KJV: He therefore that ministereth to you the Spirit, and worketh miracles among you, doeth he it by the works of the law, or by the hearing of faith?
YLT: He, therefore, who is supplying to you the Spirit, and working mighty acts among you -- by works of law or by the hearing of faith is it?
Darby: He therefore who ministers to you the Spirit, and works miracles among you, is it on the principle of works of law, or of the report of faith?
ASV: He therefore that supplieth to you the Spirit, and worketh miracles among you, doeth he it by the works of the law, or by the hearing of faith?
| ὁ | The [One] |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ἐπιχορηγῶν | supplying |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἐπιχορηγέω Sense: to supply, furnish, present. |
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| ὑμῖν | to you |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 2nd Person Plural Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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| Πνεῦμα | Spirit |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: πνεῦμα Sense: a movement of air (a gentle blast. |
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| ἐνεργῶν | working |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἐνεργέω Sense: to be operative, be at work, put forth power. |
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| δυνάμεις | miracles |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Plural Root: δύναμις Sense: strength power, ability. |
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| ἐξ | [is it] out of |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐκ Sense: out of, from, by, away from. |
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| ἔργων | works |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Plural Root: ἔργον Sense: business, employment, that which any one is occupied. |
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| νόμου | of the Law |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: νόμος Sense: anything established, anything received by usage, a custom, a law, a command. |
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| ἐξ | out of |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐκ Sense: out of, from, by, away from. |
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| ἀκοῆς | hearing |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ἀκοή Sense: the sense of hearing. |
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| πίστεως | of faith |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: πίστις Sense: conviction of the truth of anything, belief; in the NT of a conviction or belief respecting man’s relationship to God and divine things, generally with the included idea of trust and holy fervour born of faith and joined with it. |
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Greek Commentary for Galatians 3:5
It is God. See note on 2 Corinthians 9:10 for this present active participle. Cf. Philemon 1:19; 2 Peter 1:5. [source]
On the word ενεργων δυναμεις energeō see note on 1 Thessalonians 2:13; note on 1 Corinthians 12:6. It is a great word for God‘s activities (Philemon 2:13). “In you” (Lightfoot) is preferable to “among you” for ενεργεω en humin (1 Corinthians 13:10; Matthew 14:2). The principal verb for “doeth he it” (εν υμιν poiei) is not expressed. Paul repeats the contrast in Galatians 3:2 about “works of the law” and “the hearing of faith.” [source]
Resumes the thought of Galatians 3:2(Galatians 3:3, Galatians 3:4being, practically, parenthetical), in order to adduce the example of Abraham as a proof of justification by faith. The thought of Galatians 3:2is further emphasized. The gift of the Spirit, and the bestowment of miraculous powers, is a purely divine operation in believers, which is not merited by legal works, but can be received and experienced only through the message of faith. [source]
Or supplieth. See 2 Corinthians 9:10; Colossians 2:19; 2 Peter 1:5. The idea of abundant supply (Lightfoot), if conveyed at all, resides, not in the preposition ἐπὶ , which indicates direction, but in the simple verb, which is used of abundant, liberal supply. He that ministereth is God. [source]
See on 1 Thessalonians 2:13. [source]
See on Matthew 11:20. Either miracles, as Mark 6:2; 1 Corinthians 12:10, or miraculous powers, as 1 Corinthians 12:6; Philemon 2:13; Ephesians 2:2. The analogy of these latter passages favors the second meaning. [source]
So, if δυνάμεις is explained as miracles. If miraculous powers, render in you. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Galatians 3:5
