The Meaning of Exodus 22:14 Explained

Exodus 22:14

KJV: And if a man borrow ought of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof being not with it, he shall surely make it good.

YLT: And when a man doth ask anything from his neighbour, and it hath been hurt or hath died -- its owner not being with it -- he doth certainly repay;

Darby: And if a man borrow anything of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, its owner not being with it, he shall fully make it good;

ASV: And if a man borrow aught of his neighbor, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof not being with it, he shall surely make restitution.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And if a man  borrow  [ought] of his neighbour,  and it be hurt,  or die,  the owner  thereof [being] not with it,  he shall surely  make [it] good. 

What does Exodus 22:14 Mean?

Chapter Summary: Exodus 22

1  Of Theft
5  Of damage
7  Of trespasses
14  Of borrowing
16  Of fornication
18  Of witchcraft
19  Of bestiality
20  Of idolatry
21  Of strangers, widows, and fatherless
25  Of usury
26  Of pledges
28  Of reverence to magistrates
29  Of the first fruits
31  Of torn flesh

What do the individual words in Exodus 22:14 mean?

And if borrows [anything] a man from his neighbor and it becomes injured or dies the owner of it not [being] with it surely he shall make [it] good
וְכִֽי־ יִשְׁאַ֥ל אִ֛ישׁ מֵעִ֥ם רֵעֵ֖הוּ וְנִשְׁבַּ֣ר אוֹ־ מֵ֑ת בְּעָלָ֥יו אֵין־ עִמּ֖וֹ שַׁלֵּ֥ם יְשַׁלֵּֽם

וְכִֽי־  And  if 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Conjunction
Root: כִּי 
Sense: that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since.
יִשְׁאַ֥ל  borrows  [anything] 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁאַל 
Sense: to ask, enquire, borrow, beg.
אִ֛ישׁ  a  man 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: אִישׁ 
Sense: man.
רֵעֵ֖הוּ  his  neighbor 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: רֵעַ  
Sense: friend, companion, fellow, another person.
וְנִשְׁבַּ֣ר  and  it  becomes  injured 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Nifal, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁבוּר 
Sense: to break, break in pieces.
מֵ֑ת  dies 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: מוּת  
Sense: to die, kill, have one executed.
בְּעָלָ֥יו  the  owner  of  it 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct, third person masculine singular
Root: בָּעַל 
Sense: owner, husband, lord.
עִמּ֖וֹ  [being]  with  it 
Parse: Preposition, third person masculine singular
Root: עִם  
Sense: with.
שַׁלֵּ֥ם  surely 
Parse: Verb, Piel, Infinitive absolute
Root: שָׁלֵם  
Sense: .
יְשַׁלֵּֽם  he  shall  make  [it]  good 
Parse: Verb, Piel, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁלֵם  
Sense: .