KJV: Likewise, ye younger, submit yourselves unto the elder. Yea, all of you be subject one to another, and be clothed with humility: for God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble.
YLT: In like manner, ye younger, be subject to elders, and all to one another subjecting yourselves; with humble-mindedness clothe yourselves, because God the proud doth resist, but to the humble He doth give grace;
Darby: Likewise ye younger, be subject to the elder, and all of you bind on humility towards one another; for God sets himself against the proud, but to the humble gives grace.
ASV: Likewise, ye younger, be subject unto the elder. Yea, all of you gird yourselves with humility, to serve one another: for God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace to the humble.
| Ὁμοίως | Likewise |
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Parse: Adverb Root: ὁμοίως Sense: likewise, equally, in the same way. |
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| νεώτεροι | younger [ones] |
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Parse: Adjective, Vocative Masculine Plural, Comparative Root: νέος Sense: recently born, young, youthful. |
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| ὑποτάγητε | be subject |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Passive, 2nd Person Plural Root: ὑποτάσσω Sense: to arrange under, to subordinate. |
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| πρεσβυτέροις | to [your] elders |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Masculine Plural, Comparative Root: πρεσβύτερος Sense: elder, of age,. |
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| δὲ | now |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| ἀλλήλοις | one to another |
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Parse: Personal / Reciprocal Pronoun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ἀλλήλων Sense: one another, reciprocally, mutually. |
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| τὴν | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ταπεινοφροσύνην | humility |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ταπεινοφροσύνη Sense: the having a humble opinion of one’s self. |
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| ἐγκομβώσασθε | gird on |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Middle, 2nd Person Plural Root: ἐγκομβόομαι Sense: knot or band by which two things are fastened together, to fasten or gird one’s self. |
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| ὅτι | because |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅτι Sense: that, because, since. |
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| Ὁ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Θεὸς | God |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: θεός Sense: a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinities. |
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| ὑπερηφάνοις | [the] proud |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ὑπερήφανος Sense: showing one’s self above others, overtopping, conspicuous above others, pre-eminent. |
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| ἀντιτάσσεται | opposes |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀντιτάσσω Sense: to range in battle against. |
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| ταπεινοῖς | to [the] humble |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ταπεινός Sense: not rising far from the ground. |
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| δὲ | however |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| δίδωσιν | He gives |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: διδῶ Sense: to give. |
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| χάριν | grace |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: χάρις Sense: grace. |
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Greek Commentary for 1 Peter 5:5
Second aorist passive imperative of υποτασσω hupotassō the elder Dative case. Here the antithesis between younger and elder shows that the word refers to age, not to office as in 1 Peter 5:1. See a like change in meaning in 1 Timothy 5:1, 1 Timothy 5:17. [source]
All ages, sexes, classes.Gird yourselves with humility (την ταπεινοπροσυνην εγκομβωσαστε tēn tapeinophrosunēn egkombōsasthe). First aorist middle imperative of εγκομβοομαι egkomboomai late and rare verb (in Apollodorus, fourth cent. b.c.), here only in N.T., from εν en and κομβος kombos (knot, like the knot of a girdle). Εγκομβωμα Egkombōma was the white scarf or apron of slaves. It is quite probable that Peter here is thinking of what Jesus did (John 13:4.) when he girded himself with a towel and taught the disciples, Peter in particular (John 13:9.), the lesson of humility (John 13:15). Peter had at last learned the lesson (John 21:15-19).The proud Dative plural of υπερηπανος huperēphanos (James 4:6; Romans 1:30) after αντιτασσεται antitassetai (present middle indicative of αντιτασσω antitassō as in James 4:6 (quoted there as here from Proverbs 3:34). [source]