ακουω Akoē from akouō to hear, is used of the sense of hearing (1 Corinthians 12:17), the ear with which one hears (Mark 7:35; Hebrews 5:11), the thing heard or the report (Romans 10:16) or oral instruction (Galatians 3:2, Galatians 3:5). Both Matthew 8:5-13; Luke 7:1-10 locate the healing of the centurion‘s servant in Capernaum where Jesus was after the Sermon on the Mount. [source]
First aorist active indicative. There is here a reference to the conclusion of the Sermon on the Mount, but with nothing concerning the impression produced by the discourse such as is seen in Matthew 7:28. This verse really belongs as the conclusion of Chapter 6, not as the beginning of Chapter 7.In the ears of the people (Ακοη eis tas akoas tou laou). ακουω Akoē from akouō to hear, is used of the sense of hearing (1 Corinthians 12:17), the ear with which one hears (Mark 7:35; Hebrews 5:11), the thing heard or the report (Romans 10:16) or oral instruction (Galatians 3:2, Galatians 3:5). Both Matthew 8:5-13; Luke 7:1-10 locate the healing of the centurion‘s servant in Capernaum where Jesus was after the Sermon on the Mount. [source]
From πνέω tobreathe or blow. The primary conception is wind or breath. Breath being the sign and condition of life in man, it comes to signify life. In this sense, physiologically considered, it is frequent in the classics. In the psychological sense, never. In the Old Testament it is ordinarily the translation of ruach It is also used to translate chai life, Isaiah 38:12; nbreath, 1 Kings 17:17. In the New Testament it occurs in the sense of wind or breath, John 3:8; 2 Thessalonians 2:8; Hebrews 1:7. Closely related to the physiological sense are such passages as Luke 8:55; James 2:26; Revelation 13:15. Pauline Usage: 1. Breath, 2 Thessalonians 2:8. 2. The spirit or mind of man; the inward, self-conscious principle which feels and thinks and wills (1 Corinthians 2:11; 1 Corinthians 5:3; 1 Corinthians 7:34; Colossians 2:5). In this sense it is distinguished from σῶμα bodyor accompanied with a personal pronoun in the genitive, as my, our, his spirit (Romans 1:9; Romans 8:16; 1 Corinthians 5:4; 1 Corinthians 16:18, etc.). It is used as parallel with ψυχή souland καρδία heartSee 1 Corinthians 5:3; 1 Thessalonians 2:17; and compare John 13:21and John 12:27; Matthew 26:38and Luke 1:46, Luke 1:47. But while ψυχή soulis represented as the subject of life, πνεύμα spiritrepresents the principle of life, having independent activity in all circumstances of the perceptive and emotional life, and never as the subject. Generally, πνεύμα spiritmay be described as the principle, ψυχή soulas the subject, and καρδία heartas the organ of life. 3. The spiritual nature of Christ. Romans 1:4; 1 Corinthians 15:45; 1 Timothy 3:16. 4. The divine power or influence belonging to God, and communicated in Christ to men, in virtue of which they become πνευματικοί spiritual - recipientsand organs of the Spirit. This is Paul's most common use of the word. Romans 8:9; 1 Corinthians 2:13; Galatians 4:6; Galatians 6:1; 1 Thessalonians 4:8. In this sense it appears as: a. Spirit of God. Romans 8:9, Romans 8:11, Romans 8:14; 1 Corinthians 2:10, 1 Corinthians 2:11, 1 Corinthians 2:12, 1 Corinthians 2:14; 1 Corinthians 3:16; 1 Corinthians 6:11; 1 Corinthians 7:40; 2 Corinthians 3:3; Ephesians 3:16. b. Spirit of Christ. Romans 8:9; 2 Corinthians 3:17, 2 Corinthians 3:18; Galatians 4:6; Philemon 1:19. c. Holy Spirit. Romans 5:5; 1 Corinthians 6:19; 1 Corinthians 12:3; Ephesians 1:13; 1 Thessalonians 1:5, 1 Thessalonians 1:6; 1 Thessalonians 4:8, etc. d. Spirit. With or without the article, but with its reference to the Spirit of God or Holy Spirit indicated by the context. Romans 8:16, Romans 8:23, Romans 8:26, Romans 8:27; Romans 8:1-13 1 Corinthians 2:10; 1 Corinthians 12:4, 1 Corinthians 12:7, 1 Corinthians 12:8, 1 Samuel 16:14-16,8; Ephesians 4:3; 2 Thessalonians 2:13, etc. 5. A power or influence, the character, manifestations, or results of which are more peculiarly defined by qualifying genitives. Thus spirit of meekness, faith, power, wisdom. Romans 8:2, Romans 8:15; 1 Corinthians 4:21; 2 Corinthians 4:13; Galatians 6:1; Ephesians 1:17; 2 Timothy 1:7, etc. These combinations with the genitives are not mere periphrases for a faculty or disposition of man. By the spirit of meekness or wisdom, for instance, is not meant merely a meek or wise spirit; but that meekness, wisdom, power, etc., are gifts of the Spirit of God. This usage is according to Old Testament analogy. Compare Exodus 28:3; Exodus 31:3; Exodus 35:31; Isaiah 11:2. 6. In the plural, used of spiritual gifts or of those who profess to be under spiritual influence, 1 Corinthians 12:10; 1 Corinthians 14:12. 