KJV: And God spake on this wise, That his seed should sojourn in a strange land; and that they should bring them into bondage, and entreat them evil four hundred years.
YLT: 'And God spake thus, That his seed shall be sojourning in a strange land, and they shall cause it to serve, and shall do it evil four hundred years,
Darby: And God spoke thus: His seed shall be a sojourner in a strange land, and they shall enslave them and evil entreat them four hundred years;
ASV: And God spake on this wise, that his seed should sojourn in a strange land, and that they should bring them into bondage, and treat them ill, four hundred years.
| ἐλάλησεν | Spoke |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀπολαλέω Sense: to utter a voice or emit a sound. |
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| δὲ | however |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| οὕτως | thus |
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Parse: Adverb Root: οὕτως Sense: in this manner, thus, so. |
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| ὁ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Θεὸς | God |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: θεός Sense: a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinities. |
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| ὅτι | that |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅτι Sense: that, because, since. |
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| ἔσται | will be |
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Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| σπέρμα | seed |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: σπέρμα Sense: from which a plant germinates. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| πάροικον | a sojourner |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: πάροικος Sense: dwelling near, neighbouring. |
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| γῇ | a land |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: γῆ Sense: arable land. |
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| ἀλλοτρίᾳ | strange |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ἀλλότριος Sense: belonging to another. |
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| δουλώσουσιν | they will enslave |
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Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: δουλόω Sense: to make a slave of, reduce to bondage. |
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| κακώσουσιν | will mistreat [it] |
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Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: κακόω Sense: to oppress, afflict, harm, maltreat. |
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| ἔτη | years |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: ἔτος Sense: year. |
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| τετρακόσια | four hundred |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: τετρακόσιοι Sense: four hundred. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 7:6
A free quotation from Genesis 15:13. [source]
Shall be a sojourner, Παροικος Paroikos In a strange land (εν γηι αλλοτριαι en gēi allotriāi). In a land not one‘s own, that belongs to another, alien as in Matthew 17:25., which see. Four hundred years Accusative of duration of time. As in Genesis 15:13, but a round number as in Exodus 12:40 the time is 430 years. But in Galatians 3:17 Paul, following the lxx in Exodus 12:40, takes the 430 years to cover the period in Canaan and the stay in Egypt, cutting the sojourn in Egypt to about half. Josephus gives it both ways. Hackett suggests two solutions, one that there were two ways of reckoning the period among the Jews with no way of settling it, the other that by the 430 years in Egypt the writers meant to include Canaan also as merely the preliminary to the period in Egypt. [source]
In a land not one‘s own, that belongs to another, alien as in Matthew 17:25., which see. [source]
Accusative of duration of time. As in Genesis 15:13, but a round number as in Exodus 12:40 the time is 430 years. But in Galatians 3:17 Paul, following the lxx in Exodus 12:40, takes the 430 years to cover the period in Canaan and the stay in Egypt, cutting the sojourn in Egypt to about half. Josephus gives it both ways. Hackett suggests two solutions, one that there were two ways of reckoning the period among the Jews with no way of settling it, the other that by the 430 years in Egypt the writers meant to include Canaan also as merely the preliminary to the period in Egypt. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 7:6