First aorist middle imperative of εγκομβοομαι egkomboomai late and rare verb (in Apollodorus, fourth cent. b.c.), here only in N.T., from εν en and κομβος kombos (knot, like the knot of a girdle). Εγκομβωμα Egkombōma was the white scarf or apron of slaves. It is quite probable that Peter here is thinking of what Jesus did (John 13:4.) when he girded himself with a towel and taught the disciples, Peter in particular (John 13:9.), the lesson of humility (John 13:15). Peter had at last learned the lesson (John 21:15-19). [source]
Dative plural of υπερηπανος huperēphanos (James 4:6; Romans 1:30) after αντιτασσεται antitassetai (present middle indicative of αντιτασσω antitassō as in James 4:6 (quoted there as here from Proverbs 3:34). [source]
The last word is a very peculiar one, occurring only here. It is derived from κόμβος , a roll, band, or girth: a knot or roll of cloth, made in tying or tucking up any part of the dress. The kindred word ἐγκόμβωμα , from which the verb is directly formed, means a slave's apron, under which the loose garments were girt up. Compare Horace's “puer alte cinctus,” a slave girt high. Hence the figure carries an exhortation to put on humility as a working virtue employed in ministry. This is apparent from the evident reminiscence of that scene in which Peter figured so prominently - the washing of the disciples' feet by the Lord, when he girded himself with a towel as a servant, and gave them the lesson of ministry both by word and act. Bengel paraphrases, “Put on and wrap yourselves about with humility, so that the covering of humility cannot possibly be stripped from you.” [source]
A strong and graphic word. Lit., setteth himself in array against, as one draws out a host for battle. Pride calls out God's armies. No wonder, therefore, that it “goeth before destruction.” [source]
See on pride, Mark 7:22. Compare James 4:6. [source]
See on Matthew 11:29. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 1 Peter 5:5
Vivid dramatic present middle indicative of εγειρω egeirō From the couch on which he was reclining. Layeth aside Same dramatic present active of τιτημι tithēmi His garments The outer robe ταλλιτ tallith Jesus had already rebuked the apostles for their strife for precedence at the beginning of the meal (Luke 22:24-30). A towel Latin word linteum, linen cloth, only in this passage in the N.T. Girded himself First aorist active indicative of διαζωννυω diazōnnuō (-υμι umi), old and rare compound (in Plutarch, lxx, inscriptions, and papyri), to gird all around. In N.T. only in John (John 13:4, John 13:5; John 21:7). Did Peter not recall this incident when in 1 Peter 5:5 he exhorts all to “gird yourselves with humility” (την ταπεινοπροσυνην εγκομβωσαστε tēn tapeinophrosunēn egkombōsasthe)? [source]
Implying an organized or concerted resistance. See on resisteth, 1 Peter 5:5. [source]
Genitive absolute with present middle (direct middle again) of αντιτασσω antitassō old verb to range in battle array In the N.T. only here and Romans 13:2; James 4:6; 1 Peter 5:5. Paul‘s fresh activity roused the rabbis as at Antioch in Pisidia and at Thessalonica in concerted opposition and railing (blasphemy). [source]
Lit., setteth himself in array against. See on 1 Peter 5:5; see on Acts 18:6. [source]
The verb occurs only here. It means to go before as a guide. Honor is the honor due from each to all. Compare Philemon 2:3; 1 Peter 2:17; 1 Peter 5:5. Hence, leading the way in showing the honor that is due. Others render antcipating and excelling. [source]
See on 1 Peter 5:5. [source]
Second aorist (ingressive) passive imperative of υποτασσω hupotassō old verb, to range under (military term also). Same form in 1 Peter 2:23; 1 Peter 5:5. With the dative case τεωι theōi (unto God). The aorist has the note of urgency in the imperative. Note the ten aorist imperatives in James 4:7-10 (υποταγητε αντιστητε εγγισατε καταρισατε αγνισατε ταλαιπωρησατε πεντησατε κλαυσατε μετατραπητω ταπεινωτητε hupotagēteαντιστητε δε τωι διαβολωι antistēteαντιστημι eggisateδιαβολωι katharisateπευχεται hagnisateπευγω talaipōrēsatepenthēsateklausatemetatrapētōtapeinōthēte). [source]
Compare 2 Timothy 2:19; and the kindred verb στερεόω , to strengthen (Acts 3:7, Acts 3:16; Acts 16:5). Paul, in Colossians 2:5, uses a cognate noun, στερέωμα , evidently as a military metaphor: “Beholding your order ( τάξιν , compare ἀντιτάσσεται , 1 Peter 5:5) and your solid front or close phalanx ” ( στερέωμα )It might be difficult to find, on the whole, a better rendering than steadfast, yet it falls a little short of the meaning. Steadfast is Anglo-Saxon, stede, a place, andfaest, fast; and hence means firm in its place; but στερεοὶ conveys also the sense of compactness, compact solidity, and is appropriate, since a number of individuals are addressed and exhorted to withstand the onset of Satan as one compacted body. Στερεός implies solidity in the very mass and body of the thing itself; steadfastness, mere holding of place. A rock is στερεός , firm, solid; but a flexible weed with its tough roots resisting all efforts to pull it up, may be steadfast. The exhortation is appropriate from Peter, the Rock. [source]
The Rev., very judiciously, substitutes withstand; resist having been already used in 1 Peter 5:5for ἀντιτάσσεται . Withstand is, moreover, the more accurate rendering; as the verb means rather to be firm against onset than to strive against it. With in withstand is the Saxon wid, against, which appears in the German wider. [source]