KJV: And there came thither certain Jews from Antioch and Iconium, who persuaded the people, and, having stoned Paul, drew him out of the city, supposing he had been dead.
YLT: And there came thither, from Antioch and Iconium, Jews, and they having persuaded the multitudes, and having stoned Paul, drew him outside of the city, having supposed him to be dead;
Darby: But there came Jews from Antioch and Iconium, and having persuaded the crowds and stoned Paul, drew him out of the city, supposing him to have died.
ASV: But there came Jews thither from Antioch and Iconium: and having persuaded the multitudes, they stoned Paul, and dragged him out of the city, supposing that he was dead.
Ἐπῆλθαν | Came |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἐπεισέρχομαι Sense: to come to arrive. |
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δὲ | however |
Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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Ἀντιοχείας | Antioch |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: Ἀντιόχεια Sense: Capital of Syria, situated on the river Orontes, founded by Seleucus Nicanor in 300 B. |
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Ἰκονίου | Iconium |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: Ἰκόνιον Sense: a famous city of Asia Minor, which was the capital of Lycaonia. |
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Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: Ἰουδαῖος Sense: Jewish, belonging to the Jewish race. |
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πείσαντες | having persuaded |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ἐπισείω Sense: persuade. |
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ὄχλους | crowds |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ὄχλος Sense: a crowd. |
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λιθάσαντες | having stoned |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: λιθάζω Sense: to overwhelm or pelt with stones. |
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τὸν | - |
Parse: Article, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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Παῦλον | Paul |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Παῦλος Sense: Paul was the most famous of the apostles and wrote a good part of the NT, the 4 Pauline epistles. |
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ἔσυρον | they dragged [him] |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: σύρω Sense: to draw, drag. |
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ἔξω | outside |
Parse: Preposition Root: ἔξω Sense: without, out of doors. |
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πόλεως | city |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: πόλις Sense: a city. |
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νομίζοντες | supposing |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: νομίζω Sense: to hold by custom or usage, own as a custom or usage, to follow a custom or usage. |
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τεθνηκέναι | to have died |
Parse: Verb, Perfect Infinitive Active Root: θνῄσκω Sense: to die, to be dead. |
Greek Commentary for Acts 14:19
Came to or upon them, επηλταν epēlthan second aorist (ingressive) indicative of επερχομαι eperchomai Whether news of the miracle had reached those cities we do not know. These may have been travelling grain merchants. At any rate there was an interval in which Paul and Barnabas won some disciples (Acts 14:22). There would be a natural reaction, even revulsion, in the minds of many who had come so near to worshipping Paul and Barnabas. The pendulum swings easily from one extreme to the other. The hostile Jews from Antioch and Iconium may even have followed Paul and Barnabas along the fine Roman road on purpose to keep them on the run. They had driven them out of Antioch and out of Iconium and now appear at Lystra at an opportune moment for their work. [source]
First aorist (effective) active participle of πειτω peithō They had complete success with many and struck at the psychological moment. They stoned Paul (λιτασαντες τον Παυλον lithasantes ton Paulon). First aorist active participle of λιταζω lithazō late verb from λιτος lithos for throwing stones (used by Paul referring to this one incident when alone he was stoned, 2 Corinthians 11:25). The wounds inflicted may have left some of the scars (στιγματα stigmata) mentioned in Galatians 6:17. They stoned Paul as the chief speaker (Mercury) and passed by Barnabas (Jupiter). It was a Jewish mode of punishment as against Stephen and these Jews knew that Paul was the man that they had to deal with. Hackett notes that the Jews with two