KJV: Having the glory of God: and her light was like unto a stone most precious, even like a jasper stone, clear as crystal;
YLT: having the glory of God, and her light is like a stone most precious, as a jasper stone clear as crystal,
Darby: having the glory of God. Her shining was like a most precious stone, as a crystal-like jasper stone;
ASV: having the glory of God: her light was like unto a stone most precious, as it were a jasper stone, clear as crystal:
| δόξαν | glory |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: δόξα Sense: opinion, judgment, view. |
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| τοῦ | - |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Θεοῦ | of God |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: θεός Sense: a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinities. |
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| φωστὴρ | radiance |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: φωστήρ Sense: that which gives light, an illuminator. |
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| αὐτῆς | of it |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Feminine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ὅμοιος | [was] like |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὅμοιος Sense: like, similar, resembling. |
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| λίθῳ | a stone |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: λίθος Sense: a stone. |
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| τιμιωτάτῳ | most precious |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Masculine Singular, Superlative Root: τίμιος Sense: as of great price, precious. |
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| ὡς | like |
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Parse: Adverb Root: ὡς Sense: as, like, even as, etc. |
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| ἰάσπιδι | jasper |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ἴασπις Sense: jasper, a precious stone of various colours (for some are purple, others blue, others green, and others the colour of brass). |
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| κρυσταλλίζοντι | being clear as crystal |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Dative Masculine Singular Root: κρυσταλλίζω Sense: to be of crystalline brightness and transparency. |
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Greek Commentary for Revelation 21:11
Syntactically this clause goes with Revelation 21:10, the feminine accusative singular participle εχουσαν echousan agreeing with πολιν polin the radiance of the dazzling splendour of God as seen in Isaiah 60:1; Ezekiel 43:5. God‘s very presence is in the Holy City (the Bride). [source]
“Luminary,” late word (in lxx, papyri), in N.T. only here and Philemon 2:15. Christ is the light See both words in Genesis 1:3, Genesis 1:14. “The ‹luminary‘ of the Holy City is her witness to Christ” (Swete).Like unto a stone most precious (ομοιος λιτωι τιμιωτατωι homoios lithōi timiōtatōi). Associative instrumental case after ομοιος homoios Τιμιωτατωι Timiōtatōi is the elative superlative.As it were a jasper stone As in Revelation 4:3, which see.Clear as crystal (κρυσταλλιζοντι krustallizonti). Verb not found elsewhere from κρυσταλλος krustallos (old word, Revelation 4:6; Revelation 22:1), “of crystalline brightness and transparency” (Thayer), “transparent and gleaming as rock-crystal” (Moffatt). [source]
Associative instrumental case after ομοιος homoios Τιμιωτατωι Timiōtatōi is the elative superlative. [source]
As in Revelation 4:3, which see.Clear as crystal (κρυσταλλιζοντι krustallizonti). Verb not found elsewhere from κρυσταλλος krustallos (old word, Revelation 4:6; Revelation 22:1), “of crystalline brightness and transparency” (Thayer), “transparent and gleaming as rock-crystal” (Moffatt). [source]
Verb not found elsewhere from κρυσταλλος krustallos (old word, Revelation 4:6; Revelation 22:1), “of crystalline brightness and transparency” (Thayer), “transparent and gleaming as rock-crystal” (Moffatt). [source]
Not merely divine brightness, but the presence of the God of glory Himself. Compare Exodus 40:34. [source]
Strictly, luminary; that with which the city is illumined, the heavenly Lamb. See Revelation 21:23. The word occurs only here and Philemon 2:15. [source]
See on Revelation 4:3. [source]
Lit., shining like crystal. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Revelation 21:11
Condition of third class A neat turning of the tables on the distinguished audience about Paul‘s Jerusalem reputation before his conversion. After the straitest sect (την ακριβεστατην αιρεσιν tēn akribestatēn hairesin). This is a true superlative (not elative) and one of the three (also αγιωτατος hagiōtatos Judges 1:20, τιμιωτατος timiōtatos Revelation 18:12; Revelation 21:11) superlatives in τατος ̇tatos in the N.T. (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 279f., 670), though common enough in the lxx and the papyri. αιρεσιν Hairesin (choosing) is properly used here with Pharisees (Josephus, Life, 38). Religion From τρησκευω thrēskeuō and this from τρησκος thrēskos (James 1:26), old word for religious worship or discipline, common in the papyri and inscriptions (Moulton and Milligan‘s Vocabulary) for reverent worship, not mere external ritual. In N.T. only here, James 1:26.; Colossians 2:18. I lived a Pharisee (εζησα Παρισαιος ezēsa Pharisaios). Emphatic position. Paul knew the rules of the Pharisees and played the game to the full (Galatians 1:14; Philemon 3:5.). The Talmud makes it plain what the life of a Pharisee was. Paul had become one of the leaders and stars of hope for his sect. [source]
