The Meaning of 1 Samuel 17:16 Explained

1 Samuel 17:16

KJV: And the Philistine drew near morning and evening, and presented himself forty days.

YLT: And the Philistine draweth nigh, morning and evening, and stationeth himself forty days.

Darby: And the Philistine drew near morning and evening, and presented himself forty days.

ASV: And the Philistine drew near morning and evening, and presented himself forty days.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And the Philistine  drew near  morning  and evening,  and presented  himself forty  days. 

What does 1 Samuel 17:16 Mean?

Context Summary

1 Samuel 17:1-16 - Israel Defied By The Philistine Champion
When their king lost the special consciousness of God's presence and power, the whole kingdom became demoralized, and the Hebrews had the humiliation of hearing in silence a defiant challenge to "the armies of the living God." It looked as if the answer would have to go by default-that Jehovah was a God that could not save. The impotence of the Israelites made Goliath still more defiant. At first he came down from the ranks of his own camp on the southern side of the valley and walked vaingloriously through the level plain between the two hosts; but after forty days had passed, he became bolder and came up the slopes where Israel stood. At his approach they fled in terror. Measuring nine feet, nine inches, covered with mail, and carrying a spear, the head of which weighed eighteen pounds, the giant must have seemed very formidable to the men of Israel. And are there not giants equally determined and terrible that threaten us, in national and individual experience, and find us unable to cope with them? We need David's God and David's faith! [source]

Chapter Summary: 1 Samuel 17

1  The armies of the Israelites and Philistines being ready to battle
4  Goliath challenges a combat
12  David, sent by his father to visit his brothers, takes the challenge
28  Eliab chides him
30  He is brought to Saul
32  shows the reason of his confidence
38  and slays the giant
55  Saul takes notice of David

What do the individual words in 1 Samuel 17:16 mean?

And drew near the Philistine morning and evening and presented himself forty days -
וַיִּגַּ֥שׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם וְהַעֲרֵ֑ב וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֖ב אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יֽוֹם פ

וַיִּגַּ֥שׁ  And  drew  near 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: נָגַשׁ  
Sense: to draw near, approach.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י  the  Philistine 
Parse: Article, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: פְּלִשְׁתִּי  
Sense: an inhabitant of Philistia; descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor (Crete?) to the western seacoast of Canaan.
הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם  morning 
Parse: Verb, Hifil, Infinitive absolute
Root: שָׁכַם  
Sense: to rise or start early.
וְהַעֲרֵ֑ב  and  evening 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Hifil, Infinitive absolute
Root: עָרַב  
Sense: to become evening, grow dark.
וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֖ב  and  presented  himself 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Hitpael, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: יָצַב 
Sense: to place, set, stand, set or station oneself, present oneself.
אַרְבָּעִ֥ים  forty 
Parse: Number, common plural
Root: אַרְבָּעִים  
Sense: forty.
יֽוֹם  days 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: יׄום 
Sense: day, time, year.
פ  - 
Parse: Punctuation

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