More correctly, as Rev., hath fallen asleep. See on Acts 7:60; see on 2 Peter 3:4. [source]
From υπσοω hupsoō late verb from υπσος hupsos so often used of Christ. When they sojourned (εν τηι παροικιαι en tēi paroikiāi). In the sojourn. Late word from παροικος paroikos (sojourner, dweller, Acts 7:6) common in lxx. In N.T. only here and 1 Peter 1:17. With a high arm Vivid picture from the lxx (Exodus 6:1, 6; Deuteronomy 5:15; Ps 136:12). [source]
In the sojourn. Late word from παροικος paroikos (sojourner, dweller, Acts 7:6) common in lxx. In N.T. only here and 1 Peter 1:17. [source]
First aorist active indicative of the double compound verb κατακληρονομεω katȧklērȯnomeō late verb in lxx (Numbers 34:18; Deuteronomy 3:28; Joshua 14:1) and only here in the N.T., to distribute by lot, to distribute as an inheritance. This is the correct reading and not κατεκληροδοτησεν kateklērodotēsen from κατακληροδοτεω kataklērodoteō of the Textus Receptus. These two verbs were confused in the MSS. of the lxx as well as here. For about four hundred and fifty years (ως ετεσιν τετρακοσιοις και πεντηκοντα hōs etesin tetrakosiois kai pentēkonta). Associative instrumental case with an expression of time as in Acts 8:11; Luke 8:29 (Robertson, Grammar, p. 527). The oldest MSS. (Aleph A B C Vg Sah Boh) place these figures before “after these things” and so in Acts 13:19. This is the true reading and is in agreement with the notation in 1 Kings 6:1. The difficulty found in the Textus Receptus (King James Version) thus disappears with the true text. The four hundred and fifty years runs therefore from the birth of Isaac to the actual conquest of Canaan and does not cover the period of the Judges. See note on Acts 7:6. [source]
Associative instrumental case with an expression of time as in Acts 8:11; Luke 8:29 (Robertson, Grammar, p. 527). The oldest MSS. (Aleph A B C Vg Sah Boh) place these figures before “after these things” and so in Acts 13:19. This is the true reading and is in agreement with the notation in 1 Kings 6:1. The difficulty found in the Textus Receptus (King James Version) thus disappears with the true text. The four hundred and fifty years runs therefore from the birth of Isaac to the actual conquest of Canaan and does not cover the period of the Judges. See note on Acts 7:6. [source]
Second aorist active participle of τιτημι tithēmi to place. The very idiom used in Acts 7:60 of Stephen. Not in ancient writers and only six times in the N.T. (Mark 15:19; Luke 22:41; Acts 7:60; Acts 9:40; Acts 20:36; Acts 21:5). Certainly kneeling in prayer is a fitting attitude (cf. Jesus, Luke 22:41), though not the only proper one (Matthew 6:5). Paul apparently prayed aloud (προσηυχατο prosēuxato). [source]
So here, either the dative, the object of υπηρετησας hupēretēsas if γενεαι geneāi is locative, or the instrumental case “by the counsel of God” which again may be construed either with υπηρετησας hupēretēsas (having served) or after εκοιμητη ekoimēthē (fell on sleep). Either of the three ways is grammatical and makes good sense. Κοιμαομαι Koimaomai for death we have already had (Acts 7:60). So Jesus (John 11:11) and Paul (1 Corinthians 15:6, 1 Corinthians 15:51). Was laid (προσετετη prosetethē). Was added unto (first aorist passive indicative of προστιτημι prostithēmi). See the verb in Acts 2:47; Acts 5:14. This figure for death probably arose from the custom of burying families together (Genesis 15:15; Jud Genesis 2:10). Saw corruption As Jesus did not (Acts 2:31) as he shows in Acts 13:37. [source]
Temporary dweller (cf. Abraham in Acts 7:6) in Midian though for forty years. [source]
Second aorist active participle of τιτημι tithēmi placing the knees (on the ground). This idiom is not in the old Greek for kneeling, but Luke has it five times (Luke 22:41; Acts 7:60; Acts 9:40; Acts 20:36; Acts 21:5) and Mark once (Acts 15:19). Jesus was standing at the right hand of God and Stephen knelt before him in worship and called on him in prayer. [source]
Lit., have fallen asleep. See on Acts 7:60; see on 2 Peter 3:4; compare Romans 7:2, where the usual word for die, ἀποθάνῃ is used. In that passage Paul is discussing the abstract question. Here the inference is more personal, which is perhaps the reason for his using the more tender expression. [source]
The word for many means, primarily, adequate, sufficient. See on Romans 15:23. Rev., not a few hardly expresses the ominous shading of the word: quite enough have died. Sleep. Better, are sleeping. Here simply as a synonym for are dead, without the peculiar restful sense which christian sentiment so commonly conveys into it. See on Acts 7:60; see on 2 Peter 3:4. [source]
