The Meaning of 2 Corinthians 5:14 Explained

2 Corinthians 5:14

KJV: For the love of Christ constraineth us; because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead:

YLT: for the love of the Christ doth constrain us, having judged thus: that if one for all died, then the whole died,

Darby: For the love of the Christ constrains us, having judged this: that one died for all, then all have died;

ASV: For the love of Christ constraineth us; because we thus judge, that one died for all, therefore all died;

KJV Reverse Interlinear

For  the love  of Christ  constraineth  us;  because we thus  judge,  that  if  one  died  for  all,  then  were  all  dead: 

What does 2 Corinthians 5:14 Mean?

Context Summary

2 Corinthians 5:11-19 - Constrained By The Love Of Christ
It was of small importance in Paul's eyes what his critics thought of him. He desired only to please his supreme Lord, whether he lived or died, was considered cold and staid or hot and impassioned. He was overmastered by his love of Christ. This may have been the sense of Christ's love to his unworthy self, or the emotion that burned in his soul toward Christ, or the very love of Christ received into his heart, as a tiny creek on the shore receives the pulse of the ocean tide.
The Apostle had arrived at the deliberate conclusion and judgment that the "all" who realized what Christ had done for them (and he among them) must live with as much devotion toward Him as others toward themselves. A new world had been opened by Christ's resurrection. All things had become new. Let us live in daily touch with that world of faith and glory, refusing to be judged by the old standards. It is clear that the reconciliation of the world is as complete as God can make it, but it is for us to urge men to fall in with and accept God's proposals. [source]

Chapter Summary: 2 Corinthians 5

1  That in his assured hope of immortal glory,
9  and in expectation of it, he labors to keep a good conscience;
12  not that he may boast of himself,
14  but as one that, having received life from Christ,
17  endeavors to live as a new creature to Christ only,
18  and by his ministry of reconciliation, to reconcile others also in Christ to God

Greek Commentary for 2 Corinthians 5:14

The love of Christ [η αγαπη του Χριστου]
Subjective genitive, Christ‘s love for Paul as shown by 2 Corinthians 5:15. [source]
Constraineth us [συνεχει ημας]
Old and common verb, to hold together, to press the ears together (Acts 7:57), to press on every side (Luke 8:45), to hold fast (Luke 22:63), to hold oneself to (Acts 18:5), to be pressed (passive, Luke 12:50; Philemon 1:23). So here Paul‘s conception of Christ‘s love for him holds him together to his task whatever men think or say. Judging this (κριναντας τουτο — krinantas touto). Having reached this conclusion, ever since his conversion (Galatians 1:17.). One died for all This is the central tenet in Paul‘s theology and Christology. υπερ — Huper (over) here is used in the sense of substitution as in John 11:50; Galatians 3:13, death in behalf so that the rest will not have to die. This use of υπερ — huper is common in the papyri (Robertson, Grammar, p. 631). In fact, υπερ — huper in this sense is more usual in Greek than αντι προ — antiαρα οι παντες απετανον — pro or any other preposition. Therefore all died (αρα — ara hoi pantes apethanon). Logical conclusion (ara corresponding), the one died for the all and so the all died when he did, all the spiritual death possible for those for whom Christ died. This is Paul‘s gospel, clear-cut, our hope today. [source]
Judging this [κριναντας τουτο]
Having reached this conclusion, ever since his conversion (Galatians 1:17.). [source]
One died for all [εις υπερ παντων απετανεν]
This is the central tenet in Paul‘s theology and Christology. υπερ — Huper (over) here is used in the sense of substitution as in John 11:50; Galatians 3:13, death in behalf so that the rest will not have to die. This use of υπερ — huper is common in the papyri (Robertson, Grammar, p. 631). In fact, υπερ — huper in this sense is more usual in Greek than αντι προ — antiαρα οι παντες απετανον — pro or any other preposition. Therefore all died (αρα — ara hoi pantes apethanon). Logical conclusion (ara corresponding), the one died for the all and so the all died when he did, all the spiritual death possible for those for whom Christ died. This is Paul‘s gospel, clear-cut, our hope today. [source]
Therefore all died [αρα]
Logical conclusion (ara corresponding), the one died for the all and so the all died when he did, all the spiritual death possible for those for whom Christ died. This is Paul‘s gospel, clear-cut, our hope today. [source]
The love of Christ []
Christ's love to men. See on 1 John 2:5. [source]
Constraineth [συνέχει]
See on taken, Luke 4:38; see on Acts 18:5. It is the word rendered I am in a strait, Philemon 1:23. Compare Luke 12:50. The idea is not urging or driving, but shutting up to one line and purpose, as in a narrow, walled road. [source]

Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 2 Corinthians 5:14

Luke 4:38 Taken [συνεχομένη]
Rev., holden. So Wyc. See on Matthew 4:24. The word is used nine times by Luke, and only three times elsewhere. Paul uses it of the constraining of Christ's love (2 Corinthians 5:14), and of being in a strait (Philemon 1:23). In Acts 28:8, it is joined with fever, as here, and is a common medical term in the same sense. [source]
Luke 12:50 Am I straitened []
See on Luke 4:38, and compare 2 Corinthians 5:14; Philemon 1:23. Wyc., constrained. [source]
Luke 4:38 Into the house of Simon [εις την οικιαν Σιμωνος]
“Peter‘s house” (Matthew 8:14). “The house of Simon and Andrew” (Mark 1:29). Paul‘s reference to Peter‘s wife (1 Corinthians 9:5) is pertinent. They lived together in Capernaum. This house came also to be the Capernaum home of Jesus.Simon‘s wife‘s mother (πεντερα του Σιμωνος — penthera tou Simōnos). The word πεντερα — penthera for mother-in-law is old and well established in usage. Besides the parallel passages (Mark 1:30; Matthew 8:14; Luke 4:38) it occurs in the N.T. only in Luke 12:53. The corresponding word πεντερος — pentheros father-in-law, occurs in John 18:13 alone in the N.T.Was holden with a great fever Periphrastic imperfect passive, the analytical tense accenting the continuous fever, perhaps chronic and certainly severe. Luke employs this verb nine times and only three others in the N.T. (Matthew 4:24 passive with diseases here; 2 Corinthians 5:14 active; Philemon 1:23 passive). In Acts 28:8 the passive “with dysentery” is like the construction here and is a common one in Greek medical writers as in Greek literature generally. Luke uses the passive with “fear,” Luke 8:37, the active for holding the hands over the ears (Acts 7:57) and for pressing one or holding together (Luke 8:45; Luke 19:43; Luke 22:63), the direct middle for holding oneself to preaching (Acts 18:5). It is followed here by the instrumental case. Hobart (Medical Language of Luke, p. 3) quotes Galen as dividing fevers into “great” (μεγαλοι — megaloi) and “small” (σμικροι — smikroi). [source]
Luke 4:38 Was holden with a great fever [ην συνεχομενη πυρετωι μεγαλωι]
Periphrastic imperfect passive, the analytical tense accenting the continuous fever, perhaps chronic and certainly severe. Luke employs this verb nine times and only three others in the N.T. (Matthew 4:24 passive with diseases here; 2 Corinthians 5:14 active; Philemon 1:23 passive). In Acts 28:8 the passive “with dysentery” is like the construction here and is a common one in Greek medical writers as in Greek literature generally. Luke uses the passive with “fear,” Luke 8:37, the active for holding the hands over the ears (Acts 7:57) and for pressing one or holding together (Luke 8:45; Luke 19:43; Luke 22:63), the direct middle for holding oneself to preaching (Acts 18:5). It is followed here by the instrumental case. Hobart (Medical Language of Luke, p. 3) quotes Galen as dividing fevers into “great” (μεγαλοι — megaloi) and “small” (σμικροι — smikroi). [source]
John 11:50 That it is expedient for you [οτι συμπερει υμιν]
Indirect discourse with present active indicative of συμπερω — sumpherō used with the ινα — hina clause as subject. It means to bear together, to be profitable, with the dative case as here It is to your interest and that is what they cared most for. That one man die Sub-final use of ινα — hina with second aorist active subjunctive of αποτνησκω — apothnēskō as subject clause with συμπερει — sumpherei See John 16:7; John 18:7 for the same construction. For the people υπερ — Huper simply means over, but can be in behalf of as often, and in proper context the resultant idea is “instead of” as the succeeding clause shows and as is clearly so in Galatians 3:13 of the death of Christ and naturally so in 2 Corinthians 5:14.; Romans 5:6. In the papyri υπερ — huper is the usual preposition used of one who writes a letter for one unable to write. And that the whole nation perish not Continuation of the ινα — hina construction with μη — mē and the second aorist subjunctive of απολλυμι — apollumi What Caiaphas has in mind is the giving of Jesus to death to keep the nation from perishing at the hands of the Romans. Politicians are often willing to make a sacrifice of the other fellow. [source]
John 15:13 Than this [ταυτης]
Ablative case after the comparative adjective μειζονα — meizona and feminine agreeing with της αγαπης — tēs agapēs (love) understood. That a man lay down his life Object clause (non-final use of ινα — hina in apposition with the ablative pronoun ταυτης — tautēs and the second aorist active subjunctive of τιτημι — tithēmi). For the phrase see John 10:11 of the good shepherd. Cf. 1 John 3:16; Romans 5:7. For his friends “In behalf of his friends” and so “in place of his friends.” “Self-sacrifice is the high-water mark of love” (Dods). For this use of υπερ — huper see John 11:50; Galatians 3:13; 2 Corinthians 5:14.; Romans 5:7. [source]
John 6:51 The living bread [ο αρτος ο ζων]
“The bread the living.” Repetition of the claim in John 6:35, John 6:41, John 6:48, but with a slight change from ζωης — zōēs to ζων — zōn (present active participle of ζαω — zaō). It is alive and can give life. See John 4:10 for living water. In Revelation 1:17 Jesus calls himself the Living One For ever Eternally like αιωνιον — aiōnion with ζωην — zōēn in John 6:47. I shall give Emphasis on εγω — egō (I). Superior so to Moses. Is my flesh See note on John 1:14 for σαρχ — sarx the Incarnation. This new idea creates far more difficulty to the hearers who cannot grasp Christ‘s idea of self-sacrifice. For the life of the world Over, in behalf of, υπερ — huper means, and in some connexions instead of as in John 11:50. See John 1:30 for the Baptist‘s picture of Christ as the Lamb of God that taketh away the sin of the world. See also John 3:17; John 4:42; 1 John 3:16; Matthew 20:28; Galatians 3:13; 2 Corinthians 5:14.; Romans 5:8. Jesus has here presented to this Galilean multitude the central fact of his atoning death for the spiritual life of the world. [source]
Acts 18:5 Was constrained by the word [συνειχετο τωι λογωι]
This is undoubtedly the correct text and not τωι πνευματι — tōi pneumati of the Textus Receptus, but συνειχετο — suneicheto is in my opinion the direct middle imperfect indicative, not the imperfect passive as the translations have it (Robertson, Grammar, p. 808). Paul held himself together or completely to the preaching instead of just on Sabbaths in the synagogue (Acts 18:4). The coming of Silas and Timothy with the gifts from Macedonia (1 Thessalonians 3:6; 2 Corinthians 11:9; Philemon 4:15) set Paul free from tent-making for a while so that he began to devote himself (inchoative imperfect) with fresh consecration to preaching. See the active in 2 Corinthians 5:14. He was now also assisted by Silas and Timothy (2 Corinthians 1:19). [source]
Philippians 2:1 Comfort of love [παραμύθιον]
Rev., consolation. Only here in the New Testament. From παρά besideand μῦθος speechor word. Παρὰ has the same force as in παράκλησις exhortation(see on Luke 6:24); a word which comes to the side of one to stimulate or comfort him; hence an exhortation, an encouragement. So Plato: “Let this, then, be our exhortation concerning marriage” (“Laws,” 773). A motive of persuasion or dissuasion. Plato, speaking of the fear of disgrace, or of ill-repute, says. “The obedient nature will readily yield to such incentives ” (“Laws,” 880). Also an assuagement or abatement. So Sophocles: “Offspring of the noble, ye are come as the assuagement of my woes” (“Electra,” 130). Plato: “They say that to the rich are many consolations ” (“Republic,” 329). Plato also calls certain fruits stimulants ( παραμυθία ) of a sated appetite (“Critias,” 115). Here in the sense of incentive. As related to exhortation, exhortation uses incentive as a ground of appeal. Christ exhorts, appealing to love. Compare Phlippians 1:9sqq. See Romans 5:8; 1 Corinthians 13:4; 2 Corinthians 5:14; Galatians 5:13; Ephesians 5:2; 1 John 4:16, etc. The two verbs kindred to exhortation and incentive occur together at 1 Thessalonians 2:11. See on 1 Corinthians 14:3. Render here, if any incentive of love. [source]
Philippians 1:23 I am in a strait betwixt two [συνέχομαι ἐκ τῶν δύο]
See on 2 Corinthians 5:14. The picture is that of a man pressed on both sides. Lit. I am held together, so that I cannot incline either way. Betwixt two, lit., from the two. The pressure comes from both sides. Note the article, the two, the two considerations just mentioned, departing or abiding in the flesh. [source]

