KJV: Without understanding, covenantbreakers, without natural affection, implacable, unmerciful:
YLT: unintelligent, faithless, without natural affection, implacable, unmerciful;
Darby: void of understanding, faithless, without natural affection, unmerciful;
ASV: without understanding, covenant-breakers, without natural affection, unmerciful:
ἀσυνέτους | foolish |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ἀσύνετος Sense: unintelligent, without understanding, stupid. |
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ἀσυνθέτους | untrustworthy |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ἀσύνθετος Sense: uncompounded, simple. |
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ἀστόργους | heartless |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ἄστοργος Sense: without natural affection, unsociable (Rom :3 marg. |
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ἀνελεήμονας | unmerciful |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ἀνελεήμων Sense: without mercy, merciless. |
Greek Commentary for Romans 1:31
Same word in Romans 1:21. [source]
Another paronomasia or pun. Α A privative and verbal συντετος sunthetos from συντιτημι suntithēmi to put together. Old word, common in lxx (Jer 3:7), men “false to their engagements” (Sanday and Headlam), who treat covenants as “a scrap of paper.” Without natural affection (αστοργους astorgous). Late word, α a privative and στοργη storgē love of kindred. In N.T. only here and 2 Timothy 3:3. Unmerciful From α a privative and ελεημων eleēmōn merciful. Late word, only here in N.T. Some MSS. add ασπονδους aspondous implacable, from 2 Timothy 3:3. It is a terrible picture of the effects of sin on the lives of men and women. The late Dr. R. H. Graves of Canton, China, said that a Chinaman who got hold of this chapter declared that Paul could not have written it, but only a modern missionary who had been to China. It is drawn to the life because Paul knew Pagan Graeco-Roman civilization. [source]
Late word, α a privative and στοργη storgē love of kindred. In N.T. only here and 2 Timothy 3:3. [source]
From α a privative and ελεημων eleēmōn merciful. Late word, only here in N.T. Some MSS. add ασπονδους aspondous implacable, from 2 Timothy 3:3. It is a terrible picture of the effects of sin on the lives of men and women. The late Dr. R. H. Graves of Canton, China, said that a Chinaman who got hold of this chapter declared that Paul could not have written it, but only a modern missionary who had been to China. It is drawn to the life because Paul knew Pagan Graeco-Roman civilization. [source]
Another paronomasia: asynetous asynthetous This feature of style is largely due to the pleasure which all people, and especially Orientals, derive from the assonance of a sentence. Archdeacon Farrar gives a number of illustrations: the Arabic Abel and Kabel (Abel and Cain); Dalut and G'ialut (David and Goliath). A Hindoo constantly adds meaningless rhymes, even to English words, as button-bitten; kettley-bittley. Compare the Prayer-book, holy and wholly; giving and forgiving; changes and chances. Shakespeare, sorted and consorted; in every breath a death. He goes on to argue that these alliterations, in the earliest stages of language, are partly due to a vague belief in the inherent affinities of words (“Language and Languages,” 227). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Romans 1:31
Notice the paronomasia. See on Romans 1:29, Romans 1:31. The dispute on this verse arises over the meanings of συγκρίνοντες , A.V., comparing, and πνευματικοῖς spiritualAs to the latter, whether the reference is to spiritual men, things, or words; as to the former, whether the meaning is adapting, interpreting, proving, or comparing. The principal interpretations are: adapting spiritual words to spiritual things; adapting spiritual things to spiritual men; interpreting spiritual things to spiritual men; interpreting spiritual things by spiritual words. Συγκρίνοντες occurs only here and 2 Corinthians 10:12, where the meaning is clearly compare. In classical Greek the original meaning is to compound, and later, to compare, as in Aristotle and Plutarch, and to interpret, used of dreams, and mainly in Septuagint. See Genesis 40:8. The most satisfactory interpretation is combining spiritual things with spiritual words. After speaking of spiritual things (1 Corinthians 2:11, 1 Corinthians 2:12, 1 Corinthians 2:13), Paul now speaks of the forms in which they are conveyed - spiritual forms or words answering to spiritual matters, and says, we combine spiritual things with spiritual forms of expression. This would not be the case if we uttered the revelations of the Spirit in the speech of human wisdom. [source]
Or savage. N.T.oolxx. Comp. ἀνελεήμονες merciless Romans href="/desk/?q=ro+1:31&sr=1">Romans 1:31. [source]
Only here and Romans 1:31. olxx. See on ἀγάπη love Galatians 5:22, under στέργειν tolove with a natural affection. [source]
Old compound adjective, in N.T. only here and Luke 16:14. See note on 1 Timothy 6:10. Boastful (υπερηπανοι alazones). Old word for empty pretender, in N.T. only here and Romans 1:30. Haughty See also Romans 1:30 for this old word. Railers (γονευσιν απειτεις blasphēmoi). See note on 1 Timothy 1:13. Disobedient to parents See note on Romans 1:30. Unthankful (ανοσιοι acharistoi). Old word, in N.T. only here and Luke 6:35. Unholy See note on 1 Timothy 1:9. Without natural affection (astorgoi). See note on Romans 1:31. [source]
See also Romans 1:30 for this old word. Railers (γονευσιν απειτεις blasphēmoi). See note on 1 Timothy 1:13. Disobedient to parents See note on Romans 1:30. Unthankful (ανοσιοι acharistoi). Old word, in N.T. only here and Luke 6:35. Unholy See note on 1 Timothy 1:9. Without natural affection (astorgoi). See note on Romans 1:31. [source]
See note on Romans 1:30. Unthankful (ανοσιοι acharistoi). Old word, in N.T. only here and Luke 6:35. Unholy See note on 1 Timothy 1:9. Without natural affection (astorgoi). See note on Romans 1:31. [source]
See note on 1 Timothy 1:9. Without natural affection (astorgoi). See note on Romans 1:31. [source]
See note on Romans 1:31. [source]
Truce-breakers. Old word, only here in N.T. though in MSS. in Romans 1:31 (from α a privative and σπονδη spondē a libation). [source]