The Meaning of 1 Samuel 21:2 Explained

1 Samuel 21:2

KJV: And David said unto Ahimelech the priest, The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me, Let no man know any thing of the business whereabout I send thee, and what I have commanded thee: and I have appointed my servants to such and such a place.

YLT: And David saith to Ahimelech the priest, 'The king hath commanded me a matter, and he saith unto me, Let no man know anything of the matter about which I am sending thee, and which I have commanded thee; and the young men I have caused to know at such and such a place;

Darby: And David said to Ahimelech the priest, The king has commanded me a business, and has said to me, Let no man know anything of the business whereon I send thee, and what I have commanded thee; and I have directed the young men to such and such a place.

ASV: And David said unto Ahimelech the priest, The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me, Let no man know anything of the business whereabout I send thee, and what I have commanded thee: and I have appointed the young men to such and such a place.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And David  said  unto Ahimelech  the priest,  The king  hath commanded  me a business,  and hath said  unto me, Let no man  know  any thing  of the business  whereabout I send  thee, and what I have commanded  thee: and I have appointed  [my] servants  to such  and such  a place. 

What does 1 Samuel 21:2 Mean?

Context Summary

1 Samuel 21:1-15 - Food And Weapon: A Side Step
David fled to Nob, at the north of the Mount of Olives, where Ahimelech presided over the relics of the ancient sanctuary. His suspicions were removed by an evasion on David's part, which he must have regretted to the end of his life. If we are right with God and know ourselves to be on the predestined path, we need not resort to deceit nor subterfuge-if we adopt such means, the results are likely to be disastrous to ourselves and others, our innocent fellow-sufferers.
It was the Sabbath day, for the show-bread had just been removed from the table, Leviticus 24:8. This was the perquisite of the priest, but, in subordinating the ceremonial to the urgency of human need, Ahimelech acted in strict harmony with the spirit of the Mosaic legislation. This is the distinct teaching of Mark 2:25, and of our Lord's insistence on his right to heal on the Sabbath day. Read Psalms 34:1-22; Psalms 56:1-13 with the closing paragraph of 1 Samuel 21:1-15. David's behavior was unworthy, yet, in his heart, he was hiding in God. We must not judge by appearances, but with discerning judgment. There is a large measure of humanity in all God's saints. [source]

Chapter Summary: 1 Samuel 21

1  David at Nob obtains Ahimelech's hallowed bread
7  Doeg is present
8  David takes Goliath's sword
10  David at Gath feigns himself insane

What do the individual words in 1 Samuel 21:2 mean?

Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech the priest and was afraid when he met David and said to him why [are] you alone and one no is with you
וַיָּבֹ֤א דָוִד֙ נֹ֔בֶה אֶל־ אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ הַכֹּהֵ֑ן וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֗ד וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ מַדּ֤וּעַ אַתָּה֙ לְבַדֶּ֔ךָ וְאִ֖ישׁ אֵ֥ין אִתָּֽךְ

וַיָּבֹ֤א  Then  came 
Parse:
Root: בֹּוא 
Sense: to go in, enter, come, go, come in.
דָוִד֙  David 
Parse:
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
נֹ֔בֶה  to  Nob 
Parse:
Root: נׄב  
Sense: a priestly city in the Benjamin situated on some eminence north but near Jerusalem.
אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ  Ahimelech 
Parse:
Root: אֲחִימֶלֶךְ  
Sense: a priest murdered by Doeg at Saul’s command, for supposedly assisting David.
הַכֹּהֵ֑ן  the  priest 
Parse:
Root: כֹּהֵן  
Sense: priest, principal officer or chief ruler.
וַיֶּחֱרַ֨ד  and  was  afraid 
Parse:
Root: חָרַד  
Sense: to tremble, quake, move about, be afraid, be startled, be terrified.
לִקְרַ֣את  when  he  met 
Parse:
Root: קָרָא  
Sense: to encounter, befall, meet.
דָּוִ֗ד  David 
Parse:
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר  and  said 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: אָמַר 
Sense: to say, speak, utter.
לוֹ֙  to  him 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
מַדּ֤וּעַ  why  [are] 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular, third person feminine singular
Root: מַדּוּעַ  
Sense: why?, on what account?, wherefore?.
לְבַדֶּ֔ךָ  alone 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: בַּד 
Sense: alone, by itself, besides, a part, separation, being alone.
וְאִ֖ישׁ  and  one 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: אִישׁ 
Sense: man.
אֵ֥ין  no  is 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: אַיִן 
Sense: nothing, not, nought n.
אִתָּֽךְ  with  you 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: אֵת 
Sense: with, near, together with.