KJV: Who by the mouth of thy servant David hast said, Why did the heathen rage, and the people imagine vain things?
YLT: who, through the mouth of David thy servant, did say, Why did nations rage, and peoples meditate vain things?
Darby: who hast said by the mouth of thy servant David, Why have the nations raged haughtily and the peoples meditated vain things?
ASV: who by the Holy Spirit, by the mouth of our father David thy servant, didst say, Why did the Gentiles rage, And the peoples imagine vain things?
ὁ | - |
Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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τοῦ | of the |
Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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πατρὸς | father |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: προπάτωρ Sense: generator or male ancestor. |
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ἡμῶν | of us |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 1st Person Plural Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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Πνεύματος | [the] Spirit |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: πνεῦμα Sense: a movement of air (a gentle blast. |
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Ἁγίου | Holy |
Parse: Adjective, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: ἅγιος Sense: most holy thing, a saint. |
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στόματος | through [the] mouth |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: στόμα Sense: the mouth, as part of the body: of man, of animals, of fish, etc. |
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Δαυὶδ | David |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Δαβίδ Sense: second king of Israel, and ancestor of Jesus Christ. |
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παιδός | servant |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: παῖς Sense: a child, boy or girl. |
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σου | of You |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 2nd Person Singular Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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εἰπών | having spoken |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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Ἵνα‿ | - |
Parse: Conjunction Root: ἵνα Sense: that, in order that, so that. |
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Τί | Why |
Parse: Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: τίς Sense: who, which, what. |
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ἐφρύαξαν | did rage |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: φρυάσσω Sense: to neigh, stamp the ground, prance, snort. |
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ἔθνη | [the] Gentiles |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: ἔθνος Sense: a multitude (whether of men or of beasts) associated or living together. |
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λαοὶ | peoples |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: λαός Sense: a people, people group, tribe, nation, all those who are of the same stock and language. |
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ἐμελέτησαν | did devise |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: μελετάω Sense: to care for, attend to carefully, practise. |
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κενά | vain things |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: κενός Sense: empty, vain, devoid of truth. |
Greek Commentary for Acts 4:25
From Psalm 2:1. here ascribed to David. Baumgarten suggests that the whole company sang the second Psalm and then Peter applied it to this emergency. The Greek MSS. do not have δια dia (by) here before στοματος stomatos but only δια dia before πνευματος αγιου pneumatos hagiou (the Holy Spirit). Hort calls this a “primitive error” perhaps due to an early scribe who omitted this second δια dia so close to the first δια dia (Robertson, Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the N.T., p. 238). A small list of such primitive errors is there given as suggested by Dr. Hort. [source]
This Greek idiom calls for γενηται genētai (second aorist middle subjunctive), That what may happen. The Gentiles So always in lxx, while λαοι laoi (peoples) can include Jews. Did rage (επρυαχαν ephruaxan). First aorist active indicative of πρυασσω phruassō late word, to neigh like a horse, to prance or stamp the ground, to put on lofty airs. Only here in the N.T. in this quotation from Psalm 2:1. Imagine First aorist active indicative of μελεταω meletaō Old verb from μελετη meletē (care), to practise, to caution, as orators and rhetoricians. Only here in the N.T. in this quotation. [source]
. [source]
So always in lxx, while λαοι laoi (peoples) can include Jews. Did rage (επρυαχαν ephruaxan). First aorist active indicative of πρυασσω phruassō late word, to neigh like a horse, to prance or stamp the ground, to put on lofty airs. Only here in the N.T. in this quotation from Psalm 2:1. Imagine First aorist active indicative of μελεταω meletaō Old verb from μελετη meletē (care), to practise, to caution, as orators and rhetoricians. Only here in the N.T. in this quotation. [source]
First aorist active indicative of πρυασσω phruassō late word, to neigh like a horse, to prance or stamp the ground, to put on lofty airs. Only here in the N.T. in this quotation from Psalm 2:1. [source]
First aorist active indicative of μελεταω meletaō Old verb from μελετη meletē (care), to practise, to caution, as orators and rhetoricians. Only here in the N.T. in this quotation. [source]
See on Acts 3:13. [source]
Only here in New Testament. Originally, to neigh or snort like a horse. Of men, to give one's self haughty airs, and to act and speak insolently. Philo describes a proud man as “walking on tiptoe, and bridling ( φρυαττόμενος )with neck erect like a horse.” [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 4:25
Only here and Acts 4:25(citation). Often in Class. and lxx. Most translators reject the A.V. meditate, and substitute be diligent in, or practice, or take care for. Meditate, however, is legitimate, although in Class. the word commonly appears in one of the other senses. The connection between the different meanings is apparent. Exercise or practice applied to the mind becomes thinking or meditation. In lxx it represents seven Hebrew equivalents, and signifies to meditate, talk of, murmur, delight one's self in, attend to. Often to meditate, Joshua 1:8; Psalm 1:2; Psalm 2:1; Psalm 37:12; Psalm 72:6; Psalm href="/desk/?q=ps+35:28&sr=1">Psalm 35:28; Psalm 37:30; Ecclesiastes href="/desk/?q=ec+1:2&sr=1">Ecclesiastes 1:2. In the Vulg. meditabor is the translation of murmur or mourn in Isaiah 38:14. The Hebrew הָגָהֽ means to murmur, whisper; hence the inner whispering of the heart; hence to think, meditate, consider, as Psalm 63:7; Psalm 78:13. [source]
Old verb from μελετη meletē (care, practice), present active imperative, “keep on practising these things.” In N.T. only here and Acts 4:25. [source]
Note the author's characteristic use of the question to express denial. Comp. Hebrews 1:14; Hebrews 2:3; Hebrews 3:17; Hebrews 7:11; Hebrews 12:7. First quotation from Psalm 2:7. The Psalm is addressed as a congratulatory ode to a king of Judah, declaring his coming triumph over the surrounding nations, and calling on them to render homage to the God of Israel. The king is called Son of Jahveh, and is said to be “begotten” on the day on which he is publicly recognized as king. Words of the same Psalm are quoted Acts 4:25, and these words Acts 13:33. [source]
Ingressive first aorist active indicative of οργιζομαι orgizomai “became angry.” The culmination of wrath against God (Revelation 16:13.; Revelation 20:8.). Cf. Psalm 2:1, Psalm 2:5, Psalm 2:12; Psalm 99:1; Acts 4:25. John sees the hostility of the world against Christ. [source]