A strong word, expressing deep emotion. The verb originally represents the sound of a croak or harsh scream; thence, generally, an inarticulate cry; an exclamation of fear or pain. The cry of an animal. So Aristoph. Knights, 1017, of the barking of a dog: 285,287, of two men in a quarrel, trying to bawl each other down: Frogs, 258, of the croaking of frogs. This original sense appears in N.T. usage, as Matthew 14:26; Matthew 15:23; Matthew 27:50; Mark 5:5, etc., and is recognized even where the word is used in connection with articulate speech, by adding to it the participles λέγων, λέγοντες sayingor διδάσκων teachingSee Matthew 8:29; Matthew 15:22; Mark 3:11; John 7:28, etc. In Mark 10:47the inarticulate cry and the articulate utterance are distinguished. At the same time, the word is often used of articulate speech without such additions, as Mark 10:48; Mark 11:9; Mark 15:13, Mark 15:14; Luke 18:39; Acts 7:60; Acts 19:34; Romans 8:15. It falls into more dignified association in lxx, where it is often used of prayer or appeal to God, as 4:3; 6:7; Psalm 21:2,5; 27:1,54:16; and in N.T., where it is applied to solemn, prophetic utterance, as Romans href="/desk/?q=ro+9:27&sr=1">Romans 9:27; John 1:15, and is used of Jesus himself, as John 7:28, John 7:37; John 12:44, and of the Holy Spirit, as here. The Spirit gives the inspiration of which the believer is the organ. In Romans 8:15the statement is inverted. The believer cries under the power of the Spirit. [source]
Perfect passive participle of προκυροω prokuroō in Byzantine writers and earliest use here. Nowhere else in N.T. The point is in προ pro and υπο του τεου hupo tou theou (by God) and in μετα meta (after) as Burton shows. Four hundred and thirty years after (μετα τετρακοσια και τριακοντα ετη meta tetrakosia kai triakonta etē). Literally, “after four hundred and thirty years.” This is the date in Exodus 12:40 for the sojourn in Egypt (cf. Genesis 15:13). But the lxx adds words to include the time of the patriarchs in Canaan in this number of years which would cut the time in Egypt in two. Cf. Acts 7:6. It is immaterial to Paul‘s argument which chronology is adopted except that “the longer the covenant had been in force the more impressive is his statement” (Burton). Doth not disannul Late verb ακυροω akuroō in N.T. only here and Matthew 15:6; Mark 7:13 (from α a privative and κυρος kuros authority). On καταργησαι katargēsai see 1 Corinthians 1:28; 1 Corinthians 2:6; 1 Corinthians 15:24, 1 Corinthians 15:26. [source]
Literally, “after four hundred and thirty years.” This is the date in Exodus 12:40 for the sojourn in Egypt (cf. Genesis 15:13). But the lxx adds words to include the time of the patriarchs in Canaan in this number of years which would cut the time in Egypt in two. Cf. Acts 7:6. It is immaterial to Paul‘s argument which chronology is adopted except that “the longer the covenant had been in force the more impressive is his statement” (Burton). [source]
No longer. Sojourners (παροικοι paroikoi). Old word for dweller by (near by, but not in). So Acts 7:6, Acts 7:29; 1 Peter 2:11 (only other N.T. examples). Dwellers just outside the house or family of God. Fellow-citizens Old word from οικος oikos (house, household), but in N.T. only here, Galatians 6:10; 1 Timothy 5:8. Gentiles now in the family of God (Romans 8:29). [source]
Old word for dweller by (near by, but not in). So Acts 7:6, Acts 7:29; 1 Peter 2:11 (only other N.T. examples). Dwellers just outside the house or family of God. [source]
Or, who are sleeping. See on Acts 7:60; see on 2 Peter 3:4, and comp. 1 Corinthians 7:39; 1 Corinthians 11:30; 1 Corinthians 15:6, 1 Corinthians 15:18, 1 Corinthians 15:20, 1 Corinthians 15:51; John 11:11, etc. The dead members of the Thessalonian church. [source]
Another ( ἄλλη ) land than his own. So lxx, Genesis 15:13. Comp. Acts 7:6. [source]
Future active articular participle of κακοω kakoō old verb (from κακος kakos bad) as in Acts 7:6, Acts 7:19. Any real hurt, either that wishes to harm you or that can harm. See the words in Isaiah 50:9. [source]
A literal and correct translation of the word, which occurs frequently in the New Testament, but only here in Peter. Some have supposed that the peculiarly Christian sense of the word is emphasized ironically by these mockers. It is used, however, in classical Greek to denote death. The difference between the pagan and the Christian usage lies in the fact that, in the latter, it was defined by the hope of the resurrection, and therefore was used literally of a sleep, which, though long, was to have an awaking. See on Acts 7:60. [source]