The Meaning of 2 Samuel 10:3 Explained

2 Samuel 10:3

KJV: And the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun their lord, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? hath not David rather sent his servants unto thee, to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?

YLT: And the heads of the Bene-Ammon say unto Hanun their lord, 'Is David honouring thy father in thine eyes because he hath sent to thee comforters? for to search the city, and to spy it, and to overthrow it, hath not David sent his servants unto thee?'

Darby: And the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun their lord, Is it, in thine eyes, to honour thy father that David has sent comforters to thee? Is it not to search the city and to spy it out, and to overthrow it, that David has sent his servants to thee?

ASV: But the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun their lord, Thinkest thou that David doth honor thy father, in that he hath sent comforters unto thee? hath not David sent his servants unto thee to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And the princes  of the children  of Ammon  said  unto Hanun  their lord,  Thinkest  thou that David  doth honour  thy father,  that he hath sent  comforters  unto thee? hath not David  [rather] sent  his servants  unto thee, to  search  the city,  and to spy it out,  and to overthrow  it? 

What does 2 Samuel 10:3 Mean?

Context Summary

2 Samuel 10:1-19 - The Penalty Of Rejecting Kindness
A Jewish tradition tells us that Nahash, Hanun's father, had shown kindness to David by sheltering one of his brothers, when the king of Moab treacherously massacred the rest of the family. Civility is the daughter of Piety. The son had inherited his father's throne but not his spirit. He was misled by foolish advisers to offer a gross insult, not only to the ambassadors, but to the king and nation whom they represented.
Let us, however, contrast our Lord's dealings with those who ill-treated Him in the person of His disciples. When they had been refused by a certain village of the Samaritans, they appealed for fire from heaven; but Jesus reminded them that the dispensation in which Elijah had lived was past. The disciples were the children of a new age, and the only fire with which they could deal was that of love, Luke 9:54, etc. Yes, and afterward the baptism of the Holy Spirit was given to Samaria, perhaps to those very villages, Acts 8:1-40. It used to be said that the best way to secure the tenderest kindness of the great and saintly Archbishop Leighton was to show him a discourtesy. He had not followed his great Master in vain. [source]

Chapter Summary: 2 Samuel 10

1  David's messengers, sent to comfort Hanun are villainously treated
6  The Ammonites, strengthened by the Syrians, overcome by Joab and Abishai
15  Shobuch, making a new supply of the Syrains at Helam, is slain by David

What do the individual words in 2 Samuel 10:3 mean?

And said the princes of the sons of Ammon to Hanun their lord that really honors David - your father do you think because he has sent to you comforters Has not to search the city and to spy it out and to overthrow it [rather] sent his servants to you
וַיֹּאמְרוּ֩ שָׂרֵ֨י בְנֵֽי־ עַמּ֜וֹן אֶל־ חָנ֣וּן אֲדֹֽנֵיהֶ֗ם הַֽמְכַבֵּ֨ד דָּוִ֤ד אֶת־ אָבִ֙יךָ֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ כִּֽי־ שָׁלַ֥ח לְךָ֖ מְנַֽחֲמִ֑ים הֲ֠לוֹא בַּעֲב֞וּר חֲק֤וֹר הָעִיר֙ וּלְרַגְּלָ֣הּ וּלְהָפְכָ֔הּ שָׁלַ֥ח עֲבָדָ֖יו אֵלֶֽיךָ

וַיֹּאמְרוּ֩  And  said 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine plural
Root: אָמַר 
Sense: to say, speak, utter.
שָׂרֵ֨י  the  princes 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct
Root: סָרַר 
Sense: prince, ruler, leader, chief, chieftain, official, captain.
בְנֵֽי־  of  the  sons 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct
Root: בֵּן 
Sense: son, grandson, child, member of a group.
עַמּ֜וֹן  of  Ammon 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: עַמֹּון  
Sense: a people dwelling in Transjordan descended from Lot through Ben-ammi.
חָנ֣וּן  Hanun 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: חָנוּן  
Sense: son of Nahash and king of Ammon who dishonoured David’s ambassadors and lost the subsequent war with David.
אֲדֹֽנֵיהֶ֗ם  their  lord 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct, third person masculine plural
Root: אָדֹון  
Sense: firm, strong, lord, master.
הַֽמְכַבֵּ֨ד  that  really  honors 
Parse: Verb, Piel, Participle, masculine singular
Root: כָּבֵד  
Sense: to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured.
דָּוִ֤ד  David 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
אֶת־  - 
Parse: Direct object marker
Root: אֹות 
Sense: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative.
אָבִ֙יךָ֙  your  father 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct, second person masculine singular
Root: אָב  
Sense: father of an individual.
בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ  do  you  think 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, cdc, second person masculine singular
Root: עֹונָה 
Sense: eye.
כִּֽי־  because 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: כִּי 
Sense: that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since.
שָׁלַ֥ח  he  has  sent 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁלַח  
Sense: to send, send away, let go, stretch out.
לְךָ֖  to  you 
Parse: Preposition, second person masculine singular
מְנַֽחֲמִ֑ים  comforters 
Parse: Verb, Piel, Participle, masculine plural
Root: נָחַם  
Sense: to be sorry, console oneself, repent, regret, comfort, be comforted.
הֲ֠לוֹא  Has  not 
Parse: Adverb, Negative particle
Root: הֲלֹא 
Sense: not, no.
חֲק֤וֹר  search 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: חָקַר  
Sense: to search, search for, search out, examine, investigate.
הָעִיר֙  the  city 
Parse: Article, Noun, feminine singular
Root: עִיר 
Sense: excitement, anguish.
וּלְרַגְּלָ֣הּ  and  to  spy  it  out 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Verb, Piel, Infinitive construct, third person feminine singular
Root: רָגַל  
Sense: to go on foot, spy out, foot it, go about, walk along, move the feet.
וּלְהָפְכָ֔הּ  and  to  overthrow  it 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct, third person feminine singular
Root: הָפַךְ  
Sense: to turn, overthrow, overturn.
שָׁלַ֥ח  [rather]  sent 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁלַח  
Sense: to send, send away, let go, stretch out.
עֲבָדָ֖יו  his  servants 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct, third person masculine singular
Root: עֶבֶד  
Sense: slave, servant.
אֵלֶֽיךָ  to  you 
Parse: Preposition, second person masculine singular
Root: אֶל  
Sense: to, toward, unto (of motion).

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