KJV: The God of Abraham, and of Isaac, and of Jacob, the God of our fathers, hath glorified his Son Jesus; whom ye delivered up, and denied him in the presence of Pilate, when he was determined to let him go.
YLT: The God of Abraham, and of Isaac, and of Jacob, the God of our fathers, did glorify His child Jesus, whom ye delivered up, and denied him in the presence of Pilate, he having given judgment to release him,
Darby: The God of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, the God of our fathers, has glorified his servant Jesus, whom ye delivered up, and denied him in the presence of Pilate, when he had judged that he should be let go.
ASV: The God of Abraham, and of Isaac, and of Jacob, the God of our fathers, hath glorified his Servant Jesus; whom ye delivered up, and denied before the face of Pilate, when he had determined to release him.
| Θεὸς | God |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: θεός Sense: a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinities. |
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| Ἀβραὰμ | of Abraham |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Ἀβραάμ Sense: the son of Terah and the founder of the Jewish nation. |
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| θεὸς] | God |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: θεός Sense: a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinities. |
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| Ἰσαὰκ | of Isaac |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Ἰσαάκ Sense: the son of Abraham and Sarah. |
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| Ἰακώβ | Jacob |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Ἰακώβ Sense: was the second son of Isaac. |
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| τῶν | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| πατέρων | fathers |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: προπάτωρ Sense: generator or male ancestor. |
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| ἡμῶν | of us |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 1st Person Plural Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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| ἐδόξασεν | has glorified |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: δοξάζω Sense: to think, suppose, be of opinion. |
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| Παῖδα | servant |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: παῖς Sense: a child, boy or girl. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of Him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| Ἰησοῦν | Jesus |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰησοῦς Sense: Joshua was the famous captain of the Israelites, Moses’ successor. |
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| ὃν | whom |
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Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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| μὲν | indeed |
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Parse: Particle Root: μέν Sense: truly, certainly, surely, indeed. |
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| παρεδώκατε | betrayed |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: παραδίδωμι Sense: to give into the hands (of another). |
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| ἠρνήσασθε | disowned |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Middle, 2nd Person Plural Root: ἀρνέομαι Sense: to deny. |
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| πρόσωπον | [the] presence |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: πρόσωπον Sense: the face. |
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| Πιλάτου | of Pilate |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Πειλᾶτος Sense: the sixth Roman procurator of Judah and Samaria who ordered Christ to be crucified. |
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| κρίναντος | having adjudged |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: κρίνω Sense: to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose. |
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| ἐκείνου | that one |
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Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ἐκεῖνος Sense: he, she it, etc. |
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| ἀπολύειν | to release [Him] |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Active Root: ἀπολύω Sense: to set free. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 3:13
This phrase occurs in Isaiah 42:1; Isaiah 52:13 about the Messiah except the name “Jesus” which Peter adds, the first part of the quotation is from Exodus 3:6; Exodus 35:30. The lxx translated the Hebrew παις ebhedh by παις τεου pais the servant of Jehovah being a Messianic designation. But the phrase “servant of God” Paul terms himself Παις doulos theou (Titus 1:1). υιος Pais is just child (boy or girl), and it was also used of a slave (Matthew 8:6, Matthew 8:8, Matthew 8:13). But it is not here παις huios (son) that Peter uses, but ον υμεις μεν παρεδωκατε pais Luke quotes Peter as using it again in this Messianic sense in Acts 3:26; Acts 4:27, Acts 4:30. [source]
