KJV: While they promise them liberty, they themselves are the servants of corruption: for of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he brought in bondage.
YLT: liberty to them promising, themselves being servants of the corruption, for by whom any one hath been overcome, to this one also he hath been brought to servitude,
Darby: promising them liberty, while they themselves are slaves of corruption; for by whom a man is subdued, by him is he also brought into slavery.
ASV: promising them liberty, while they themselves are bondservants of corruption; for of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he also brought into bondage.
| ἐλευθερίαν | freedom |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ἐλευθερία Sense: liberty to do or to omit things having no relationship to salvation. |
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| ἐπαγγελλόμενοι | promising |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ἐπαγγέλλομαι Sense: to announce that one is about to do or furnish something. |
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| αὐτοὶ | themselves |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Nominative Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| δοῦλοι | slaves |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: δοῦλοσ1 Sense: a slave, bondman, man of servile condition. |
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| ὑπάρχοντες | being |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ὑπάρχω Sense: to begin below, to make a beginning. |
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| τῆς | - |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| φθορᾶς | of corruption |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: φθορά Sense: corruption, destruction, perishing. |
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| ᾧ | By what |
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Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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| τις | anyone |
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Parse: Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: τὶς Sense: a certain, a certain one. |
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| ἥττηται | has been subdued |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἑσσόομαι Sense: to make less, inferior, to overcome. |
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| τούτῳ | by that |
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Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: οὗτος Sense: this. |
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| ‹καὶ› | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| δεδούλωται | he is enslaved |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: δουλόω Sense: to make a slave of, reduce to bondage. |
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Greek Commentary for 2 Peter 2:19
Promising “personal liberty,” that is license, after the fashion of advocates of liquor today, not the freedom of truth in Christ (John 8:32; Galatians 5:1, Galatians 5:13). [source]
“Themselves slaves” of corruption and sin as Paul has it in Romans 6:20.Of whom (ωι hōi). Instrumental case, but it may mean “of what.”Is overcome Perfect passive indicative of ητταω hēttaō (from ηττων hēttōn less) old verb, in N.T. only here, 2 Peter 2:20; 2 Corinthians 12:13.Of the same (τουτωι toutōi). “By this one (or thing).”Is brought into bondage Perfect passive indicative of δουλοω douloō Like Paul again (Romans 6:16, Romans 6:18; Romans 8:21). [source]
Instrumental case, but it may mean “of what.” [source]
Perfect passive indicative of ητταω hēttaō (from ηττων hēttōn less) old verb, in N.T. only here, 2 Peter 2:20; 2 Corinthians 12:13.Of the same (τουτωι toutōi). “By this one (or thing).”Is brought into bondage Perfect passive indicative of δουλοω douloō Like Paul again (Romans 6:16, Romans 6:18; Romans 8:21). [source]
“By this one (or thing).” [source]
Perfect passive indicative of δουλοω douloō Like Paul again (Romans 6:16, Romans 6:18; Romans 8:21). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 2 Peter 2:19
