The Meaning of 1 Samuel 19:1 Explained

1 Samuel 19:1

KJV: And Saul spake to Jonathan his son, and to all his servants, that they should kill David.

YLT: And Saul speaketh unto Jonathan his son, and unto all his servants, to put David to death,

Darby: And Saul spoke to Jonathan his son, and to all his servants, that they should slay David.

ASV: And Saul spake to Jonathan his son, and to all his servants, that they should slay David. But Jonathan, Saul's son, delighted much in David.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And Saul  spake  to Jonathan  his son,  and to all his servants,  that they should kill  David. 

What does 1 Samuel 19:1 Mean?

Context Summary

1 Samuel 19:1-12 - Noble Intercession Implacable Hate
Not content with exchanging his dress and weapons with his friend, Jonathan pleaded David's cause at court. He had the royal ear and spoke as David's daysman. As he touched upon his brother-in-law's devotion, modesty and courage, the father's heart relented. We must not, however, take Jonathan's interposition as illustrating our Lord's, because Jesus stands for us in the presence of One whose love requires no argument. But learn to abide in "the secret place of the Most High," and hide thyself, until thou hast learned what thou should do, 1 Samuel 19:2.
While Saul's troops were watching the house on the outside, the psalmist was appealing to God as his strength, and hiding in Him as his strong tower. See Psalms 59:9; Psalms 59:17. Wait on God during the hours when your enemy is waiting for you. We must not only pray for God's help, but expect and look out for it. All true waiting must be combined with singing. Sing, persecuted soul, in sure confidence that the glorious deliverance awaiting you is near at hand! Notice that Holy Scripture never conceals and never palliates wrong-doing. It does not excuse "lies of necessity." See Leviticus 19:11; Colossians 3:9. [source]

Chapter Summary: 1 Samuel 19

1  Elkanah, a Levite, having two wives, worships yearly at Shiloh
4  He cherishes Hannah, though barren, and provoked by Peninnah
9  Hannah in grief prays for a child
12  Eli first rebuking her, afterwards blesses her
19  Hannah, having born Samuel, stays at home till he is weaned
24  She presents him, according to her vow, to the Lord

What do the individual words in 1 Samuel 19:1 mean?

And spoke Saul to Jonathan his son and to all his servants that they should kill - David But Jonathan son of Saul delighted in David greatly
וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר שָׁא֗וּל אֶל־ יוֹנָתָ֤ן בְּנוֹ֙ וְאֶל־ כָּל־ עֲבָדָ֔יו לְהָמִ֖ית אֶת־ דָּוִ֑ד וִיהֽוֹנָתָן֙ בֶּן־ שָׁא֔וּל חָפֵ֥ץ בְּדָוִ֖ד מְאֹֽד

וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר  And  spoke 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Piel, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: דָּבַר 
Sense: to speak, declare, converse, command, promise, warn, threaten, sing.
שָׁא֗וּל  Saul 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: שָׁאוּל  
Sense: a Benjamite, son of Kish, and the st king of Israel.
יוֹנָתָ֤ן  Jonathan 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: יׄונָתָן  
Sense: a son of king Saul and a friend of David.
בְּנוֹ֙  his  son 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: בֵּן 
Sense: son, grandson, child, member of a group.
וְאֶל־  and  to 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition
Root: אֶל  
Sense: to, toward, unto (of motion).
עֲבָדָ֔יו  his  servants 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct, third person masculine singular
Root: עֶבֶד  
Sense: slave, servant.
לְהָמִ֖ית  that  they  should  kill 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Hifil, Infinitive construct
Root: מוּת  
Sense: to die, kill, have one executed.
אֶת־  - 
Parse: Direct object marker
Root: אֹות 
Sense: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative.
דָּוִ֑ד  David 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
וִיהֽוֹנָתָן֙  But  Jonathan 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: יׄונָתָן  
Sense: a son of king Saul and a friend of David.
בֶּן־  son 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: בֵּן 
Sense: son, grandson, child, member of a group.
שָׁא֔וּל  of  Saul 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: שָׁאוּל  
Sense: a Benjamite, son of Kish, and the st king of Israel.
חָפֵ֥ץ  delighted 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: חָפֵץ 
Sense: to delight in, take pleasure in, desire, be pleased with.
בְּדָוִ֖ד  in  David 
Parse: Preposition-b, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
מְאֹֽד  greatly 
Parse: Adverb
Root: מְאֹד  
Sense: exceedingly, much subst.

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