Note emphatic use of δε humeis (ye). No μεν de to correspond to κ men First aorist active When he (υμεις ekeinou). Emphatic pronoun, that one, in contrast with “ye” (κριναντος humeis), genitive absolute with krinantos here the nearest word (Pilate), the latter. [source]
Emphatic pronoun, that one, in contrast with “ye” (κριναντος humeis), genitive absolute with krinantos here the nearest word (Pilate), the latter. [source]
Rightly, servant, as Rev. See on Luke 1:54. The A. V. renders, in Matthew 12:18, servant, quoting from Isaiah 42:1; but elsewhere, where applied to Jesus, son or child, which Rev. in every case has changed to servant. The word is continually used, like the Latin puer, in the sense of servant, and in the Septuagint as the servant of God. See 2 Samuel 7:5, 2 Samuel 7:8, 2 Samuel 7:19, 2 Samuel 7:20, 2 Samuel 7:21, 2 Samuel 7:25, 2 Samuel 7:26. Compare Luke 1:69. The term servant of Jehovah, or servant of the Lord, is applied in the Old Testament (1) to a worshipper of God, Nehemiah 1:10; Daniel 6:21; so to Abraham, Psalm 105:6, Psalm 105:42; to Joshua, Joshua 24:29; to Job, Job 1:8. (2) To a minister or ambassador of God called to any service, Isaiah 49:6; of Nebuchadnezzar, Jeremiah 27:6; of the prophets, Amos 3:7; of Moses, Deuteronomy 34:5. (3) Peculiarly of the Messiah, Isaiah 42:1; Isaiah 52:13; as God's chosen servant for accomplishing the work of redemption. “Unless we render servant in the passages where the phrase παῖς Θεοῦ occurs in the New Testament, there will be no allusion throughout it all to that group of prophecies which designate the Messiah as the servant of Jehovah, who learned obedience by the things which he suffered” (Trench, “On the Authorized Version of the New Testament”). [source]
He is ἐκείνου , the pronoun of more definite and emphatic reference, the latter, Pilate, “in order to make the contrast felt between what Pilate judged and what they did.” This is further emphasized in the next verse. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 3:13
Often child, son or daughter, but here servant, in allusion to Isaiah 41:8. Meyer truthfully says that the theocratic notion of sonship is never expressed by παῖς . See Rev., Acts 3:13, Acts 3:26; Acts 4:27, Acts 4:30. [source]
See on Acts 3:13. [source]
The best texts omit Jesus. Render servant for son, and see on Acts 3:13. [source]
Perfect passive participle of γενναω gennaō See above in Acts 21:39 for the claim of Tarsus as his birth-place. He was a Hellenistic Jew, not an Aramaean Jew (cf. Acts 6:1). Brought up (ανατετραμμενος anatethrammenos). Perfect passive participle again of ανατρεπω anatrephō to nurse up, to nourish up, common old verb, but in the N.T. only here, Acts 7:20., and MSS. in Luke 4:16. The implication is that Paul was sent to Jerusalem while still young, “from my youth” (Acts 26:4), how young we do not know, possibly thirteen or fourteen years old. He apparently had not seen Jesus in the flesh (2 Corinthians 5:16). At the feet of Gamaliel The rabbis usually sat on a raised seat with the pupils in a circle around either on lower seats or on the ground. Paul was thus nourished in Pharisaic Judaism as interpreted by Gamaliel, one of the lights of Judaism. For remarks on Gamaliel see chapter Acts 5:34. He was one of the seven Rabbis to whom the Jews gave the highest title αββαν Rabban (our Rabbi). αββι Rabbi (my teacher) was next, the lowest being αβ Rab (teacher). “As Aquinas among the schoolmen was called Doctor Angelicus, and Bonaventura Doctor Seraphicus, so Gamaliel was called the Beauty of the Law ” (Conybeare and Howson). Instructed (πεπαιδευμενος pepaideumenos). Perfect passive participle again (each participle beginning a clause), this time of παιδευω paideuō old verb to train a child (παις pais) as in Acts 7:22 which see. In this sense also in 1 Timothy 1:20; Titus 2:12. Then to chastise as in Luke 23:16, Luke 23:22 (which see); 2 Timothy 2:25; Hebrews 12:6. According to the strict manner Old word, only here in N.T. Mathematical accuracy, minute exactness as seen in the adjective in Acts 26:5. See also Romans 10:2; Galatians 1:4; Philemon 3:4-7. Of our fathers (πατρωιου patrōiou). Old adjective from πατερ pater only here and Acts 24:14 in N.T. Means descending from father to son, especially property and other inherited privileges. Πατρικος Patrikos (patrician) refers more to personal attributes and affiliations. Being zealous for God Not adjective, but substantive zealot (same word used by James of the thousands of Jewish Christians in Jerusalem, Acts 21:20 which see) with objective genitive του τεου tou theou (for God). See also Acts 21:14; Acts 28:17; 2 Timothy 1:3 where he makes a similar claim. So did Peter (Acts 3:13; Acts 5:30) and Stephen (Acts 7:32). Paul definitely claims, whatever freedom he demanded for Gentile Christians, to be personally “a zealot for God” “even as ye all are this day” In his conciliation he went to the limit and puts himself by the side of the mob in their zeal for the law, mistaken as they were about him. He was generous surely to interpret their fanatical frenzy as zeal for God. But Paul is sincere as he proceeds to show by appeal to his own conduct. [source]
