KJV: Do ye think that the scripture saith in vain, The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy?
YLT: Do ye think that emptily the Writing saith, 'To envy earnestly desireth the spirit that did dwell in us,'
Darby: Think ye that the scripture speaks in vain? Does the Spirit which has taken his abode in us desire enviously?
ASV: Or think ye that the scripture speaketh in vain? Doth the spirit which he made to dwell in us long unto envying?
δοκεῖτε | think you |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: δοκέω Sense: to be of opinion, think, suppose. |
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ὅτι | that |
Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅτι Sense: that, because, since. |
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κενῶς | in vain |
Parse: Adverb Root: κενῶς Sense: vainly, in vain. |
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γραφὴ | Scripture |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: γραφή Sense: a writing, thing written. |
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λέγει | says |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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φθόνον | envy |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: φθόνος Sense: envy. |
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ἐπιποθεῖ | yearns |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἐπιποθέω Sense: to long for, desire. |
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πνεῦμα | Spirit |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: πνεῦμα Sense: a movement of air (a gentle blast. |
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ὃ | that |
Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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κατῴκισεν | He has made to dwell |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: κατοικέω Sense: to dwell, settle. |
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ἡμῖν | us |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 1st Person Plural Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
Greek Commentary for James 4:5
Personification as in Galatians 3:8; James 2:23. But no O.T. passage is precisely like this, though it is “a poetical rendering” (Ropes) of Exodus 20:5. The general thought occurs also in Genesis 6:3-5; Isaiah 63:8-16, etc. Paul has the same idea also (Galatians 5:17, Galatians 5:21; Romans 8:6, Romans 8:8). It is possible that the reference is really to the quotation in James 4:6 from Proverbs 3:34 and treating all before as a parenthesis. There is no way to decide positively. [source]
Old adverb (Aristotle) from κενως kenōs (James 2:20), here alone in N.T. “Emptily,” not meaning what it says.Made to dwell (κατωικισεν katōikisen). First aorist active of κατοικιζω katoikizō old verb, to give a dwelling to, only here in N.T.Long unto envying A difficult phrase. Some even take προς πτονον pros phthonon with λεγει legei rather than with επιποτει epipothei as it naturally does go, meaning “jealously.” But even so, with God presented as a jealous lover, does το πνευμα to pneuma refer to the Holy Spirit as the subject of επιποτει epipothei or to man‘s spirit as the object of επιποτει epipothei Probably the former and επιποτει epipothei then means to yearn after in the good sense as in Philemon 1:8. [source]
First aorist active of κατοικιζω katoikizō old verb, to give a dwelling to, only here in N.T. [source]
A difficult phrase. Some even take προς πτονον pros phthonon with λεγει legei rather than with επιποτει epipothei as it naturally does go, meaning “jealously.” But even so, with God presented as a jealous lover, does το πνευμα to pneuma refer to the Holy Spirit as the subject of επιποτει epipothei or to man‘s spirit as the object of επιποτει epipothei Probably the former and επιποτει epipothei then means to yearn after in the good sense as in Philemon 1:8. [source]
See on James 1:26. [source]
See on Mark 12:10. Properly, apassage of scripture. [source]
Only here in New Testament. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for James 4:5
Permanently. See on Luke 11:26. Compare the Septuagint usage of κατοικεῖν permanentdwelling, and παροικεῖν transientsojourning. Thus Genesis 37:1, “Jacob dwelt (permanently, κατῴκει ) in the land where his father sojourned ( παρῷκησεν A.V., was a stranger ). Perhaps in contrast with the partial and transient connection of the pleroma with Christ asserted by the false teachers. The word is used of the indwelling of the Father, Ephesians 2:22( κατοικητήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ habitationof God ); of the Son, Ephesians 3:17; and of the Spirit, James 4:5. [source]