The Meaning of Deuteronomy 19:5 Explained

Deuteronomy 19:5

KJV: As when a man goeth into the wood with his neighbour to hew wood, and his hand fetcheth a stroke with the axe to cut down the tree, and the head slippeth from the helve, and lighteth upon his neighbour, that he die; he shall flee unto one of those cities, and live:

YLT: even he who cometh in with his neighbour into a forest to hew wood, and his hand hath driven with an axe to cut the tree, and the iron hath slipped from the wood, and hath met his neighbour, and he hath died -- he doth flee unto one of these cities, and hath lived,

Darby: as when he goeth into the wood with his neighbour to hew wood, and his hand fetcheth a stroke with the axe to cut down the tree, and the iron slippeth from the handle, and lighteth upon his neighbour, that he die; such an one shall flee unto one of these cities, and live;

ASV: as when a man goeth into the forest with his neighbor to hew wood, and his hand fetcheth a stroke with the axe to cut down the tree, and the head slippeth from the helve, and lighteth upon his neighbor, so that he dieth; he shall flee unto one of these cities and live:

KJV Reverse Interlinear

As when a man goeth  into the wood  with his neighbour  to hew  wood,  and his hand  fetcheth a stroke  with the axe  to cut down  the tree,  and the head  slippeth  from the helve,  and lighteth  upon his neighbour,  that he die;  he shall flee  unto one  of those cities,  and live: 

What does Deuteronomy 19:5 Mean?

Chapter Summary: Deuteronomy 19

1  The cities of refuge
4  The privilege thereof for the manslayer
14  The landmark is not to be removed
15  At least two witnesses are required
16  the punishment of a false witness

What do the individual words in Deuteronomy 19:5 mean?

And as when [a [man] goes with his neighbor to the woods to cut timber and swings a stroke his hand with the ax to cut down the tree and slips the head from the handle and strikes - his neighbor so that he dies he shall flee to one of cities these and live
וַאֲשֶׁר֩ יָבֹ֨א אֶת־ רֵעֵ֥הוּ בַיַּעַר֮ לַחְטֹ֣ב עֵצִים֒ וְנִדְּחָ֨ה יָד֤וֹ בַגַּרְזֶן֙ לִכְרֹ֣ת הָעֵ֔ץ וְנָשַׁ֤ל הַבַּרְזֶל֙ מִן־ הָעֵ֔ץ וּמָצָ֥א אֶת־ רֵעֵ֖הוּ וָמֵ֑ת ה֗וּא יָנ֛וּס אֶל־ אַחַ֥ת הֶעָרִים־ הָאֵ֖לֶּה וָחָֽי

וַאֲשֶׁר֩  And  as  when  [a  [man] 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Pronoun, relative
Root: אֲשֶׁר 
Sense: (relative part.).
יָבֹ֨א  goes 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: בֹּוא 
Sense: to go in, enter, come, go, come in.
רֵעֵ֥הוּ  his  neighbor 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: רֵעַ  
Sense: friend, companion, fellow, another person.
בַיַּעַר֮  to  the  woods 
Parse: Preposition-b, Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: יַעַר 
Sense: forest, wood, thicket, wooded height.
לַחְטֹ֣ב  to  cut 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: חָטַב  
Sense: to cut, gather.
עֵצִים֒  timber 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural
Root: עֵץ  
Sense: tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows.
וְנִדְּחָ֨ה  and  swings  a  stroke 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Nifal, Conjunctive perfect, third person feminine singular
Root: נָדַח 
Sense: to impel, thrust, drive away, banish.
יָד֤וֹ  his  hand 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: יָד  
Sense: hand.
בַגַּרְזֶן֙  with  the  ax 
Parse: Preposition-b, Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: גַּרְזֶן  
Sense: axe.
לִכְרֹ֣ת  to  cut  down 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: כָּרַת  
Sense: to cut, cut off, cut down, cut off a body part, cut out, eliminate, kill, cut a covenant.
הָעֵ֔ץ  the  tree 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: עֵץ  
Sense: tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows.
וְנָשַׁ֤ל  and  slips 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: נָשַׁל  
Sense: to slip off, drop off, clear away, draw off.
הַבַּרְזֶל֙  the  head 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: בַּרְזֶל  
Sense: iron.
הָעֵ֔ץ  the  handle 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: עֵץ  
Sense: tree, wood, timber, stock, plank, stalk, stick, gallows.
וּמָצָ֥א  and  strikes 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: מָצָא  
Sense: to find, attain to.
אֶת־  - 
Parse: Direct object marker
Root: אֹות 
Sense: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative.
רֵעֵ֖הוּ  his  neighbor 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: רֵעַ  
Sense: friend, companion, fellow, another person.
וָמֵ֑ת  so  that  he  dies 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: מוּת  
Sense: to die, kill, have one executed.
יָנ֛וּס  shall  flee 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: נוּס  
Sense: to flee, escape.
אַחַ֥ת  one 
Parse: Number, feminine singular construct
Root: אֶחָד  
Sense: one (number).
הֶעָרִים־  of  cities 
Parse: Article, Noun, feminine plural
Root: עִיר 
Sense: excitement, anguish.
הָאֵ֖לֶּה  these 
Parse: Article, Pronoun, common plural
Root: אֵהֶל 
Sense: these.
וָחָֽי  and  live 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: חָיָה  
Sense: to live, have life, remain alive, sustain life, live prosperously, live for ever, be quickened, be alive, be restored to life or health.

What are the major concepts related to Deuteronomy 19:5?

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