The Meaning of 2 Samuel 8:12 Explained

2 Samuel 8:12

KJV: Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.

YLT: of Aram, and of Moab, and of the Bene-Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob king of Zobah.

Darby: of the Syrians, and of the Moabites, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of the Amalekites, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah.

ASV: of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

Of Syria,  and of Moab,  and of the children  of Ammon,  and of the Philistines,  and of Amalek,  and of the spoil  of Hadadezer,  son  of Rehob,  king  of Zobah. 

What does 2 Samuel 8:12 Mean?

Context Summary

2 Samuel 8:1-18 - Victorious On Every Side
Twice in this chapter we are told that the Lord gave victory to David "whithersoever he went," 2 Samuel 8:6; 2 Samuel 8:14. Indeed, he was more than a conqueror, for he obtained not only victory but the spoils of his foes, of which he afterward made large donations to the house of God. We are reminded of those great words: "Now thanks be unto God, who always leadeth us in triumph in Christ;" and, "They also shall overcome that are with Him [1], called and chosen and faithful," 2 Corinthians 2:14 and Revelation 17:14, r.v.
Never in this world shall we be able to lay down our weapons. Often temptations that we thought had passed out of our lives, will revive in their old vigor and present themselves with even greater subtlety and force. Resolutions and vows will fail us. We shall be constantly kept in mind of our weakness and dependence. The only victory which is permanent is our faith, which receives from Him what we cannot achieve for ourselves. It is a very humbling experience, but it is our safeguard against overweening pride. [source]

Chapter Summary: 2 Samuel 8

1  David subdues the Philistines and the Moabites
3  He smites Hadadezer, and the Syrians
9  Toi sends Joram with presents to bless him
11  David dedicates the presents and the spoil to God
14  He puts garrisons in Edom
16  David's officers

What do the individual words in 2 Samuel 8:12 mean?

from Syria and from Moab and from the sons of Ammon and from the Philistines and from Amalek and from the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob king of Zobah
מֵאֲרָ֤ם וּמִמּוֹאָב֙ וּמִבְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וּמִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וּמֵֽעֲמָלֵ֑ק וּמִשְּׁלַ֛ל הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר בֶּן־ רְחֹ֖ב מֶ֥לֶךְ צוֹבָֽה

מֵאֲרָ֤ם  from  Syria 
Parse: Preposition-m, Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: אֲרָם 
Sense: Aram or Syria the nation.
וּמִמּוֹאָב֙  and  from  Moab 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m, Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: מֹואָב 
Sense: a son of Lot by his eldest daughter.
וּמִבְּנֵ֣י  and  from  the  sons 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m, Noun, masculine plural construct
Root: בֵּן 
Sense: son, grandson, child, member of a group.
עַמּ֔וֹן  of  Ammon 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: עַמֹּון  
Sense: a people dwelling in Transjordan descended from Lot through Ben-ammi.
וּמִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים  and  from  the  Philistines 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m, Proper Noun, masculine plural
Root: פְּלִשְׁתִּי  
Sense: an inhabitant of Philistia; descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor (Crete?) to the western seacoast of Canaan.
וּמֵֽעֲמָלֵ֑ק  and  from  Amalek 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: עֲמָלֵק  
Sense: son of Eliphaz by his concubine Timnah, grandson of Esau, and progenitor of a race of people in southern Canaan.
וּמִשְּׁלַ֛ל  and  from  the  spoil 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: שָׁלָל  
Sense: prey, plunder, spoil, booty.
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר  of  Hadadezer 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: הֲדַדְעֶזֶר  
Sense: son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David’s army.
בֶּן־  son 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: בֵּן 
Sense: son, grandson, child, member of a group.
רְחֹ֖ב  of  Rehob 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: רְחֹב 
Sense: father of Hadadezer the king of Zobah who was killed by David.
מֶ֥לֶךְ  king 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: מֶלֶךְ 
Sense: king.
צוֹבָֽה  of  Zobah 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: צֹובָא 
Sense: the name of a portion of Syria which formed a separate kingdom in the times of Saul, David, and Solomon; located northeast of Damascus.