As in Acts 3:13, the Messiah as God‘s Servant. To bless you (ευλογουντα υμας eulogounta humas). Present active participle to express purpose, blessing you (Robertson, Grammar, p. 991). In turning away (εν τωι αποστρεπειν en tōi apostrephein). Articular infinitive in the locative case, almost preserved in the English. [source]
The very prophets who foretold the coming of the Messiah their fathers killed. The coming (της ελευσεως tēs eleuseōs). Not in ancient Greek or lxx and only here in the N.T. (in a few late writers). Betrayers Just like Judas Iscariot. He hurled this old biting word at them. In the N.T. only here and Luke 6:16; 2 Timothy 3:4. It cut like a knife. It is blunter than Peter in Acts 3:13. Murderers (πονεις phoneis). The climax with this sharp word used of Barabbas (Acts 3:14). [source]
The rabbis usually sat on a raised seat with the pupils in a circle around either on lower seats or on the ground. Paul was thus nourished in Pharisaic Judaism as interpreted by Gamaliel, one of the lights of Judaism. For remarks on Gamaliel see chapter Acts 5:34. He was one of the seven Rabbis to whom the Jews gave the highest title αββαν Rabban (our Rabbi). αββι Rabbi (my teacher) was next, the lowest being αβ Rab (teacher). “As Aquinas among the schoolmen was called Doctor Angelicus, and Bonaventura Doctor Seraphicus, so Gamaliel was called the Beauty of the Law ” (Conybeare and Howson). Instructed (πεπαιδευμενος pepaideumenos). Perfect passive participle again (each participle beginning a clause), this time of παιδευω paideuō old verb to train a child (παις pais) as in Acts 7:22 which see. In this sense also in 1 Timothy 1:20; Titus 2:12. Then to chastise as in Luke 23:16, Luke 23:22 (which see); 2 Timothy 2:25; Hebrews 12:6. According to the strict manner Old word, only here in N.T. Mathematical accuracy, minute exactness as seen in the adjective in Acts 26:5. See also Romans 10:2; Galatians 1:4; Philemon 3:4-7. Of our fathers (πατρωιου patrōiou). Old adjective from πατερ pater only here and Acts 24:14 in N.T. Means descending from father to son, especially property and other inherited privileges. Πατρικος Patrikos (patrician) refers more to personal attributes and affiliations. Being zealous for God Not adjective, but substantive zealot (same word used by James of the thousands of Jewish Christians in Jerusalem, Acts 21:20 which see) with objective genitive του τεου tou theou (for God). See also Acts 21:14; Acts 28:17; 2 Timothy 1:3 where he makes a similar claim. So did Peter (Acts 3:13; Acts 5:30) and Stephen (Acts 7:32). Paul definitely claims, whatever freedom he demanded for Gentile Christians, to be personally “a zealot for God” “even as ye all are this day” In his conciliation he went to the limit and puts himself by the side of the mob in their zeal for the law, mistaken as they were about him. He was generous surely to interpret their fanatical frenzy as zeal for God. But Paul is sincere as he proceeds to show by appeal to his own conduct. [source]
Old word, only here in N.T. Mathematical accuracy, minute exactness as seen in the adjective in Acts 26:5. See also Romans 10:2; Galatians 1:4; Philemon 3:4-7. Of our fathers (πατρωιου patrōiou). Old adjective from πατερ pater only here and Acts 24:14 in N.T. Means descending from father to son, especially property and other inherited privileges. Πατρικος Patrikos (patrician) refers more to personal attributes and affiliations. Being zealous for God Not adjective, but substantive zealot (same word used by James of the thousands of Jewish Christians in Jerusalem, Acts 21:20 which see) with objective genitive του τεου tou theou (for God). See also Acts 21:14; Acts 28:17; 2 Timothy 1:3 where he makes a similar claim. So did Peter (Acts 3:13; Acts 5:30) and Stephen (Acts 7:32). Paul definitely claims, whatever freedom he demanded for Gentile Christians, to be personally “a zealot for God” “even as ye all are this day” In his conciliation he went to the limit and puts himself by the side of the mob in their zeal for the law, mistaken as they were about him. He was generous surely to interpret their fanatical frenzy as zeal for God. But Paul is sincere as he proceeds to show by appeal to his own conduct. [source]
