KJV: And the Lord said, Who then is that faithful and wise steward, whom his lord shall make ruler over his household, to give them their portion of meat in due season?
YLT: And the Lord said, 'Who, then, is the faithful and prudent steward whom the lord shall set over his household, to give in season the wheat measure?
Darby: And the Lord said, Who then is the faithful and prudent steward, whom his lord will set over his household, to give the measure of corn in season?
ASV: And the Lord said, Who then is the faithful and wise steward, whom his lord shall set over his household, to give them their portion of food in due season?
εἶπεν | said |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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Κύριος | Lord |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: κύριος Sense: he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has power of deciding; master, lord. |
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πιστὸς | faithful |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: πιστός Sense: trusty, faithful. |
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οἰκονόμος | manager |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: οἰκονόμος Sense: the manager of household or of household affairs. |
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ὁ | [and] the |
Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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φρόνιμος | wise |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: φρόνιμος Sense: intelligent, wise. |
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ὃν | whom |
Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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καταστήσει | will set |
Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: καθιστάνω Sense: to set, place, put. |
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κύριος | master |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: κύριος Sense: he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has power of deciding; master, lord. |
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ἐπὶ | over |
Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
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θεραπείας | care [of servants] |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: θεραπεία Sense: service rendered by one to another. |
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αὐτοῦ | of him |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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τοῦ | - |
Parse: Article, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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διδόναι | to give [them] |
Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Active Root: διδῶ Sense: to give. |
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καιρῷ | season |
Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: καιρός Sense: due measure. |
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σιτομέτριον | measure of food |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: σιτομέτριον Sense: a measured ‘portion of’ grain or ‘food’. |
Greek Commentary for Luke 12:42
Jesus introduces this parable of the wise steward (Luke 12:42) by a rhetorical question that answers itself. Peter is this wise steward, each of the Twelve is, anyone is who acts thus. [source]
The faithful steward, the wise one. A steward is house manager Each man is a steward in his own responsibilities.Household (τεραπευω therapeias). Literally, service from το σιτομετριον therapeuō medical service as in Luke 9:11, by metonymy household (a body of those domestics who serve).Their portion of food Late word from τον σιτον μετρεω sitometreō (Genesis 47:12) for the Attic ton siton metreō to measure the food, the rations. Here only in the N.T. or anywhere else till Deissmann (Bible Studies, p. 158) found it in an Egyptian papyrus and then an inscription in Lycia (Light from the Ancient East, p. 104). [source]
Literally, service from το σιτομετριον therapeuō medical service as in Luke 9:11, by metonymy household (a body of those domestics who serve). [source]
Late word from τον σιτον μετρεω sitometreō (Genesis 47:12) for the Attic ton siton metreō to measure the food, the rations. Here only in the N.T. or anywhere else till Deissmann (Bible Studies, p. 158) found it in an Egyptian papyrus and then an inscription in Lycia (Light from the Ancient East, p. 104). [source]
Lit., that faithful steward, the wise man. [source]
From its original meaning of waiting on, attendance (Luke 9:11), it comes to mean the retinue of attendants; the body of household servants. [source]
Lit.,measure of food. [source]
At the appointed time for distributing rations. See on Matthew 24:45. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 12:42
Jesus introduces this parable of the wise steward (Luke 12:42) by a rhetorical question that answers itself. Peter is this wise steward, each of the Twelve is, anyone is who acts thus. [source]