This is a true superlative (not elative) and one of the three (also αγιωτατος hagiōtatos Judges 1:20, τιμιωτατος timiōtatos Revelation 18:12; Revelation 21:11) superlatives in τατος ̇tatos in the N.T. (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 279f., 670), though common enough in the lxx and the papyri. αιρεσιν Hairesin (choosing) is properly used here with Pharisees (Josephus, Life, 38). [source]
Only here and Revelation 21:11, see note. Properly, luminaries. So Rev., in margin. Generally of the heavenly bodies. See Genesis 1:14, Genesis 1:16, Sept. [source]
The last of the twelve stones in the High Priest's breastplate (Exodus 28:20; Exodus 39:13), and the first of the twelve enumerated in the foundation of the New Jerusalem (Revelation 21:19). Also the stone employed in the superstructure of the wall of the Heavenly City (Revelation 21:18). The stone itself was of different colors, the best being purple. According to Revelation 21:11, it represents a crystalline brightness. [source]
John returns, after the parenthesis in Revelation 21:11, to the structure in Revelation 21:10, only to use the accusative εχουσαν echousan as before to agree with πολιν polin but the nominative εχουσα echousa as again with “twelve gates” Πυλων Pulōn is an old word (from πυλη pulē gate) for a large gate as in Luke 16:20 and six times in Rev for the gate tower of a city wall (Revelation 21:12, Revelation 21:13, Revelation 21:15, Revelation 21:21, Revelation 21:25; Revelation 22:14) as in 1 Kings 17:10; Acts 14:13. See Ezekiel 48:31. for these twelve gates, one for each tribe (cf. Revelation 7:1-8). [source]
Or ενδομησις endomēsis elsewhere so far only in Josephus (Ant. XV. 9. 6, a mole or breakwater) and in an inscription (Syll. 583 31), apparently from ενδομεω endomeō to build in, and so the fact of building in. The wall had jasper (Revelation 21:11) built into it. [source]
“With every precious stone.” The list of the twelve stones in Revelation 21:19, Revelation 21:20 has no necessary mystical meaning. “The writer is simply trying to convey the impression of a radiant and superb structure” (Moffatt). The twelve gems do correspond closely (only eight in common) with the twelve stones on the high priest‘s breastplate (Exodus 28:17-20; Exodus 39:10.; Ezekiel 28:13; Isaiah 54:11.). Charles identifies them with the signs of zodiac in reverse order, a needless performance here. See the stones in Revelation 4:3. These foundation stones are visible. For jasper (ιασπις iaspis) see Revelation 4:3; Revelation 21:11, Revelation 21:18; Isaiah 54:12; sapphire (σαππειρος sappheiros) see Exodus 24:10;. Isaiah 54:11 (possibly the λαπις λαζυλι lapis lazuli of Turkestan); chalcedony (χαλκηδων chalkēdōn) we have no other reference in N.T. or lxx (described by Pliny, H.N. XXXIII.21), possibly a green silicate of copper from near Chalcedon; emerald (σμαραγδος smaragdos) here only in N.T., see Revelation 4:3 σμαραγδινος smaragdinos and like it a green stone. [source]
First aorist active indicative of πωτιζω phōtizō to illumine, old verb from πως phōs (Luke 11:36). If the sun and moon did shine, they would give no added light in the presence of the Shekinah Glory of God. See Revelation 21:11 for “the glory of God.” Cf. Revelation 18:1; Revelation 21:3. “Their splendour is simply put to shame by the glory of God Himself” (Charles).And the lamp thereof is the Lamb (και ο λυχνος αυτης το αρνιον kai ho luchnos autēs to arnion). Charles takes ο λυχνος ho luchnos as predicate, “and the Lamb is the lamp thereof.” Bousset thinks that John means to compare Christ to the moon the lesser light (Genesis 1:16), but that contrast is not necessary. Swete sees Christ as the one lamp for all in contrast with the many λυχνιαι luchniai of the churches on earth (Revelation 1:12, Revelation 1:20). “No words could more clearly demonstrate the purely spiritual character of St. John‘s conception of the New Jerusalem” (Swete). [source]
Associative-instrumental case of ιασπις iaspis old word (Persian), used for stones of different colors, one opaque like opal, one translucent (Revelation 21:11, Revelation 21:18., possibly here, only N.T. examples), one a red or yellow stone (Isaiah 54:12). Some even take it for the diamond. Certainly not our cheap modern jasper.A sardius (σαρδιωι sardiōi). Old word, in N.T. only here and Revelation 21:20. The carnelian or other red stone, derived from Sardis (Pliny).Rainbow Old word, in N.T. only here and Revelation 10:1. From Ezekiel 1:28.An emerald (σμαραγδινωι smaragdinōi). Adjective (from σμαραγδος smaragdos Revelation 21:19), of emerald (supply λιτωι lithōi), in associative instrumental case after ομοιος homoios John sees no form for God (Exodus 24:10), but only the brilliant flashing gems. “In the vision the flashing lustre of the ιασπις iaspis and the fiery red of the σαρδ sard are relieved by the halo (ιρις iris) of emerald which encircled the Throne” (Swete). A complete circle. [source]