What do the individual words in 2 Corinthians 5:14 mean?

The for love - of Christ compels us having concluded this that One for all has died therefore - all have died
γὰρ ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ συνέχει ἡμᾶς κρίναντας τοῦτο ὅτι εἷς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν ἄρα οἱ πάντες ἀπέθανον

ἀγάπη  love 
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular
Root: ἀγάπη  
Sense: brotherly love, affection, good will, love, benevolence.
τοῦ  - 
Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular
Root:  
Sense: this, that, these, etc.
Χριστοῦ  of  Christ 
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular
Root: Χριστός  
Sense: Christ was the Messiah, the Son of God.
συνέχει  compels 
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Root: συνέχω  
Sense: to hold together.
ἡμᾶς  us 
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Accusative 1st Person Plural
Root: ἐγώ  
Sense: I, me, my.
κρίναντας  having  concluded 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Accusative Masculine Plural
Root: κρίνω  
Sense: to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose.
τοῦτο  this 
Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Accusative Neuter Singular
Root: οὗτος  
Sense: this.
ὅτι  that 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: ὅτι  
Sense: that, because, since.
εἷς  One 
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular
Root: εἷς  
Sense: one.
ἀπέθανεν  has  died 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Root: ἀποθνῄσκω  
Sense: to die.
οἱ  - 
Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Plural
Root:  
Sense: this, that, these, etc.
ἀπέθανον  have  died 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural
Root: ἀποθνῄσκω  
Sense: to die.