The Meaning of 2 Samuel 10:16 Explained

2 Samuel 10:16

KJV: And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.

YLT: and Hadadezer sendeth, and bringeth out Aram which is beyond the River, and they come in to Helam, and Shobach head of the host of Hadadezer is before them.

Darby: And Hadarezer sent, and drew forth the Syrians that were beyond the river; and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.

ASV: And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the River: and they came to Helam, with Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer at their head.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And Hadarezer  sent,  and brought out  the Syrians  that [were] beyond  the river:  and they came  to Helam;  and Shobach  the captain  of the host  of Hadarezer  [went] before  them. 

What does 2 Samuel 10:16 Mean?

Context Summary

2 Samuel 10:1-19 - The Penalty Of Rejecting Kindness
A Jewish tradition tells us that Nahash, Hanun's father, had shown kindness to David by sheltering one of his brothers, when the king of Moab treacherously massacred the rest of the family. Civility is the daughter of Piety. The son had inherited his father's throne but not his spirit. He was misled by foolish advisers to offer a gross insult, not only to the ambassadors, but to the king and nation whom they represented.
Let us, however, contrast our Lord's dealings with those who ill-treated Him in the person of His disciples. When they had been refused by a certain village of the Samaritans, they appealed for fire from heaven; but Jesus reminded them that the dispensation in which Elijah had lived was past. The disciples were the children of a new age, and the only fire with which they could deal was that of love, Luke 9:54, etc. Yes, and afterward the baptism of the Holy Spirit was given to Samaria, perhaps to those very villages, Acts 8:1-40. It used to be said that the best way to secure the tenderest kindness of the great and saintly Archbishop Leighton was to show him a discourtesy. He had not followed his great Master in vain. [source]

Chapter Summary: 2 Samuel 10

1  David's messengers, sent to comfort Hanun are villainously treated
6  The Ammonites, strengthened by the Syrians, overcome by Joab and Abishai
15  Shobuch, making a new supply of the Syrains at Helam, is slain by David

What do the individual words in 2 Samuel 10:16 mean?

And sent Hadadezer and brought out - of Syria which [is] beyond the River and they came to Helam and Shobach [went] the commander of army of Hadadezer before them
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר וַיֹּצֵ֤א אֶת־ אֲרָם֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֔ר וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ חֵילָ֑ם וְשׁוֹבַ֛ךְ שַׂר־ צְבָ֥א הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר לִפְנֵיהֶֽם

וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח  And  sent 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁלַח  
Sense: to send, send away, let go, stretch out.
הֲדַדְעֶ֗זֶר  Hadadezer 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: הֲדַדְעֶזֶר  
Sense: son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David’s army.
וַיֹּצֵ֤א  and  brought  out 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Hifil, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: יׄוצֵאת 
Sense: to go out, come out, exit, go forth.
אֶת־  - 
Parse: Direct object marker
Root: אֹות 
Sense: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative.
אֲרָם֙  of  Syria 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: אֲרָם 
Sense: Aram or Syria the nation.
אֲשֶׁר֙  which  [is] 
Parse: Pronoun, relative
Root: אֲשֶׁר 
Sense: (relative part.).
מֵעֵ֣בֶר  beyond 
Parse: Preposition-m, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: עֵבֶר  
Sense: region beyond or across, side.
הַנָּהָ֔ר  the  River 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: נָהָר  
Sense: stream, river.
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ  and  they  came 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine plural
Root: בֹּוא 
Sense: to go in, enter, come, go, come in.
חֵילָ֑ם  to  Helam 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: חֵילָם 
Sense: a place east of the Jordan, west of the Euphrates, in Gilead, at which the Syrians under Hadarezer were defeated by David.
וְשׁוֹבַ֛ךְ  and  Shobach  [went] 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: שֹׁובַךְ  
Sense: general of king Hadarezer of the Syrians of Zoba in the time of David.
שַׂר־  the  commander 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: סָרַר 
Sense: prince, ruler, leader, chief, chieftain, official, captain.
צְבָ֥א  of  army 
Parse: Noun, common singular construct
Root: צָבָא 
Sense: that which goes forth, army, war, warfare, host.
הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר  of  Hadadezer 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: הֲדַדְעֶזֶר  
Sense: son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David’s army.
לִפְנֵיהֶֽם  before  them 
Parse: Preposition-l, Noun, masculine plural construct, third person masculine plural
Root: לִפְנֵי 
Sense: face.

What are the major concepts related to 2 Samuel 10:16?

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