7. Powers or influences alien or averse from the divine Spirit, but with some qualifying word. Thus, the spirit of the world; another spirit; spirit of slumber. Romans 11:8; 1 Corinthians 2:12; 2 Corinthians 11:4; Ephesians 2:2; 2 Timothy 1:7. Where these expressions are in negative form they are framed after the analogy of the positive counterpart with which they are placed in contrast. Thus Romans 8:15: “Ye have not received the spirit of bondage, but of adoption. In other cases, as Ephesians 2:2, where the expression is positive, the conception is shaped according to Old-Testament usage, where spirits of evil are conceived as issuing from, and dependent upon, God, so far as He permits their operation and makes them subservient to His own ends. See Judges 9:23; 1713606911_50 1 Samuel 16:23; 1 Samuel 18:10; 1 Kings 22:21sqq.; Isaiah 19:4. Spirit is found contrasted with letter, Romans 2:29; Romans 7:6; 2 Corinthians 3:6. With flesh, 1 Corinthians 2:4,; Galatians 5:16, Galatians 5:24. It is frequently associated with the idea of power (Romans 1:4; Romans 15:13, Romans 15:19; 1 Corinthians 2:4; Galatians 3:5; Ephesians 3:16; 2 Timothy 1:7); and the verb ἐνεργεῖν , denoting to work efficaciously, is used to mark its special operation (1 Corinthians 12:11; Ephesians 3:20; Philemon 2:13; Colossians 1:29). It is also closely associated with life, Romans 8:2, Romans 8:6, Romans 8:11, Romans 8:13; 1 Corinthians 15:4, 1 Corinthians 15:5; 2 Corinthians 3:6; Galatians 5:25; Galatians 6:8. It is the common possession of the Church and its members; not an occasional gift, but an essential element and mark of the christian life; not appearing merely or mainly in exceptional, marvelous, ecstatic demonstrations, but as the motive and mainspring of all christian action and feeling. It reveals itself in confession (1 Corinthians 12:3); in the consciousness of sonship (Romans 8:16); in the knowledge of the love of God (Romans 5:5); in the peace and joy of faith (Romans 14:17; 1 Thessalonians 1:6); in hope (Romans 5:5; Romans 15:13). It leads believers (Romans 8:14; Galatians 5:18): they serve in newness of the Spirit (Romans 7:6) They walk after the Spirit (Romans 8:4, Romans 8:5; Galatians 5:16-25). Through the Spirit they are sanctified (2 Thessalonians 2:13). It manifests itself in the diversity of forms and operations, appearing under two main aspects: a difference of gifts, and a difference of functions. See Romans 8:9; 1 Corinthians 3:16; 1 Corinthians 5:1, 1 Corinthians 5:11; 1 Corinthians 12:13; Ephesians 1:13; Ephesians 4:3, Ephesians 4:4, Ephesians 4:30; Philemon 2:1; [source]
Workings of powers. Cf. ενεργων δυναμεις energōn dunameis in Galatians 3:5; Hebrews 2:4 where all three words are used Some of the miracles were not healings as the blindness on Elymas the sorcerer. [source]
Comp. 1 Corinthians 3:1. Mostly in Paul. See 1 Peter 2:5. Those who have received the Spirit and are led by him. See Galatians 3:2, Galatians 3:3, Galatians 3:5, Galatians 3:14; Galatians 4:6; Galatians 5:5, Galatians 5:16, Galatians 5:18, Galatians 5:25. He leaves it to the readers' own conscience whether or not they answer to this designation. [source]
The answer to the question of Galatians 3:5is so obvious that it is not given. Paul proceeds at once to the illustration - the argument for the righteousness of faith furnished in the justification of Abraham. The spiritual gifts come through the message of faith, even as Abraham believed, etc. [source]
See on add, 2 Peter 1:5. Compare Galatians 3:5. The word implies bountiful supply. [source]
For his release from prison as he strongly hopes to see them again (Phlippians 1:26). Lightfoot takes the word to be Paul‘s eternal salvation and it must be confessed that Phlippians 1:20 (the close of this sentence) does suit that idea best. Can it be that Paul carried both conceptions in the word here? Supply (επιχορηγιας epichorēgias). Late and rare word (one example in inscription of first century a.d.). In N.T. only here and Ephesians 4:16. From the late verb επιχορηγεω epichorēgeō (double compound, επι χοροσ ηγεομαι epichoroshēgeomai to furnish supply for the chorus) which see in 2 Corinthians 9:10; Galatians 3:5. [source]
Late and rare word (one example in inscription of first century a.d.). In N.T. only here and Ephesians 4:16. From the late verb επιχορηγεω epichorēgeō (double compound, επι χοροσ ηγεομαι epichoroshēgeomai to furnish supply for the chorus) which see in 2 Corinthians 9:10; Galatians 3:5. [source]
