The Meaning of 2 Chronicles 12:2 Explained

2 Chronicles 12:2

KJV: And it came to pass, that in the fifth year of king Rehoboam Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem, because they had transgressed against the LORD,

YLT: And it cometh to pass, in the fifth year of king Rehoboam, come up hath Shishak king of Egypt against Jerusalem -- because they trespassed against Jehovah --

Darby: And it came to pass in the fifth year of king Rehoboam, because they had transgressed against Jehovah, that Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem,

ASV: And it came to pass in the fifth year of king Rehoboam, that Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem, because they had trespassed against Jehovah,

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And it came to pass, [that] in the fifth  year  of king  Rehoboam  Shishak  king  of Egypt  came up  against Jerusalem,  because they had transgressed  against the LORD, 

What does 2 Chronicles 12:2 Mean?

Chapter Summary: 2 Chronicles 12

1  Rehoboam, forsaking the Lord, is punished by Shishak
5  He and the princes, repenting at the preaching of Shemaiah,
7  are delivered from destruction, but not from spoil
13  The reign and death of Rehoboam

What do the individual words in 2 Chronicles 12:2 mean?

And it came to pass in the year fifth of King Rehoboam [that] came up Shishak king of Egypt against Jerusalem because they had transgressed against Yahweh
וַיְהִ֞י בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה הַֽחֲמִישִׁית֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ רְחַבְעָ֔ם עָלָ֛ה שִׁישַׁ֥ק מֶֽלֶךְ־ מִצְרַ֖יִם עַל־ יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם כִּ֥י מָעֲל֖וּ בַּיהוָֽה

וַיְהִ֞י  And  it  came  to  pass 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: אֶהְיֶה 
Sense: to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out.
בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה  in  the  year 
Parse: Preposition-b, Article, Noun, feminine singular
Root: שָׁנָה  
Sense: year.
הַֽחֲמִישִׁית֙  fifth 
Parse: Article, Number, ordinal feminine singular
Root: חֲמִישִׁי  
Sense: ordinal number, 5th.
לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ  of  King 
Parse: Preposition-l, Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: מֶלֶךְ 
Sense: king.
רְחַבְעָ֔ם  Rehoboam 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: רְחַבְעָם  
Sense: son of Solomon and the st king of Judah after the split up of the kingdom of Israel.
עָלָ֛ה  [that]  came  up 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: סָלַק 
Sense: to go up, ascend, climb.
שִׁישַׁ֥ק  Shishak 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: שׁוּשַׁק 
Sense: king of Egypt, Sheshonk I, st king of the Bubastite 22nd dynasty; ruled in Egypt during the reigns of Solomon and Rehoboam and attacked the southern kingdom under Rehoboam and apparently made it tributary.
מֶֽלֶךְ־  king 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: מֶלֶךְ 
Sense: king.
מִצְרַ֖יִם  of  Egypt 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: מִצְרַיִם  
Sense: a country at the northeastern section of Africa, adjacent to Palestine, and through which the Nile flows adj Egyptians = “double straits”.
עַל־  against 
Parse: Preposition
Root: עַל 
Sense: upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against.
יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם  Jerusalem 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: יְרוּשָׁלַםִ  
Sense: the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split.
כִּ֥י  because 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: כִּי 
Sense: that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since.
מָעֲל֖וּ  they  had  transgressed 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person common plural
Root: מָעַל  
Sense: to act unfaithfully, act treacherously, transgress, commit a trespass.
בַּיהוָֽה  against  Yahweh 
Parse: Preposition-b, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: יהוה 
Sense: the proper name of the one true God.