The Meaning of 1 Chronicles 18:5 Explained

1 Chronicles 18:5

KJV: And when the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.

YLT: And Aram of Damascus cometh in to give help to Hadarezer king of Zobah, and David smiteth in Aram twenty and two thousand men,

Darby: And the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, and David smote of the Syrians twenty-two thousand men.

ASV: And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succor Hadarezer king of Zobah, David smote of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And when the Syrians  of Damascus  came  to help  Hadarezer  king  of Zobah,  David  slew  of the Syrians  two  and twenty  thousand  men. 

What does 1 Chronicles 18:5 Mean?

Chapter Summary: 1 Chronicles 18

1  David subdues the Philistines and the Moabites
3  He smites Hadarezer and the Syrians
9  Tou sends Hadoram with presents to bless David
11  The presents and the spoil David dedicates to God
13  He put garrisons in Edom
14  David's officers

What do the individual words in 1 Chronicles 18:5 mean?

And when came the Syrians Syrian Damascus to help Hadadezer king of Zobah and killed David of Syria twenty and two thousand men
וַיָּבֹא֙ אֲרַ֣ם דַּרְמֶ֔שֶׂק לַעְז֕וֹר לַהֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר מֶ֣לֶךְ צוֹבָ֑ה וַיַּ֤ךְ דָּוִיד֙ בַּאֲרָ֔ם עֶשְׂרִֽים־ וּשְׁנַ֥יִם אֶ֖לֶף אִֽישׁ

וַיָּבֹא֙  And  when  came 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: בֹּוא 
Sense: to go in, enter, come, go, come in.
אֲרַ֣ם  the  Syrians 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: אֲרָם 
Sense: Aram or Syria the nation.
דַּרְמֶ֔שֶׂק  Syrian  Damascus 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: דּוּמֶּשֶׂק 
Sense: an ancient trading city, capital of Syria, located in the plain east of Hermon, 30 (205 km) miles northeast of Jerusalem.
לַעְז֕וֹר  to  help 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: עָזַר  
Sense: to help, succour, support.
לַהֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר  Hadadezer 
Parse: Preposition-l, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: הֲדַדְעֶזֶר  
Sense: son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David’s army.
מֶ֣לֶךְ  king 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: מֶלֶךְ 
Sense: king.
צוֹבָ֑ה  of  Zobah 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: צֹובָא 
Sense: the name of a portion of Syria which formed a separate kingdom in the times of Saul, David, and Solomon; located northeast of Damascus.
וַיַּ֤ךְ  and  killed 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Hifil, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: נָכָה  
Sense: to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill.
דָּוִיד֙  David 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
בַּאֲרָ֔ם  of  Syria 
Parse: Preposition-b, Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: אֲרָם 
Sense: Aram or Syria the nation.
עֶשְׂרִֽים־  twenty 
Parse: Number, common plural
Root: עֶשְׂרִים  
Sense: twenty, twentieth.
וּשְׁנַ֥יִם  and  two 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Number, md
Root: שְׁנַיִם  
Sense: two.
אֶ֖לֶף  thousand 
Parse: Number, masculine singular
Root: אֶלֶף 
Sense: a thousand.
אִֽישׁ  men 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: אִישׁ 
Sense: man.