KJV: These are spots in your feasts of charity, when they feast with you, feeding themselves without fear: clouds they are without water, carried about of winds; trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots;
YLT: These are in your love-feasts craggy rocks; feasting together with you, without fear shepherding themselves; clouds without water, by winds carried about; trees autumnal, without fruit, twice dead, rooted up;
Darby: These are spots in your love-feasts, feasting together with you without fear, pasturing themselves; clouds without water, carried along by the winds; autumnal trees, without fruit, twice dead, rooted up;
ASV: These are they who are hidden rocks in your love-feasts when they feast with you, shepherds that without fear feed themselves; clouds without water, carried along by winds; autumn leaves without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots;
Οὗτοί | These |
Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: οὗτος Sense: this. |
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οἱ | the ones |
Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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ἀγάπαις | love feasts |
Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Plural Root: ἀγάπη Sense: brotherly love, affection, good will, love, benevolence. |
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ὑμῶν | of you |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 2nd Person Plural Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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σπιλάδες | hidden reefs |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Plural Root: σπιλάς Sense: a rock in the sea, ledge, reef. |
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συνευωχούμενοι | feasting together [with you] |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: συνευωχέομαι Sense: to entertain together. |
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ἀφόβως | fearlessly |
Parse: Adverb Root: ἀφόβως Sense: without fear, boldly. |
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ἑαυτοὺς | themselves |
Parse: Reflexive Pronoun, Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: ἑαυτοῦ Sense: himself, herself, itself, themselves. |
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ποιμαίνοντες | shepherding |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ποιμαίνω Sense: to feed, to tend a flock, keep sheep. |
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νεφέλαι | clouds |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Plural Root: νεφέλη Sense: a cloud. |
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ἄνυδροι | without water |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Feminine Plural Root: ἄνυδρος Sense: without water. |
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ἀνέμων | winds |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: ἄνεμος Sense: wind, a violent agitation and stream of air. |
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παραφερόμεναι | being carried about |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Feminine Plural Root: παραφέρω Sense: to bear to, bring to, put before. |
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δένδρα | trees |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: δένδρον Sense: a tree. |
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φθινοπωρινὰ | autumnal |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: φθινοπωρινός Sense: autumn trees. |
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ἄκαρπα | without fruit |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: ἄκαρπος Sense: metaph. |
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δὶς | twice |
Parse: Adverb Root: δίς Sense: twice. |
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ἀποθανόντα | having died |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: ἀποθνῄσκω Sense: to die. |
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ἐκριζωθέντα | having been uprooted |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Passive, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: ἐκριζόω Sense: to root out, pluck up by the roots. |
Greek Commentary for Jude 1:12
Old word for rocks in the sea (covered by the water), as in Homer, here only in N.T. 2 Peter 2:13 has σπιλοι spiloi Undoubtedly the correct text here, though A C have απαταις apatais as in 2 Peter 2:14. For disorder at the Lord‘s Supper (and love-feasts?) see 1 Cor 11:17-34. The Gnostics made it worse, so that the love-feasts were discontinued. [source]
See 2 Peter 2:13 for this very word and form. Masculine gender with ουτοι οι houtoi hoi rather than with the feminine σπιλαδες spilades Cf. Revelation 11:4. Construction according to sense.Shepherds that feed themselves (εαυτους ποιμαινοντες heautous poimainontes). “Shepherding themselves.” Cf. Revelation 7:17 for this use of ποιμαινω poimainō Clouds without water (νεπελαι ανυδροι nephelai anudroi). Νεπελη Nephelē common word for cloud (Matthew 24:30). 2 Peter 2:17 has πηγαι ανυδροι pēgai anudroi (springs without water) and then ομιχλαι homichlai (mists) and ελαυνομεναι elaunomenai (driven) rather than περιπερομεναι peripheromenai here (borne around, whirled around, present passive participle of περιπερω peripherō to bear around), a powerful picture of disappointed hopes.Autumn trees Late adjective (Aristotle, Polybius, Strabo) from πτινω phthinō to waste away, and οπωρα opōra autumn, here only in N.T. For ακαρπα akarpa (without fruit) see 2 Peter 1:8.Twice dead (δις αποτανοντα dis apothanonta). Second aorist active participle of αποτνησκω apothnēskō Fruitless and having died. Having died and also “uprooted” (εκριζωτεντα ekrizōthenta). First aorist passive participle of εκριζοω ekrizoō late compound, to root out, to pluck up by the roots, as in Matthew 13:29. [source]
“Shepherding themselves.” Cf. Revelation 7:17 for this use of ποιμαινω poimainō Clouds without water Νεπελη Nephelē common word for cloud (Matthew 24:30). 2 Peter 2:17 has πηγαι ανυδροι pēgai anudroi (springs without water) and then ομιχλαι homichlai (mists) and ελαυνομεναι elaunomenai (driven) rather than περιπερομεναι peripheromenai here (borne around, whirled around, present passive participle of περιπερω peripherō to bear around), a powerful picture of disappointed hopes. [source]
Late adjective (Aristotle, Polybius, Strabo) from πτινω phthinō to waste away, and οπωρα opōra autumn, here only in N.T. For ακαρπα akarpa (without fruit) see 2 Peter 1:8.Twice dead (δις αποτανοντα dis apothanonta). Second aorist active participle of αποτνησκω apothnēskō Fruitless and having died. Having died and also “uprooted” (εκριζωτεντα ekrizōthenta). First aorist passive participle of εκριζοω ekrizoō late compound, to root out, to pluck up by the roots, as in Matthew 13:29. [source]
Second aorist active participle of αποτνησκω apothnēskō Fruitless and having died. Having died and also “uprooted” First aorist passive participle of εκριζοω ekrizoō late compound, to root out, to pluck up by the roots, as in Matthew 13:29. [source]
Only here in New Testament. So rendered in A. V., because understood as kindred to σπῖλοι (2 Peter 2:13); but rightly, as Rev., hidden rocks. So Homer, (“Odyssey,” iii., 298), “the waves dashed the ship against the rocks ( σπιλάδεσσιν ).” See on deceivings, 2 Peter 2:13. These men were no longer mere blots, but elements of danger and wreck. [source]
See on 2 Peter 2:13. [source]
See on 1 Peter 5:2. Lit., shepherding themselves; and so Rev., shepherds that feed themselves; further their own schemes and lusts instead of tending the flock of God. Compare Isaiah 56:11. [source]
Of such judgments as visited Ananias and Sapphira. Possibly, as Lumby suggests, implying a rebuke to the Christian congregations for having suffered such practices. [source]
Compare 2 Peter 2:17, springs without water. As clouds which seem to be charged with refreshing showers, but are borne past ( παραφερόμεναι ) and yield no rain. [source]
From φθίνω or φθίω , to waste away, pine, and ὀπώρα , autumn. Hence, literally, pertaining to the late autumn, and rightly rendered by Rev., autumn (trees). The A. V. is entirely wrong. Wyc., harvest trees. Tynd., trees without fruit at gathering-time. [source]
Not only the apparent death of winter, but a real death; so that it only remains to pluck them up by the roots. [source]