KJV: Save that the Holy Ghost witnesseth in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions abide me.
YLT: save that the Holy Spirit in every city doth testify fully, saying, that for me bonds and tribulations remain;
Darby: only that the Holy Spirit testifies to me in every city, saying that bonds and tribulations await me.
ASV: save that the Holy Spirit testifieth unto me in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions abide me.
| πλὴν | except |
|
Parse: Conjunction Root: πλήν Sense: moreover, besides, but, nevertheless. |
|
| ὅτι | that |
|
Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅτι Sense: that, because, since. |
|
| Πνεῦμα | Spirit |
|
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: πνεῦμα Sense: a movement of air (a gentle blast. |
|
| τὸ | - |
|
Parse: Article, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
|
| Ἅγιον | Holy |
|
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ἅγιος Sense: most holy thing, a saint. |
|
| κατὰ | in every |
|
Parse: Preposition Root: κατά Sense: down from, through out. |
|
| πόλιν | city |
|
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: πόλις Sense: a city. |
|
| διαμαρτύρεταί | fully testifies |
|
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: διαμαρτύρομαι Sense: to testify. |
|
| μοι | to me |
|
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 1st Person Singular Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
|
| λέγον | saying |
|
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
|
| δεσμὰ | chains |
|
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: δεσμός Sense: a band or bond. |
|
| θλίψεις | tribulations |
|
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Plural Root: θλῖψις Sense: a pressing, pressing together, pressure. |
|
| με | me |
|
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Accusative 1st Person Singular Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
|
| μένουσιν | await |
|
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: μένω Sense: to remain, abide. |
|
Greek Commentary for Acts 20:23
The οτι hoti clause is really in the ablative case after πλην plēn here a preposition as in Philemon 1:18, this idiom πλην οτι plēn hoti occasionally in ancient Greek. [source]
Singular here though plural in κατ οικους kat' oikous (Acts 20:20). Bonds and afflictions (δεσμα και τλιπσεις desma kai thlipseis). Both together as in Philemon 1:17; 2 Corinthians 1:8. Literal bonds and actual pressures. Abide me With the accusative as in Acts 20:5 (εμενον ημας emenon hēmas) and nowhere else in the N.T. [source]
Both together as in Philemon 1:17; 2 Corinthians 1:8. Literal bonds and actual pressures. [source]
With the accusative as in Acts 20:5 (εμενον ημας emenon hēmas) and nowhere else in the N.T. [source]
The compound verb signifies full, clear testimony. Not by internal intimations of the Spirit, but by prophetic declarations “in every city.” Two of these are mentioned subsequently, at Tyre and Caesarea (Acts 21:4, Acts 21:11). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 20:23
The I is emphatic: I know through these special revelations to myself (Acts 20:23). [source]
First aorist middle of διαμαρτυρομαι diamarturomai old verb, to make solemn attestation or call to witness (perfective use of δια dia), while μαρτυρεω martureō is to bear witness. Page insists that here it should be translated “protested solemnly” to the Jews as it seems to mean in Luke 16:28; Acts 20:23; 1 Timothy 5:21; 2 Timothy 2:14; 2 Timothy 4:1. And exhorted (και παρεκαλει kai parekalei). Imperfect active, kept on exhorting. Save yourselves First aorist passive of σωζω sōzō Literally, Be ye saved. Crooked (σκολιας skolias). Old word, opposite of ορτος orthos straight. Pravus the opposite of rectus, a perversity for turning off from the truth. Cf. Luke 9:41; Philemon 2:15. [source]
As Peter did (Acts 2:40) where Luke uses this same word thoroughly Lucan and Pauline. So again in Acts 20:23, Acts 20:24. Paul here as in Romans 1:16 includes both Jews and Greeks, to the Jew first. [source]
Perfect passive participle of δεω deō to bind, with the locative case. “Bound in my spirit” he means, as in Acts 19:21, from a high sense of duty. The mention of “the Holy Spirit” specifically in Acts 20:23 seems to be in contrast to his own spirit here. His own spirit was under the control of the Holy Spirit (Romans 8:16) and the sense does not differ greatly. [source]
