Greek form of Jonah (Matthew 12:39,40,41 , etc.).



The father of the apostles Peter (John 21:15-17 ) and Andrew; but the reading should be (also in 1:42), as in the Revised Version, "John," instead of Jonas.

(Hebrew: dove)

A Minor Prophet. One of the best sources for information about him is found in 4Kings 14. The home of Jonas is now identified with El Meshed, about five miles northeast of Nazareth, in the tribal territory of Zebulon; thus he belonged to the northern kingdom. The period of his ministry is determined by its connection with the reign of Jeroboam II (783-743 BC), practically coinciding with the era of decline in the Assyrian Empire which came between the two powerful rulers, Adadnirari III (810-782 BC) and Theglathphalasar III (745-728 BC). Consequently we can account for much in Jonas's career: that he could foretell the victories of Jeroboam; that he could speak of the grandeur of Ninive as past; that he could preach to a nation once proud, now crushed.

A book of the Bible, comprising four chapters. Chapters 1,2 relate Jonas's attempt to resist the order of God that he go to preach in Ninive, the capital of Assyria, and the story of his being swallowed by a great fish specially prepared by God. Chapters 3,4 record the accomplishment of his mission and the repentance of Ninive, Jonas is the prophet of God's mercy upon the Gentile nations. The composition of the book was formerly ascribed to the prophet himself, but more recent scholars regard it as written after the destruction of Ninive in 612 BC. Moreover the quotations of psalms in the canticle of Jonas, and the language of the book, which contains Aramaisms, would rather indicate a date about 450 BC. A few Catholic writers have taken the view that the story of Jonas is a parable and was intended to teach certain religious truths, e.g., that man is subject to God, that God in His mercy and goodness calls all men, even pagans, to salvation, etc., but the traditional view, commonly held by Catholics, is that it is a real history. On this point the Church continues the Jewish tradition which has always accepted this book as historic and canonic. Christ Himself proves its authenticity in Matthew 12, when He puts several facts on the same line of truth: Jonas in the whale's belly, the Judgment, the visit of the Queen of Saba to Solomon. The Book of Jonas is used in the Breviary on the Saturday of the fourth week in November, and in the Missal on the Monday in Passion Week. The tenth prophecy on Holy Saturday is taken from Jonas, 3:1-10.

(joh' nuhss) KJV spelling for Jonah in New Testament. See Jonah ; Jona .

JONAS . 1. Esther 9:1 Esther 9:1 = Ezra 10:6 Jehohanan , Nehemiah 12:23 Johanan. 2. Esther 9:23 Esther 9:23 = Ezra 10:23 Eliezer . 3. 2Es 1:39 the prophet Jonah 4:1-11 . See John, No. 6.

1. The Greek form of JONAH,q.v.

2. The father of Peter. John 1:42 ; John 21:15,17 .