KJV: For if the woman be not covered, let her also be shorn: but if it be a shame for a woman to be shorn or shaven, let her be covered.
YLT: for if a woman is not covered -- then let her be shorn, and if it is a shame for a woman to be shorn or shaven -- let her be covered;
Darby: For if a woman be not covered, let her hair also be cut off. But if it be shameful to a woman to have her hair cut off or to be shaved, let her be covered.
ASV: For if a woman is not veiled, let her also be shorn: but if it is a shame to a woman to be shorn or shaven, let her be veiled.
| κατακαλύπτεται | covers her head |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: κατακαλύπτω Sense: to cover up. |
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| γυνή | a woman |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: γυνή Sense: a woman of any age, whether a virgin, or married, or a widow. |
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| καὶ | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| κειράσθω | let her be shorn |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Middle, 3rd Person Singular Root: κείρω Sense: to sheer: a sheep. |
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| εἰ | If [it is] |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: εἰ Sense: if, whether. |
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| δὲ | now |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| αἰσχρὸν | disgraceful |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: αἰσχρός Sense: filthy, baseness, dishonour. |
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| γυναικὶ | to a woman |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: γυνή Sense: a woman of any age, whether a virgin, or married, or a widow. |
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| τὸ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| κείρασθαι | to be shorn |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Middle Root: κείρω Sense: to sheer: a sheep. |
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| ξυρᾶσθαι | to be shaven |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Middle or Passive Root: ξυράω Sense: to shear, shave. |
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| κατακαλυπτέσθω | let her cover her head |
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Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: κατακαλύπτω Sense: to cover up. |
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Greek Commentary for 1 Corinthians 11:6
Aorist middle imperative of κειρω keirō to shear (as sheep). Let her cut her hair close. A single act by the woman. [source]
Condition of first class assumed to be true. Αισχρον Aischron is old adjective from αισχος aischos bareness, disgrace. Clearly Paul uses such strong language because of the effect on a woman‘s reputation in Corinth by such conduct that proclaimed her a lewd woman. Social custom varied in the world then as now, but there was no alternative in Corinth. To be shorn or shaven (το κειρασται και χυρασται to keirasthai kai xurasthai). Articular infinitives subject of copula εστιν estin understood, κειρασται keirasthai first aorist middle, χυρασται xurasthai present middle. Note change in tense. Let her be veiled Present middle imperative of old compound κατακαλυπτω katȧkaluptō here alone in N.T. Let her cover up herself with the veil (down, κατα kata the Greek says, the veil hanging down from the head). [source]
Articular infinitives subject of copula εστιν estin understood, κειρασται keirasthai first aorist middle, χυρασται xurasthai present middle. Note change in tense. [source]
Present middle imperative of old compound κατακαλυπτω katȧkaluptō here alone in N.T. Let her cover up herself with the veil (down, κατα kata the Greek says, the veil hanging down from the head). [source]
To have the hair cut close, or to be entirely shaved as with a razor. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 1 Corinthians 11:6
First aorist middle (direct), old verb, to separate oneself, to bid farewell (Vulgate valefacio), as in Acts 18:21; Mark 6:46. Sailed thence (εχεπλει exeplei). Imperfect active of εκπλεω ekpleō old and common verb, inchoative imperfect, started to sail. Only Priscilla and Aquila are mentioned as his companions though others may have been in the party. Having shorn his head First aorist middle (causative) of κειρω keirō old verb to shear (sheep) and the hair as also in 1 Corinthians 11:6. The participle is masculine and so cannot refer to Priscilla. Aquila comes next to the participle, but since mention of Priscilla and Aquila is parenthetical and the two other participles Imperfect active showing the continuance of the vow up till this time in Cenchreae, the port of Corinth when it expired. It was not a Nazarite vow which could be absolved only in Jerusalem. It is possible that the hair was only polled or trimmed, cut shorter, not “shaved” (κειρασται η χυρασται xuraō as in Acts 21:24) for there is a distinction as both verbs are contrasted in 1 Corinthians 11:6 (keirāsthai ē xurāsthai). It is not clear what sort of a vow Paul had taken nor why he took it. It may have been a thank offering for the outcome at Corinth (Hackett). Paul as a Jew kept up his observance of the ceremonial law, but refused to impose it on the Gentiles. [source]
First aorist middle (causative) of κειρω keirō old verb to shear (sheep) and the hair as also in 1 Corinthians 11:6. The participle is masculine and so cannot refer to Priscilla. Aquila comes next to the participle, but since mention of Priscilla and Aquila is parenthetical and the two other participles Imperfect active showing the continuance of the vow up till this time in Cenchreae, the port of Corinth when it expired. It was not a Nazarite vow which could be absolved only in Jerusalem. It is possible that the hair was only polled or trimmed, cut shorter, not “shaved” (κειρασται η χυρασται xuraō as in Acts 21:24) for there is a distinction as both verbs are contrasted in 1 Corinthians 11:6 (keirāsthai ē xurāsthai). It is not clear what sort of a vow Paul had taken nor why he took it. It may have been a thank offering for the outcome at Corinth (Hackett). Paul as a Jew kept up his observance of the ceremonial law, but refused to impose it on the Gentiles. [source]
And yet one must sometimes speak out, turn on the light, even if to do so is disgraceful (αισχρον aischron like 1 Corinthians 11:6). [source]
Second aorist middle imperative of old verb αποτιτημι apotithēmi to put away, lay aside like old clothes. This metaphor of clothing Paul now uses with several verbs All these (τα παντα ta panta). The whole bunch of filthy rags (anger οργην orgēn wrath τυμον thumon malice κακιαν kakian railing βλασπημιαν blasphēmian shameful speaking αισχρολογιαν aischrologian). See somewhat similar lists of vices in Colossians 3:5; Galatians 5:20; Ephesians 4:29-31. These words have all been discussed except αισχρολογιαν aischrologian an old word for low and obscene speech which occurs here only in the N.T. It is made from αισχρολογος aischrologos (αισχρος aischros as in 1 Corinthians 11:6 and that from αισχος aischos disgrace). Note also the addition of “out of your mouth” (εκ του στοματος υμων ek tou stomatos humōn). The word was used for both abusive and filthy talk and Lightfoot combines both ideas as often happens. Such language should never come out of the mouth of a Christian living the new life in Christ. [source]