exceptions incited the persecutions which Paul endured. The exceptions were in Philippi (16:16-40) and Ephesus (19:23-41). Dragged him out of the city They hurled Stephen outside of the city before stoning him (Acts 7:58). It was a hurried and irregular proceeding, but they were dragging (imperfect active of surō old verb) Paul out now. Supposing that he were dead (συρω nomizontes auton tethnēkenai). Present active participle with infinitive (second perfect active of νομιζοντες αυτον τετνηκεναι thnēskō) in indirect discourse with accusative of general reference. The Jews are jubilant this time with memories of Paul‘s escape at Antioch and Iconium. The pagan mob feel that they have settled accounts for their narrow escape from worshipping two Jewish renegade preachers. It was a good day‘s work for them all. Luke does not say that Paul was actually dead. [source]
First aorist active participle of λιταζω lithazō late verb from λιτος lithos for throwing stones (used by Paul referring to this one incident when alone he was stoned, 2 Corinthians 11:25). The wounds inflicted may have left some of the scars It was a Jewish mode of punishment as against Stephen and these Jews knew that Paul was the man that they had to deal with. Hackett notes that the Jews with two exceptions incited the persecutions which Paul endured. The exceptions were in Philippi (16:16-40) and Ephesus (19:23-41). [source]
They hurled Stephen outside of the city before stoning him (Acts 7:58). It was a hurried and irregular proceeding, but they were dragging (imperfect active of surō old verb) Paul out now. Supposing that he were dead (συρω nomizontes auton tethnēkenai). Present active participle with infinitive (second perfect active of νομιζοντες αυτον τετνηκεναι thnēskō) in indirect discourse with accusative of general reference. The Jews are jubilant this time with memories of Paul‘s escape at Antioch and Iconium. The pagan mob feel that they have settled accounts for their narrow escape from worshipping two Jewish renegade preachers. It was a good day‘s work for them all. Luke does not say that Paul was actually dead. [source]
Present active participle with infinitive (second perfect active of νομιζοντες αυτον τετνηκεναι thnēskō) in indirect discourse with accusative of general reference. The Jews are jubilant this time with memories of Paul‘s escape at Antioch and Iconium. The pagan mob feel that they have settled accounts for their narrow escape from worshipping two Jewish renegade preachers. It was a good day‘s work for them all. Luke does not say that Paul was actually dead. [source]
See on Acts 14:5. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 14:19
Two words for drawing are found in the New Testament, σύρω and ἑλκύω . The distinction is not habitually observed, and the meanings often overlap. Σύρω is originally to drag or trail along, as a garment or torn slippers. Both words are used of haling to justice. (See Acts 8:3; Acts 17:6; Acts 16:19) In Acts 14:19, συ.ρω , of dragging Paul's senseless body out of the city at Lystra. In John 21:6, John 21:8, John 21:11, both words of drawing the net. In John 18:10, ἑλκύω , of drawing Peter's sword. One distinction, however, is observed: σύρω is never used of Christ's attraction of men. See John 6:44; John 12:32. Ἑλκύω occurs only once outside of John's writings (Acts 16:19). Luther says on this passage: “The drawing is not like that of the executioner, who draws the thief up the ladder to the gallows; but it is a gracious allurement, such as that of the man whom everybody loves, and to whom everybody willingly goes.” [source]
Negative condition of third class with εαν μη ean mē and first aorist active subjunctive of ελκυω helkuō older form ελκω helkō to drag like a net (John 21:6), or sword (John 18:10), or men (Acts 16:19), to draw by moral power (John 12:32), as in Jeremiah 31:3. Συρω Surō the other word to drag (Acts 8:3; Acts 14:19) is not used of Christ‘s drawing power. The same point is repeated in John 6:65. The approach of the soul to God is initiated by God, the other side of John 6:37. See Romans 8:7 for the same doctrine and use of ουδε δυναται oude dunatai like ουδεις δυναται oudeis dunatai here. [source]
First aorist active indicative of βασταζω bastazō old verb to pick up, to carry (John 12:6), to bear (Galatians 6:5). The παλιν palin refers to John 8:59 where ηραν ēran was used. They wanted to kill him also when he made himself equal to God in John 5:18. Perhaps here εβαστασαν ebastasan means “they fetched stones from a distance.” To stone him Final clause with ινα hina and the first aorist active subjunctive of λιταζω lithazō late verb (Aristotle, Polybius) from λιτος lithos (stone, small, Matthew 4:6, or large, Matthew 28:2), in John 10:31-33; John 11:8; Acts 5:26; Acts 14:19; 2 Corinthians 11:25; Hebrews 11:37, but not in the Synoptics. It means to pelt with stones, to overwhelm with stones. [source]
