KJV: Speak not evil one of another, brethren. He that speaketh evil of his brother, and judgeth his brother, speaketh evil of the law, and judgeth the law: but if thou judge the law, thou art not a doer of the law, but a judge.
YLT: Speak not one against another, brethren; he who is speaking against a brother, and is judging his brother, doth speak against law, and doth judge law, and if law thou dost judge, thou art not a doer of law but a judge;
Darby: Speak not against one another, brethren. He that speaks against his brother, or judges his brother, speaks against the law and judges the law. But if thou judgest the law, thou art not doer of the law, but judge.
ASV: Speak not one against another, brethren. He that speaketh against a brother, or judgeth his brother, speaketh against the law, and judgeth the law: but if thou judgest the law, thou art not a doer of the law, but a judge.
| καταλαλεῖτε | speak against |
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Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: καταλαλέω Sense: to speak against one, to criminate, traduce. |
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| ἀλλήλων | one another |
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Parse: Personal / Reciprocal Pronoun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: ἀλλήλων Sense: one another, reciprocally, mutually. |
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| ἀδελφοί | brothers |
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Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Plural Root: ἀδελφός Sense: a brother, whether born of the same two parents or only of the same father or mother. |
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| ὁ | The [one] |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| καταλαλῶν | speaking against |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: καταλαλέω Sense: to speak against one, to criminate, traduce. |
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| ἀδελφοῦ | [his] brother |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ἀδελφός Sense: a brother, whether born of the same two parents or only of the same father or mother. |
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| κρίνων | judging |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: κρίνω Sense: to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose. |
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| ἀδελφὸν | brother |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ἀδελφός Sense: a brother, whether born of the same two parents or only of the same father or mother. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| καταλαλεῖ | speaks against |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: καταλαλέω Sense: to speak against one, to criminate, traduce. |
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| νόμου | [the] Law |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: νόμος Sense: anything established, anything received by usage, a custom, a law, a command. |
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| κρίνει | judges |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: κρίνω Sense: to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose. |
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| νόμον | [the] Law |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: νόμος Sense: anything established, anything received by usage, a custom, a law, a command. |
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| δὲ | however |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| κρίνεις | you judge |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: κρίνω Sense: to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose. |
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| εἶ | you are |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| ποιητὴς | a doer |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ποιητής Sense: a maker, a producer, author. |
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| νόμου | of [the] Law |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: νόμος Sense: anything established, anything received by usage, a custom, a law, a command. |
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| κριτής | a judge |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: κριτής Sense: one who passes or arrogates to himself, judgment on anything. |
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Greek Commentary for James 4:11
Prohibition against such a habit or a command to quit doing it, with μη mē and the present imperative of καταλαλεω katalaleō old compound usually with the accusative in ancient Greek, in N.T. only with the genitive (here, 1 Peter 2:12; 1 Peter 3:16). Often harsh words about the absent. James returns to the subject of the tongue as he does again in James 5:12 (twice before, James 1:26; James 3:1-12). [source]
In the sense of harsh judgment as in Matthew 7:1; Luke 6:37 (explained by καταδικαζω katadikazō).Not a doer of the law, but a judge (ουκ ποιητης νομου αλλα κριτης ouk poiētēs nomoualla kritēs). This tone of superiority to law is here sharply condemned. James has in mind God‘s law, of course, but the point is the same for all laws under which we live. We cannot select the laws which we will obey unless some contravene God‘s law, and so our own conscience (Acts 4:20). Then we are willing to give our lives for our rebellion if need be. [source]
This tone of superiority to law is here sharply condemned. James has in mind God‘s law, of course, but the point is the same for all laws under which we live. We cannot select the laws which we will obey unless some contravene God‘s law, and so our own conscience (Acts 4:20). Then we are willing to give our lives for our rebellion if need be. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for James 4:11
Old word from πσιτυριζω psithurizō to speak into the ear, to speak secretly, an onomatopoetic word like πσιτυρισμος psithurismos (2 Corinthians 12:20) and only here in N.T. Backbiters (καταλαλους katalalous). Found nowhere else except in Hermas, compound like καταλαλεω katalaleō to talk back (James 4:11), and καταλαλια katalalia talking back (2 Corinthians 12:20), talkers back whether secretly or openly. Hateful to God Old word from τεος theos and στυγεω stugeō All the ancient examples take it in the passive sense and so probably here. So στυγητος stugētos (Titus 3:13). Vulgate has deo odibiles. Insolent (υβριστας hubristas). Old word for agent from υβριζω hubrizō to give insult to, here alone in N.T. save 1 Timothy 1:13. Haughty From υπερ huper and παινομαι phainomai to appear above others, arrogant in thought and conduct, “stuck up.” Boastful (αλαζονας alazonas). From αλη alē wandering. Empty pretenders, swaggerers, braggarts. Inventors of evil things Inventors of new forms of vice as Nero was. Tacitus (Ann. IV. ii) describes Sejanus as facinorum omnium repertor and Virgil (Aen. ii. 163) scelerum inventor. Disobedient to parents (γονευσιν απειτεις goneusin apeitheis). Cf. 1 Timothy 1:9; 2 Timothy 3:2. An ancient and a modern trait. [source]
Found nowhere else except in Hermas, compound like καταλαλεω katalaleō to talk back (James 4:11), and καταλαλια katalalia talking back (2 Corinthians 12:20), talkers back whether secretly or openly. [source]
Condition of first class, assumed as true with ει ei and present active indicative of τελεω teleō old verb, to bring to completion, occurring in Romans 2:27 also with νομος nomos (law). Jesus used πληροω plēroō in Matthew 4:17. James has τηρεω tēreō in James 2:10.The royal law (νομον βασιλικον nomon basilikon). Old adjective for royal, regal (from βασιλευς basileus king), as of an officer (John 4:46). But why applied to νομος nomos The Romans had a phrase, lex regia, which came from the king when they had kings. The absence of the article is common with νομος nomos (James 4:11). It can mean a law fit to guide a king, or such as a king would choose, or even the king of laws. Jesus had said that on the law of love hang all the law and the prophets (Matthew 22:40), and he had given the Golden Rule as the substance of the Law and the prophets (Matthew 7:12). This is probably the royal law which is violated by partiality (James 2:3). It is in accord with the Scripture quoted here (Leviticus 19:18) and ratified by Jesus (Luke 10:28). [source]
Old adjective for royal, regal (from βασιλευς basileus king), as of an officer (John 4:46). But why applied to νομος nomos The Romans had a phrase, lex regia, which came from the king when they had kings. The absence of the article is common with νομος nomos (James 4:11). It can mean a law fit to guide a king, or such as a king would choose, or even the king of laws. Jesus had said that on the law of love hang all the law and the prophets (Matthew 22:40), and he had given the Golden Rule as the substance of the Law and the prophets (Matthew 7:12). This is probably the royal law which is violated by partiality (James 2:3). It is in accord with the Scripture quoted here (Leviticus 19:18) and ratified by Jesus (Luke 10:28). [source]