The Meaning of Genesis 15:12 Explained

Genesis 15:12

KJV: And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, an horror of great darkness fell upon him.

YLT: And the sun is about to go in, and deep sleep hath fallen upon Abram, and lo, a terror of great darkness is falling upon him;

Darby: And as the sun was just going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and behold, a horror, a great darkness, fell upon him.

ASV: And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, a horror of great darkness fell upon him.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And when the sun  was going down,  a deep sleep  fell  upon Abram;  and, lo, an horror  of great  darkness  fell  upon him. 

What does Genesis 15:12 Mean?

Verse Meaning

Abram"s terror reflects his reaction to the flame that passed between the parts and to the revelation of the character of God that the flame represented (cf. Genesis 15:17).

Context Summary

Genesis 15:1-21 - Abram's Vision Of The Future
Abram had good reason to fear the vengeance of the defeated kings; but the divine voice reassured him. For all of us there is need of a shield, because the world hates us; and for each God will be our compensation for every sacrifice we have made. Refuse to take even the shoe-latchets of Sodom, and God will be your exceeding great reward. The patriarch addressed God as Adonai Jehovah, which occurs only twice more in the Pentateuch. While he was pouring out the bitterness of his soul, the stars came out. Count these, said his Almighty Friend; and he believed. For the first time that mighty word occurs in Scripture, and the Apostle makes much of it. See Romans 4:9; Galatians 3:6. It was as good as done. Henceforth the patriarch reckoned on God's faithfulness. In olden times covenants were ratified by the parties passing between the pieces of the sacrifice. To give strong consolation, the Almighty confirmed His word with an oath. See Hebrews 6:18. But God must wait until the hour for interposition is fully come. [source]

Chapter Summary: Genesis 15

1  God encourages Abram, who asks for an heir
4  God promises him a son, and a multiplying of his seed
6  Abram is justified by faith
7  Canaan is promised again,
9  and confirmed by a sign, and a vision,
18  prophetic of the condition of his posterity till brought out of Egypt

What do the individual words in Genesis 15:12 mean?

And when the sun was going [down] then a deep sleep fell upon Abram and behold terror and darkness great fell upon him
וַיְהִ֤י הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לָב֔וֹא וְתַרְדֵּמָ֖ה נָפְלָ֣ה עַל־ אַבְרָ֑ם וְהִנֵּ֥ה אֵימָ֛ה חֲשֵׁכָ֥ה גְדֹלָ֖ה נֹפֶ֥לֶת עָלָֽיו

וַיְהִ֤י  And  when 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: אֶהְיֶה 
Sense: to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out.
הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙  the  sun 
Parse: Article, Noun, common singular
Root: שֶׁמֶשׁ  
Sense: sun.
לָב֔וֹא  was  going  [down] 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: בֹּוא 
Sense: to go in, enter, come, go, come in.
וְתַרְדֵּמָ֖ה  then  a  deep  sleep 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, feminine singular
Root: תַּרְדֵּמָה  
Sense: deep sleep, trance.
נָפְלָ֣ה  fell 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person feminine singular
Root: נָפַל  
Sense: to fall, lie, be cast down, fail.
עַל־  upon 
Parse: Preposition
Root: עַל 
Sense: upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against.
אַבְרָ֑ם  Abram 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: אַבְרָם  
Sense: original name of Abraham.
וְהִנֵּ֥ה  and  behold 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Interjection
Root: הִנֵּה  
Sense: behold, lo, see, if.
אֵימָ֛ה  terror 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular
Root: אֵימָה 
Sense: terror, dread.
חֲשֵׁכָ֥ה  and  darkness 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular
Root: חֲשֵׁכָה  
Sense: darkness.
גְדֹלָ֖ה  great 
Parse: Adjective, feminine singular
Root: גָּבֹול 
Sense: great.
נֹפֶ֥לֶת  fell 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Participle, feminine singular
Root: נָפַל  
Sense: to fall, lie, be cast down, fail.
עָלָֽיו  upon  him 
Parse: Preposition, third person masculine singular
Root: עַל 
Sense: upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against.