“Observe, ” says Bengel, “the fickleness of human reasoning. He is either an assassin, say they, or a god. So, at one time bulls, at another stones ” (Acts 14:13, Acts 14:19). [source]
Paul says he was stoned once (2 Corinthians 11:25). This took place at Lystra (see Acts 14:19). [source]
Genuine here, but not in chapters 9, 22. A common proverb as Aeschylus Ag. 1624: Προς κεντρα μη λακτιζε Pros kentra mē laktize “It is taken from an ox that being pricked with a goad kicks and receives a severer wound” (Page). Cf. the parables of Jesus (Matthew 13:35). Blass observes that Paul‘s mention of this Greek and Latin proverb is an indication of his culture. Besides he mentions (not invents) it here rather than in chapter 22 because of the culture of this audience. Κεντρον Kentron means either sting as of bees (II Macc. Acts 14:19) and so of death (1 Corinthians 15:55) or an iron goad in the ploughman‘s hand as here (the only two N.T. examples). Note plural here (goads) and λακτιζειν laktizein is present active infinitive so that the idea is “to keep on kicking against goads.” This old verb means to kick with the heel (adverb λαχ lax with the heel), but only here in the N.T. There is a papyrus example of kicking (λακτιζω laktizō) with the feet against the door. [source]
More exactly, “Expecting him to be about (or that he was about) to swell up.” Πιμπρασται Pimprasthai is present middle infinitive from πιμπρημι pimprēmi to blow, to burn, to inflame, to cause to swell. Πρητω Prēthō to swell, seems connected and both use the επρησα aorist eprēsa Our word “inflammation” likewise means a burning and a swelling. This verb is a common medical term used as Luke has it. It occurs here only in N.T. Or fallen down dead η καταπιπτειν απνω νεκρον suddenly (επι πολυ δε αυτων προσδοκωντων ē katapiptein aphnō nekron). Rather, “or was about to fall down dead suddenly.” The two common results of a bite by a viper or other poisonous snake, both medical terms used by Luke. But when they were long in expectation (μηδεν ατοπον εις αυτον γινομενον epi polu de autōn prosdokōntōn). Genitive absolute. “But while they were expecting for much time.” -DIVIDER- Nothing amiss come to him (Μηδεν mēden atopon eis auton ginomenon). “Nothing out of place coming to him” (present middle participle). τεωρουντων Mēden the usual negative of the participle and the accusative case the object of μεταβαλομενοι theōrountōn (genitive absolute). Changed their minds (μεταβαλλω metabalomenoi). Aorist middle (direct) participle of αυτον ειναι τεον metaballō old verb to turn about or around, turning themselves about, changing their minds. Plato uses this very verb in middle voice for changing the mind. -DIVIDER- That he was a god (auton einai theon). Accusative and infinitive in indirect discourse. At Lystra Paul was first received as a god (Mercury) and then they stoned him to kill him (Acts 14:11, Acts 14:19). So fickle is popular favour. [source]
Literally, not with violence. For they feared (εποβουντο γαρ ephobounto gar). Imperfect middle, still feared, kept on fearing. Lest they be stoned Negative purpose with μη mē (like ινα μη hina mē), probably with “not with violence,” though possible with “they feared.” They handled the apostles gently for fear of being stoned themselves by the people. First aorist passive subjunctive of λιταζω lithazō (from λιτος lithos stone), old verb to pelt with stones (Acts 14:19; John 10:31-33). [source]
Negative purpose with μη mē (like ινα μη hina mē), probably with “not with violence,” though possible with “they feared.” They handled the apostles gently for fear of being stoned themselves by the people. First aorist passive subjunctive of λιταζω lithazō (from λιτος lithos stone), old verb to pelt with stones (Acts 14:19; John 10:31-33). [source]
At Lystra, Acts 14:19. [source]
Second aorist active indicative of πασχω paschō to experience good or ill. But alone, as here, it often means to suffer ill In North Galatia we have no record of persecutions, but we do have records for South Galatia (Acts 14:2, Acts 14:5, Acts 14:19, Acts 14:22). [source]
See Acts 13:50; Acts 14:2ff.; Acts 14:19. These cities may have been selected as illustrations because Timothy was at home in that region. See Acts 16:1, Acts 16:2. Antioch is mentioned by Paul, Galatians 2:11. Iconium and Lystra nowhere in his letters. [source]
A characteristic Jewish punishment. See 2 Chronicles 24:20; Matthew 23:37; John 10:31; Acts 5:26; Acts 7:59; Acts 14:19. The verb λιθοβολεῖν is also used in Matthew, Luke, and Acts, and once in this epistle, Hebrews 12:20. [source]