The Holy Spirit undoubtedly who had already told Paul that bonds and afflictions awaited him in Jerusalem (Acts 20:23). That he should not set foot in Jerusalem (μη επιβαινειν εις Ιεροσολυμα mē epibainein eis Ierosoluma). Indirect command with μη mē and the present active infinitive, not to keep on going to Jerusalem (Robertson, Grammar, p. 1046). In spite of this warning Paul felt it his duty as before (Acts 20:22) to go on. Evidently Paul interpreted the action of the Holy Spirit as information and warning although the disciples at Tyre gave it the form of a prohibition. Duty called louder than warning to Paul even if both were the calls of God. [source]
Probably ablative of the articular present active infinitive with redundant negative με me after παρεκαλουμεν parekaloumen (imperfect active, conative). We tried to persuade him from going up. It can be explained as genitive, but not so likely: We tried to persuade him in respect to not going up. Vincent cites the case of Regulus who insisted on returning from Rome to Carthage to certain death and that of Luther on the way to the Diet of Worms. Spalatin begged Luther not to go on. Luther said: “Though devils be as many in Worms as tiles upon the roofs, yet thither will I go.” This dramatic warning of Agabus came on top of that in Tyre (Acts 21:4) and Paul‘s own confession in Miletus (Acts 20:23). It is small wonder that Luke and the other messengers together with Philip and his daughters (prophetesses versus prophet?) joined in a chorus of dissuasion to Paul. [source]
First aorist passive subjunctive of ρυομαι ruomai old verb to rescue. This use of ινα hina is the sub-final one after words of beseeching or praying. Paul foresaw trouble all the way to Jerusalem (Acts 20:23; Acts 21:4, Acts 21:13). [source]
Same idiom in Acts 20:23. Πλην Plēn is adverb πλεον pleon (more besides). As a preposition πλην plēn means “except.” This essential thing Paul sees in spite of all their envy and selfishness that Christ is preached. Whether in pretence (ειτε προπασει eite prophasei). Either from προπαινω prophainō to shew forth, or προπημι prophēmi to speak forth, the ostensible presentation often untrue. See note on Acts 27:30. Paul sees clearly through the pious pretence of these Judaizers and rejoices that people get some knowledge of Christ. Some Christ is better than no Christ. Yea, and will rejoice Note affirmative, not adversative, use of αλλα alla Volitive use of the future (second future passive) indicative (χαρησομαι charēsomai) of χαιρω chairō Paul is determined to rejoice in spite of the efforts of the Judaizers to prod him to anger. [source]
Solemn and emphatic: His Spirit, the holy. Similarly, Acts 15:8, Acts 15:28; Acts 19:6; Acts 20:23; Ephesians 1:13; Ephesians 4:30. [source]
In Paul only 1 Thessalonians 4:6. Very frequent in Acts. See on Acts 2:40; see on Acts 20:23. The sense is rather conjuring them by their loyalty to God. Paul uses the simple μαρτύρεσθαι in a similar sense. See Galatians 5:3; 1 Thessalonians 2:12(note); Ephesians 4:17. [source]
The verb, μιμνήσκεσθαι in Paul, only 1 Corinthians 11:2. In Pastorals only here. The words give the reason for the longing to see Timothy. The allusion is probably to the tears shed by Timothy at his parting from Paul. One is naturally reminded of the parting of Paul with the Ephesians elders at Miletus (Acts 20:17ff., see especially Acts 20:37). Holtzmann remarks that Paul's discourse on that occasion is related to this passage as program to performance. Bonds await the apostle (Acts 20:23), and Paul appears as a prisoner (2 Timothy 1:8). He must fulfill his course Acts 20:24); here he has fulfilled it (2 Timothy 4:7). He bids the overseers take heed to the flock, for false teachers will arise in the bosom of the church (Acts 20:29, Acts 20:30); these letters contain directions for the guidance of the flock, and denunciations of heretical teachers. [source]
Whether we consider the things which are shaken, the old heavens and earth which pass away, or the new heaven and earth which cannot be shaken, both are πεποιημένα madeby God. The writer perceives this, and therefore adds to as of things that are made a clause stating that they were made (by God himself) to pass away. Accordingly, ἵνα inorder that is to be connected with πεποιημένων , after which the comma should be removed. Rend. “the removal of things made in order that they might await the things which are not shaken.” Μένειν is used in this sense, await, Acts 20:5, Acts 20:23, and often in Class. [source]