Not adjective, but substantive zealot (same word used by James of the thousands of Jewish Christians in Jerusalem, Acts 21:20 which see) with objective genitive του τεου tou theou (for God). See also Acts 21:14; Acts 28:17; 2 Timothy 1:3 where he makes a similar claim. So did Peter (Acts 3:13; Acts 5:30) and Stephen (Acts 7:32). Paul definitely claims, whatever freedom he demanded for Gentile Christians, to be personally “a zealot for God” “even as ye all are this day” In his conciliation he went to the limit and puts himself by the side of the mob in their zeal for the law, mistaken as they were about him. He was generous surely to interpret their fanatical frenzy as zeal for God. But Paul is sincere as he proceeds to show by appeal to his own conduct. [source]
(same word used by James of the thousands of Jewish Christians in Jerusalem, Acts 21:20 which see) with objective genitive του τεου tou theou (for God). See also Acts 21:14; Acts 28:17; 2 Timothy 1:3 where he makes a similar claim. So did Peter (Acts 3:13; Acts 5:30) and Stephen (Acts 7:32). Paul definitely claims, whatever freedom he demanded for Gentile Christians, to be personally “a zealot for God” “even as ye all are this day” In his conciliation he went to the limit and puts himself by the side of the mob in their zeal for the law, mistaken as they were about him. He was generous surely to interpret their fanatical frenzy as zeal for God. But Paul is sincere as he proceeds to show by appeal to his own conduct. [source]
Just like Judas Iscariot. He hurled this old biting word at them. In the N.T. only here and Luke 6:16; 2 Timothy 3:4. It cut like a knife. It is blunter than Peter in Acts 3:13. Murderers (πονεις phoneis). The climax with this sharp word used of Barabbas (Acts 3:14). [source]
The Shekinah Glory of God (Romans 3:23) and used of Jesus in James 2:1. The covenants (αι διατηκαι hai diathēkai). Plural because renewed often (Genesis 6:18; Genesis 9:9; Genesis 15:18; Genesis 17:2, Genesis 17:7, Genesis 17:9; Exodus 2:24). The giving of the law Old word, here only in N.T., from νομος nomos and τιτημι tithēmi The service (η λατρεια hē latreia). The temple service (Hebrews 9:1, Hebrews 9:6). The fathers The patriarchs (Acts 3:13; Acts 7:32). [source]
Old word, here only in N.T., from νομος nomos and τιτημι tithēmi The service (η λατρεια hē latreia). The temple service (Hebrews 9:1, Hebrews 9:6). The fathers The patriarchs (Acts 3:13; Acts 7:32). [source]
The patriarchs (Acts 3:13; Acts 7:32). [source]
Covenant name of the chosen people. Whose (ων hōn). Predicate genitive of the relative, used also again with οι πατερες hoi pateres For “the adoption” (η υιοτεσια hē huiothesia) see note on Romans 8:15. The glory The Shekinah Glory of God (Romans 3:23) and used of Jesus in James 2:1. The covenants (αι διατηκαι hai diathēkai). Plural because renewed often (Genesis 6:18; Genesis 9:9; Genesis 15:18; Genesis 17:2, Genesis 17:7, Genesis 17:9; Exodus 2:24). The giving of the law Old word, here only in N.T., from νομος nomos and τιτημι tithēmi The service (η λατρεια hē latreia). The temple service (Hebrews 9:1, Hebrews 9:6). The fathers The patriarchs (Acts 3:13; Acts 7:32). [source]
As Acts 3:13. The meaning is expressed in the familiar phrase faced him down. It is, however, rarely as strong as this in N.T. Rather before the face, or in the face of, meaning simply in the sight or presence of (Luke 2:31), or according to appearance (2 Corinthians 1:7). The explanation that Paul withstood Peter only in appearance or semblance (so Jerome, Chrysostom, Theodoret, and other Fathers) is one of the curiosities of exegesis, and was probably adopted out of misplaced consideration for the prestige of Peter. [source]
Or face. Ἁπὸ fromhas simply the sense of separation. Not from the time of the Lord's appearing, nor by reason of the glory of his presence. Πρόσωπον is variously translated in A.V. Mostly face: also presence, Acts 3:13, Acts 3:19; Acts 5:41: person, Matthew 22:16; Luke 20:21; Galatians 2:6: appearance, 2 Corinthians 5:12; 2 Corinthians 10:1: fashion, James 1:11. The formula ἀπὸ προσώπου or τοῦ προσώπου occurs Acts 3:19; Acts 5:41; Acts 7:45; Revelation 6:16; Revelation 12:14; Revelation 20:11. In lxx, Genesis 3:8; Genesis 4:14, Genesis 4:16; Exodus 14:25, and frequently. [source]
Nothing is known of the fact referred to. Ἁπολύειν of releasing from confinement, Matthew 27:15; John 19:10; Acts 3:13; Acts 4:21, Acts 4:23; Acts 5:40. [source]
Accusative singular articular (agreeing with τεον theon) first aorist active participle of εγειρω egeirō (cf. δι αναστασεως Ιησου di' anastaseōs Iēsou in 1 Peter 1:3).Gave glory to him (δοχαν αυτωι δοντα doxan autōi donta). Second aorist active participle of διδωμι didōmi agreeing also with τεον theon See Peter‘s speech in Acts 3:13 about God glorifying (εδοχασεν edoxasen) Jesus and also the same idea by Peter in Acts 2:33-36; Acts 5:31.So that your faith and hope might be in God ωστε Hōste with the infinitive Hence here result (so that is) is more probable than design. [source]
Second aorist active participle of διδωμι didōmi agreeing also with τεον theon See Peter‘s speech in Acts 3:13 about God glorifying (εδοχασεν edoxasen) Jesus and also the same idea by Peter in Acts 2:33-36; Acts 5:31. [source]