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: לֶחֶם  
Sense: bread, food, grain.