KJV: There is no fear in love; but perfect love casteth out fear: because fear hath torment. He that feareth is not made perfect in love.
YLT: fear is not in the love, but the perfect love doth cast out the fear, because the fear hath punishment, and he who is fearing hath not been made perfect in the love;
Darby: There is no fear in love, but perfect love casts out fear; for fear has torment, and he that fears has not been made perfect in love.
ASV: There is no fear in love: but perfect love casteth out fear, because fear hath punishment; and he that feareth is not made perfect in love.
Φόβος | Fear |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: φόβος Sense: fear, dread, terror. |
|
οὐκ | no |
Parse: Adverb Root: οὐ Sense: no, not; in direct questions expecting an affirmative answer. |
|
ἔστιν | there is |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
|
τῇ | - |
Parse: Article, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
|
ἀγάπῃ | love |
Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ἀγάπη Sense: brotherly love, affection, good will, love, benevolence. |
|
ἡ | - |
Parse: Article, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
|
τελεία | perfect |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: τέλειος Sense: brought to its end, finished. |
|
ἀγάπη | love |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ἀγάπη Sense: brotherly love, affection, good will, love, benevolence. |
|
ἔξω | out |
Parse: Adverb Root: ἔξω Sense: without, out of doors. |
|
βάλλει | casts |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: βάλλω Sense: to throw or let go of a thing without caring where it falls. |
|
τὸν | - |
Parse: Article, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
|
φόβον | fear |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: φόβος Sense: fear, dread, terror. |
|
ὅτι | because |
Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅτι Sense: that, because, since. |
|
κόλασιν | punishment |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: κόλασις Sense: correction, punishment, penalty. |
|
ὁ | the [one] |
Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
|
δὲ | now |
Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
|
φοβούμενος | fearing |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: φοβέομαι Sense: to put to flight by terrifying (to scare away). |
|
τετελείωται | has been perfected |
Parse: Verb, Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: τελειόω Sense: to make perfect, complete. |
Greek Commentary for 1 John 4:18
Like a bond-slave (Romans 8:15), not the reverence of a son This kind of dread is the opposite of παρρησια parrēsia (boldness). [source]
There is such a thing, perfect because it has been perfected (1 John 4:12, 1 John 4:17). Cf. James 1:4.Casteth out fear (εχω βαλλει τον ποβον exō ballei ton phobon). “Drives fear out” so that it does not exist in real love. See εκβαλλω εχω ekballō exō in John 6:37; John 9:34.; John 12:31; John 15:6 to turn out-of-doors, a powerful metaphor. Perfect love harbours no suspicion and no dread (1 Corinthians 13:1-13).Hath punishment Old word, in N.T. only here and Matthew 25:46. Τιμωρια Timōria has only the idea of penalty, κολασις kolasis has also that of discipline, while παιδεια paideia has that of chastisement (Hebrews 12:7). The one who still dreads Bengel graphically describes different types of men: “sine timore et amore; cum timore sine amore; cum timore et amore; sine timore cum amore ” [source]
“Drives fear out” so that it does not exist in real love. See εκβαλλω εχω ekballō exō in John 6:37; John 9:34.; John 12:31; John 15:6 to turn out-of-doors, a powerful metaphor. Perfect love harbours no suspicion and no dread (1 Corinthians 13:1-13). [source]
Old word, in N.T. only here and Matthew 25:46. Τιμωρια Timōria has only the idea of penalty, κολασις kolasis has also that of discipline, while παιδεια paideia has that of chastisement (Hebrews 12:7). The one who still dreads Bengel graphically describes different types of men: “sine timore et amore; cum timore sine amore; cum timore et amore; sine timore cum amore ” [source]
Lit., fear is not. It has no existence. The fear is that spoken of in 1 Peter 1:17; Hebrews 12:28; godly fear; filial reverence; not slavish fear, as Romans 8:15. In love, lit., the love, that perfected love of which John has been speaking. [source]
Not perfected, as 1 John 4:17but perfect as the result of having been perfected. Compare Hebrews 5:14; James 1:4; James 3:2. [source]