Masculine ablative rather than εχ ης ex hēs Being supplied (επιχορηγουμενον epichorēgoumenon). Present passive participle (continuous action) of επιχορηγεω epichorēgeō for which interesting verb see already 2 Corinthians 9:10; Galatians 3:5 and further 2 Peter 1:5. Knit together Present passive participle also (continuous action) of συνβιβαζω sunbibazō for which see note on Colossians 2:2. Through the joints (δια των απων dia tōn haphōn). Late word απη haphē (from απτω haptō to fasten together), connections (junctura and nexus in the Vulgate). And bonds Old word from συνδεω sundeō to bind together. Aristotle and Galen use it of the human body. Both words picture well the wonderful unity in the body by cells, muscles, arteries, veins, nerves, skin, glands, etc. It is a marvellous machine working together under the direction of the head. Increaseth with the increase of God (αυχει την αυχησιν του τεου auxei tēn auxēsin tou theou). Cognate accusative (αυχησιν auxēsin) with the old verb αυχει auxei f0). [source]
Present passive participle (continuous action) of επιχορηγεω epichorēgeō for which interesting verb see already 2 Corinthians 9:10; Galatians 3:5 and further 2 Peter 1:5. [source]
The A. V. is entirely wrong. The verb rendered add ( ἐπιχορηγήσατε ) is derived from χορός a chorus, such as was employed in the representation of the Greek tragedies. The verb originally means to bear the expense of a chorus, which was done by a person selected by the state, who was obliged to defray all the expenses of training and maintenance. In the New Testament the word has lost this technical sense, and is used in the general sense of supplying or providing. The verb is used by Paul (2 Corinthians 9:10; Galatians 3:5; Colossians 2:19), and is rendered minister (A. V.), supply (Rev.); and the simple verb χορηγέω , minister, occurs 1 Peter 4:11; 2 Corinthians 9:10. Here the Rev., properly, renders supply. [source]
First aorist active participle of εισπερω pareispherō old double compound, to bring in Old word from πασαν σπουδην speudō to hasten (Luke 19:5.). This phrase (ποιουμενος pāsan spoudēn) occurs in Judges 1:3 with ισπερεσται poioumenos and on the inscription in Stratonicea (2 Peter 1:3) with εν τηι πιστει υμων ispheresthai (certainly a curious coincidence, to say the least, though common in the Koiné).In your faith Faith or αγαπη pistis (strong conviction as in Hebrews 11:1, Hebrews 11:3, the root of the Christian life Ephesians 2:8) is the foundation which goes through various steps up to love See similar lists in James 1:3; 1 Thessalonians 1:3; 2 Thessalonians 1:3.; Galatians 5:22.; Romans 5:3.; Romans 8:29. Hermas (Vis. iii. 8. 1-7) has a list called “daughters” of one another. Note the use of επιχορηγησατε en (in, on) with each step.Supply (επιχορηγεω epichorēgēsate). First aorist active imperative of επι epichorēgeō late and rare double compound verb (χορηγεω epi and χορηγος chorēgeō 1 Peter 4:11 from χορος chorēgos chorus-leader, ηγεομαι choros and αρετην hēgeomai to lead), to fit out the chorus with additional (complete) supplies. Both compound and simplex (more common) occur in the papyri. In 2 Peter 1:11 and already in 2 Corinthians 9:10; Galatians 3:5; Colossians 2:19.Virtue Moral power, moral energy, vigor of soul (Bengel). See 2 Peter 1:3.Knowledge (gnōsin). Insight, understanding (1 Corinthians 16:18; John 15:15). [source]
Faith or αγαπη pistis (strong conviction as in Hebrews 11:1, Hebrews 11:3, the root of the Christian life Ephesians 2:8) is the foundation which goes through various steps up to love See similar lists in James 1:3; 1 Thessalonians 1:3; 2 Thessalonians 1:3.; Galatians 5:22.; Romans 5:3.; Romans 8:29. Hermas (Vis. iii. 8. 1-7) has a list called “daughters” of one another. Note the use of επιχορηγησατε en (in, on) with each step.Supply (επιχορηγεω epichorēgēsate). First aorist active imperative of επι epichorēgeō late and rare double compound verb (χορηγεω epi and χορηγος chorēgeō 1 Peter 4:11 from χορος chorēgos chorus-leader, ηγεομαι choros and αρετην hēgeomai to lead), to fit out the chorus with additional (complete) supplies. Both compound and simplex (more common) occur in the papyri. In 2 Peter 1:11 and already in 2 Corinthians 9:10; Galatians 3:5; Colossians 2:19.Virtue Moral power, moral energy, vigor of soul (Bengel). See 2 Peter 1:3.Knowledge (gnōsin). Insight, understanding (1 Corinthians 16:18; John 15:15). [source]
First aorist active imperative of επι epichorēgeō late and rare double compound verb (χορηγεω epi and χορηγος chorēgeō 1 Peter 4:11 from χορος chorēgos chorus-leader, ηγεομαι choros and αρετην hēgeomai to lead), to fit out the chorus with additional (complete) supplies. Both compound and simplex (more common) occur in the papyri. In 2 Peter 1:11 and already in 2 Corinthians 9:10; Galatians 3:5; Colossians 2:19. [source]