The Meaning of Leviticus 19:20 Explained

Leviticus 19:20

KJV: And whosoever lieth carnally with a woman, that is a bondmaid, betrothed to an husband, and not at all redeemed, nor freedom given her; she shall be scourged; they shall not be put to death, because she was not free.

YLT: And when a man lieth with a woman with seed of copulation, and she a maid-servant, betrothed to a man, and not really ransomed, or freedom hath not been given to her, an investigation there is; they are not put to death, for she is not free.

Darby: And if a man lie with a woman for copulation, and she is a bondwoman betrothed to a husband, but not at all ransomed, nor hath freedom been given to her, there shall be a chastisement: they shall not be put to death, for she was not free.

ASV: And whosoever lieth carnally with a woman, that is a bondmaid, betrothed to a husband, and not at all redeemed, nor freedom given her; they shall be punished; they shall not be put to death, because she was not free.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And whosoever  lieth  carnally  with a woman,  that [is] a bondmaid,  betrothed  to an husband,  and not at all  redeemed,  nor freedom  given  her; she shall be scourged;  they shall not be put to death,  because she was not free. 

What does Leviticus 19:20 Mean?

Chapter Summary: Leviticus 19

1  A repetition of various laws

What do the individual words in Leviticus 19:20 mean?

A man if he lies with a woman lying sowing and she [is] a concubine betrothed to a man and at all not who has been redeemed or freedom nor given her scourging for this there shall be [but] they shall be put to death because she was free
וְ֠אִישׁ כִּֽי־ יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת־ אִשָּׁ֜ה שִׁכְבַת־ זֶ֗רַע וְהִ֤וא שִׁפְחָה֙ נֶחֱרֶ֣פֶת לְאִ֔ישׁ וְהָפְדֵּה֙ לֹ֣א נִפְדָּ֔תָה א֥וֹ חֻפְשָׁ֖ה לֹ֣א נִתַּן־ לָ֑הּ בִּקֹּ֧רֶת תִּהְיֶ֛ה יוּמְת֖וּ כִּי־ חֻפָּֽשָׁה

וְ֠אִישׁ  A  man 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, masculine singular
Root: אִישׁ 
Sense: man.
יִשְׁכַּ֨ב  he  lies 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁכַב  
Sense: to lie down.
אִשָּׁ֜ה  a  woman 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular
Root: אִשָּׁה  
Sense: woman, wife, female.
שִׁכְבַת־  lying 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular construct
Root: שִׁכְבָה  
Sense: act of lying, layer, coating.
זֶ֗רַע  sowing 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: זֶרַע  
Sense: seed, sowing, offspring.
וְהִ֤וא  and  she 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Pronoun, third person feminine singular
Root: הוּא 
Sense: he, she, it.
שִׁפְחָה֙  [is]  a  concubine 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular
Root: שִׁפְחָה  
Sense: maid, maid-servant, slavegirl.
נֶחֱרֶ֣פֶת  betrothed 
Parse: Verb, Nifal, Participle, feminine singular
Root: חָרַף 
Sense: to reproach, taunt, blaspheme, defy, jeopardise, rail, upbraid.
לְאִ֔ישׁ  to  a  man 
Parse: Preposition-l, Noun, masculine singular
Root: אִישׁ 
Sense: man.
וְהָפְדֵּה֙  and  at  all 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Hofal, Infinitive absolute
Root: פָּדָה  
Sense: to ransom, redeem, rescue, deliver.
נִפְדָּ֔תָה  who  has  been  redeemed 
Parse: Verb, Nifal, Perfect, third person feminine singular
Root: פָּדָה  
Sense: to ransom, redeem, rescue, deliver.
חֻפְשָׁ֖ה  freedom 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular
Root: חֻפְשָׁה  
Sense: freedom.
לֹ֣א  nor 
Parse: Adverb, Negative particle
Root: הֲלֹא 
Sense: not, no.
נִתַּן־  given 
Parse: Verb, Nifal, Perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: יָתַן 
Sense: to give, put, set.
לָ֑הּ  her 
Parse: Preposition, third person feminine singular
בִּקֹּ֧רֶת  scourging 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular
Root: בִּקֹּרֶת  
Sense: punishment (after judicial enquiry), compensation.
תִּהְיֶ֛ה  for  this  there  shall  be 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, third person feminine singular
Root: אֶהְיֶה 
Sense: to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out.
יוּמְת֖וּ  [but]  they  shall  be  put  to  death 
Parse: Verb, Hofal, Imperfect, third person masculine plural
Root: מוּת  
Sense: to die, kill, have one executed.
כִּי־  because 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: כִּי 
Sense: that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since.
חֻפָּֽשָׁה  she  was  free 
Parse: Verb, Pual, Perfect, third person feminine singular
Root: חָפַשׁ  
Sense: (Pual) to be free, be freed.

What are the major concepts related to Leviticus 19:20?

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