The Meaning of 1 Samuel 1:1 Explained

1 Samuel 1:1

KJV: Now there was a certain man of Ramathaimzophim, of mount Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephrathite:

YLT: And there is a certain man of Ramathaim-Zophim, of the hill-country of Ephraim, and his name is Elkanah, son of Jeroham, son of Elihu, son of Tohu, son of Zuph, and Ephrathite,

Darby: And there was a certain man of Ramathaim-zophim, of mount Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephrathite.

ASV: Now there was a certain man of Ramathaim-zophim, of the hill-country of Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite:

KJV Reverse Interlinear

Now there was a certain  man  of Ramathaimzophim,  of mount  Ephraim,  and his name  [was] Elkanah,  the son  of Jeroham,  the son  of Elihu,  the son  of Tohu,  the son  of Zuph,  an Ephrathite: 

What does 1 Samuel 1:1 Mean?

Verse Meaning

First Samuel begins by contrasting Israel"s last two judges (Eli: a failure; and Samuel: a success) and then Israel"s first two kings (Saul: a failure; and David: a success).
The first major section of Samuel sharply contrasts obedience and disobedience to the will of God as God expressed that for Israel in the Mosaic Covenant. This contrast is clear in all seven major sections of1,2Samuel. The events in this section took place during Eli"s40-year judgeship ( 1 Samuel 4:18; 1 Samuel 1144-1104 B.C.). [1] First Samuel overlaps Judges chronologically.

Context Summary

1 Samuel 1:1-11 - Hannah's Prayer And Vow
Elkanah was evidently a kind husband to Hannah; but marriage had suffered from the general relaxation of morals, and the bitter effects of polygamy are illustrated here. Because Hannah was specially loved, Peninnah hated her.
The grief of the childless wife drove Hannah to God. There she found her only resource. When the heart is nigh to breaking, what else can we do than pour out our complaint before the One who is ever ready to hear our cry? We may trust God with our secrets; He will keep sacred our confidence. Elkanah's love may go a long way, but we have for the most part to tread the wine-press alone. After we have eaten and drunk before our friends, "anointing our head and washing our face," that they may not guess what is happening within, we must have a spot where we can unbend and open the sluice-gates of grief. And what place is so good as the Mercy-Seat? We need not vow our vows to bribe God to help us. The gifts of His love are more blessed for Him to give than for us to receive. But out of love we can vow what we will. [source]

Chapter Summary: 1 Samuel 1

1  Elkanah, a Levite, having two wives, worships yearly at Shiloh
4  He cherishes Hannah, though barren, and provoked by Peninnah
9  Hannah in grief prays for a child
12  Eli first rebuking her, afterwards blesses her
19  Hannah, having born Samuel, stays at home till he is weaned
24  She presents him, according to her vow, to the Lord

What do the individual words in 1 Samuel 1:1 mean?

Now there was man a of Ramathaim Zophim of the mountains of Ephraim and his name [was] Elkanah the son of Jeroham of Elihu of Tohu the son of Zuph an Ephraimite
וַיְהִי֩ אִ֨ישׁ אֶחָ֜ד מִן־ הָרָמָתַ֛יִם צוֹפִ֖ים מֵהַ֣ר אֶפְרָ֑יִם וּשְׁמ֡וֹ אֶ֠לְקָנָה בֶּן־ יְרֹחָ֧ם אֱלִיה֛וּא תֹּ֥חוּ בֶן־ צ֖וּף אֶפְרָתִֽי

וַיְהִי֩  Now  there  was 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: אֶהְיֶה 
Sense: to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out.
אִ֨ישׁ  man 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: אִישׁ 
Sense: man.
הָרָמָתַ֛יִם  Ramathaim 
Parse: Article, Proper Noun, feminine singular
צוֹפִ֖ים  Zophim 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: צֹופִים  
Sense: the home place of Samuel located in the hill country of Ephraim.
מֵהַ֣ר  of  the  mountains 
Parse: Preposition-m, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: הַר  
Sense: hill, mountain, hill country, mount.
אֶפְרָ֑יִם  of  Ephraim 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: אֶפְרַיִם  
Sense: second son of Joseph, blessed by him and given preference over first son, Manasseh.
וּשְׁמ֡וֹ  and  his  name  [was] 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, masculine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: שֵׁם  
Sense: name.
אֶ֠לְקָנָה  Elkanah 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: אֶלְקָנָה  
Sense: Samuel’s father.
בֶּן־  the  son 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: בֵּן 
Sense: son, grandson, child, member of a group.
יְרֹחָ֧ם  of  Jeroham 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: יְרֹחָם  
Sense: father of Elkanah and grandfather of Samuel of the house of Kohath.
אֱלִיה֛וּא  of  Elihu 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: אֱלִיהוּ 
Sense: the younger man who rebuked Job and his three friends.
תֹּ֥חוּ  of  Tohu 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: תֹּחוּ  
Sense: Levite, son of Zuph, father of Elihu, and great grandfather of Samuel.
בֶן־  the  son 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: בֵּן 
Sense: son, grandson, child, member of a group.
צ֖וּף  of  Zuph 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: צוּף 
Sense: a Kohathite Levite, ancestor of Elkanah and Samuel.
אֶפְרָתִֽי  an  Ephraimite 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: אֶפְרָתִי  
Sense: an inhabitant or descendant of Ephraim.