A strong expression: turneth out of doors. Fear is cast out of the sphere of the fellowship of love. See the phrase in John 6:37; John 9:34, John 9:35; John 12:31; John 15:6. [source]
Torment is a faulty translation. The word means punishment, penalty. It occurs in the New Testament only here and Matthew 25:46. The kindred verb, κολάζομαι topunish, is found Acts 4:21; 2 Peter 2:9. Note the present tense, hath. The punishment is present. Fear by anticipating punishment has it even now. The phrase hath punishment (see on John 16:22) indicates that the punishment is inherent in the fear. Fear carries its own punishment. Augustine, commenting on the expulsion of fear by love, says: “As in sewing, we see the thread passed through by the needle. The needle is first pushed in, but the thread cannot be introduced until the needle is brought out. So fear first occupies the mind, but does not remain permanently, because it entered for the purpose of introducing love.” The words because fear hath punishment are parenthetical. [source]
The A.V. omits and ( δὲ ), which is important as closely connecting this clause with there is no fear in love, etc. That is an abstract statement; this is personal; two modes of stating the same truth. Rev. “and he that feareth.” [source]
“Men's condition is varied; without fear and love; with fear without love; with fear and love; without fear with love” (Bengel). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 1 John 4:18
One of Paul‘s characteristic words (Romans 1:16). Of love (σωπρονισμου agapēs). One of the gifts of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22). “Which drives out fear” (Lock) as in 1 John 4:18. Of discipline Late Koiné{[28928]}š word (from σωπροσυνη sōphronizō to control), self-control, here only in N.T. See note on 1 Timothy 2:9 for sōphrosunē sa120 [source]
One of the gifts of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22). “Which drives out fear” (Lock) as in 1 John 4:18. [source]
Imperfect active of συνεργεω sunergeō old verb for which see Romans 8:28. Followed by associative-instrumental case εργοις ergois Faith cooperated with the deed of offering up Isaac.Was made perfect (ετελειωτη eteleiōthē). First aorist passive indicative of τελειοω teleioō to carry to the end, to complete like love in 1 John 4:18. See James 1:4 for τελειον εργον teleion ergon f0). [source]
First aorist passive indicative of τελειοω teleioō to carry to the end, to complete like love in 1 John 4:18. See James 1:4 for τελειον εργον teleion ergon f0). [source]
To what does this refer? Two explanations are given. (1.) To the following that we may have boldness. So Huther, who argues thus on the ground that 1 John 4:18shows that the drift of the writer's thought is toward the fearlessness of love. According to this, therefore, love has its fulfillment in freeing us from fear, and inspiring us with boldness even in view of the final judgment. (2.) To what precedes, viz., our dwelling in God and He in us. So Westcott: “The fellowship of God with man and of man with God, carries with it the consummation of love.” I prefer the latter, principally on the ground that in such phrases as ἐν τούτῳ inthis, διὰ τοῦτο onthis account, therefore, the pronoun usually refers to something preceding, though more fully developed in what follows. See John 5:16, John 5:18; John 6:65; John 8:47; John 10:17; John 12:18; John 16:15. [source]
Third-class condition with εαν ean and the present active subjunctive, “if we keep on loving one another.”God abideth in us (ο τεος εν ημιν μενει ho theos en hēmin menei). Else we cannot go on loving one another.His love More than merely subjective or objective (1 John 2:5; 1 John 4:9). “Mutual love is a sign of the indwelling of God in men” (Brooke).Is perfected (τετελειωμενη εστιν teteleiōmenē estin). Periphrastic (see usual form τετελειωται teteleiōtai in 1 John 2:5; 1 John 4:17) perfect passive indicative of τελειοω teleioō (cf. 1 John 1:4). See 1 John 4:18 for “perfect love.” [source]
More than merely subjective or objective (1 John 2:5; 1 John 4:9). “Mutual love is a sign of the indwelling of God in men” (Brooke).Is perfected (τετελειωμενη εστιν teteleiōmenē estin). Periphrastic (see usual form τετελειωται teteleiōtai in 1 John 2:5; 1 John 4:17) perfect passive indicative of τελειοω teleioō (cf. 1 John 1:4). See 1 John 4:18 for “perfect love.” [source]
Periphrastic (see usual form τετελειωται teteleiōtai in 1 John 2:5; 1 John 4:17) perfect passive indicative of τελειοω teleioō (cf. 1 John 1:4). See 1 John 4:18 for “perfect love.” [source]