Only here and Romans 11:12. See note. Ἥττημα faultis from ἥττων lessLit., diminution, decrease. Hence used in the sense of defeat, Isaiah 31:8: “Young men shall be discomfited lit., shall be for diminution.” Similarly the kindred verb ἡττάομαι , in 2 Corinthians 12:13, made inferior; and in 2 Peter 2:19, 2 Peter 2:20, overcome. See note there. Compare 1Corinthians href="/desk/?q=1co+6:8&sr=1">1 Corinthians 6:8) is a source of damage, resulting in forfeiture of the kingdom of God (1 Corinthians 6:9), and in loss of spiritual power. [source]
“Indeed therefore there is to you already (to begin with, ηδη ēdē before any question of courts) wholly defeat.” ηττημα Hēttēma (from ητταομαι hēttaomai) is only here, Romans 11:12; Isaiah 31:8 and ecclesiastical writers. See ητταομαι hēttaomai (from ηττων hēttōn less) in 2 Corinthians 12:13; 2 Peter 2:19. Νικη Nikē was victory and ηττα hētta defeat with the Greeks. It is defeat for Christians to have lawsuits (κριματα krimata usually decrees or judgments) with one another. This was proof of the failure of love and forgiveness (Colossians 3:13). [source]
Old word miasma, from μιαινω miainō here only in N.T. Our “miasma.” The body is sacred to God. Cf. μιασμου miasmou in 2 Peter 2:10.They are again entangled (παλιν εμπλακεντες palin emplakentes). Second aorist passive participle of εμπλεκω emplekō old verb, to inweave (noosed, fettered), in N.T. only here and 2 Timothy 2:4.Overcome Present passive indicative of ητταοω hēttaoō for which see 2 Peter 2:19, “are repeatedly worsted.” Predicate in the condition of first class with ει ei It is not clear whether the subject here is “the deluded victims” (Bigg) or the false teachers themselves (Mayor). See Hebrews 10:26 for a parallel.Therein (τουτοις toutois). So locative case (in these “defilements”), but it can be instrumental case (“by these,” Strachan).With them Dative of disadvantage, “for them.”Than the first (των πρωτων tōn prōtōn). Ablative case after the comparative χειρονα cheirona See this moral drawn by Jesus (Matthew 12:45; Luke 11:26). [source]
Present passive indicative of ητταοω hēttaoō for which see 2 Peter 2:19, “are repeatedly worsted.” Predicate in the condition of first class with ει ei It is not clear whether the subject here is “the deluded victims” (Bigg) or the false teachers themselves (Mayor). See Hebrews 10:26 for a parallel.Therein (τουτοις toutois). So locative case (in these “defilements”), but it can be instrumental case (“by these,” Strachan).With them Dative of disadvantage, “for them.”Than the first (των πρωτων tōn prōtōn). Ablative case after the comparative χειρονα cheirona See this moral drawn by Jesus (Matthew 12:45; Luke 11:26). [source]
Perfect passive participle of προγραπω prographō to write of beforehand, for which verb see Galatians 3:1; Romans 15:4.Unto this condemnation (εις τουτο το κριμα eis touto to krima). See 2 Peter 2:3 for κριμα krima and εκπαλαι ekpalai Παλαι Palai here apparently alludes to Judges 1:14, Judges 1:15 (Enoch).Ungodly men Keynote of the Epistle (Mayor), in Judges 1:15 again as in 2 Peter 2:5; 2 Peter 3:7.Turning (μετατιτεντες metatithentes). Present active participle of μετατιτημι metatithēmi to change, for which verb see Galatians 1:6. For the change of “grace” (χαριτα charita) into “lasciviousness” (εις ασελγειαν eis aselgeian) see 1 Peter 2:16; 1 Peter 4:3; 2 Peter 2:19; 2 Peter 3:16.Our only Master and Lord For the force of the one article for one person see note on 2 Peter 1:1. For δεσποτην despotēn of Christ see 2 Peter 2:1.Denying (αρνουμενοι arnoumenoi). So 2 Peter 2:1. See also Matthew 10:33; 1 Timothy 5:8; Titus 1:16; 1 John 2:22. [source]
Keynote of the Epistle (Mayor), in Judges 1:15 again as in 2 Peter 2:5; 2 Peter 3:7.Turning (μετατιτεντες metatithentes). Present active participle of μετατιτημι metatithēmi to change, for which verb see Galatians 1:6. For the change of “grace” (χαριτα charita) into “lasciviousness” (εις ασελγειαν eis aselgeian) see 1 Peter 2:16; 1 Peter 4:3; 2 Peter 2:19; 2 Peter 3:16.Our only Master and Lord For the force of the one article for one person see note on 2 Peter 1:1. For δεσποτην despotēn of Christ see 2 Peter 2:1.Denying (αρνουμενοι arnoumenoi). So 2 Peter 2:1. See also Matthew 10:33; 1 Timothy 5:8; Titus 1:16; 1 John 2:22. [source]
Present active participle of μετατιτημι metatithēmi to change, for which verb see Galatians 1:6. For the change of “grace” (χαριτα charita) into “lasciviousness” (εις ασελγειαν eis aselgeian) see 1 Peter 2:16; 1 Peter 4:3; 2 Peter 2:19; 2 Peter 3:16. [source]