See Matthew 24:47 for επι epi with locative in this sense. Usually with genitive as in Luke 12:42 and sometimes with accusative as in Luke 12:14. [source]
This whole paragraph from verse 22-40 had been addressed directly to the disciples. Hence it is not surprising to find Peter putting in a question. This incident confirms also the impression that Luke is giving actual historical data in the environment of these discourses. He is certain that the Twelve are meant, but he desires to know if others are included, for he had spoken to the multitude in Luke 12:13-21. Recall Mark 13:37. This interruption is somewhat like that on the Mount of Transfiguration (Luke 9:33) and is characteristic of Peter. Was it the magnificent promise in Luke 12:37 that stirred Peter‘s impulsiveness? It is certainly more than a literary device of Luke. Peter‘s question draws out a parabolic reply by Jesus (Luke 12:42). [source]
Imperfect active, continued to have. Steward is house-manager or overseer of an estate as already seen in Luke 12:42.Was accused (διεβλητη dieblēthē). First aorist indicative passive, of διαβαλλω diaballō an old verb, but here only in the N.T. It means to throw across or back and forth, rocks or words and so to slander by gossip. The word implies malice even if the thing said is true. The word διαβολος diabolos (slanderer) is this same root and it is used even of women, she-devils (1 Timothy 3:11).That he was wasting For the verb, see note on Luke 15:13. The use of ως hōs with the participle is a fine Greek idiom for giving the alleged ground of a charge against one.His goods (τα υπαρχοντα αυτου ta huparchonta autou). “His belongings,” a Lukan idiom. [source]
From λαχαίνω todig. Herbs grown on land cultivated by digging: garden-herbs, vegetables. See on Mark 4:32; see on Luke 12:42. [source]
Perhaps the same Gaius of 1 Corinthians 1:14 (Acts 19:29; Acts 20:4), but whether the one of 3 John 1:1 we do not know. Χενος Xenos was a guest friend, and then either a stranger (Matthew 25:35) or a host of strangers as here. This Gaius was plainly a man of some means as he was the host of all the church. Erastus (2 Timothy 4:20) was “the treasurer of the city” (ο οικονομος της πολεως ho oikonomos tēs poleōs), one of the outstanding men of Corinth, the “steward” (house-manager) or city manager. See note on Luke 12:42 and note on Luke 16:1. He is probably the administrator of the city‘s property. [source]
Lit., I am entrusted with a stewardship. For a similar construction see Romans 3:2. Stewards belonged to the class of slaves. See Luke 12:42, Luke 12:43, and note οἰκονόμος stewardin Luke 12:42, and δοῦλος ἐκεῖνος thatbond-servant in Luke 12:43. Paul is not degrading the gospel ministry to a servile office. He is only using the word to illustrate a single point - the manner of his appointment. [source]
Better stewards. Lat. dispensatores. More special than guardians, signifying those who had charge of the heir's property. See on Luke href="/desk/?q=lu+16:1&sr=1">Luke 16:1. In later Greek it was used in two special senses: 1. The slave whose duty it was to distribute the rations to the other slaves: so Luke 12:42. 2. The land-steward: so Luke 16:1. Comp. Romans 16:23, ὁ οἰκονόμος τῆς πόλεως , commonly rendered city-treasurer: A.V. chamberlain. In Lucian, Alex. 39, the Roman procurators, or fiscal administrators, are called Καίσαρος οἰκονόμοι ; comp. 1Esdr. 4:49; Esther 8:9. The dispensator in the Roman household had charge of the accounts and made the payments (see Cicero, ad Att. xi. 1; Juv. Sat i. 91). He was commonly a slave. Christian teachers are called “stewards of the mysteries of God” and “of the grace of God” (1 Corinthians 4:1; 1 Peter 4:10), as those who have received the counsels of God and impart them to men. A bishop or overseer is also called “a steward of God” (Titus 1:7). [source]
Old word for manager of a household whether freeborn or slave. See note on Luke 12:42 and 1 Corinthians 4:2. Papyri show it as manager of an estate and also as treasurer like Romans 16:23. No example is known where this word is used of one in charge of a minor and no other where both occur together. Until the time appointed of the father (αχρι της προτεσμιας του πατρος achri tēs prothesmias tou patros). Supply ημερας hēmeras (day), for προτεσμιος prothesmios is an old adjective “appointed beforehand” (προ τεσμος proτιτημι thesmos from tithēmi). Under Roman law the tutor had charge of the child till he was fourteen when the curator took charge of him till he was twenty-five. Ramsay notes that in Graeco-Phrygia cities the same law existed except that the father in Syria appointed both tutor and curator whereas the Roman father appointed only the tutor. Burton argues plausibly that no such legal distinction is meant by Paul, but that the terms here designate two functions of one person. The point does not disturb Paul‘s illustration at all. [source]
“Now Moses indeed on his part” In Moses was in “God‘s house” “as a servant” Old word, in lxx, only here in N.T. and quoted from Numbers 12:7. Kin to the verb τεραπευω therapeuō to serve, to heal, and τεραπεια therapeia service (Luke 9:11) and a group of servants (Luke 12:42). For a testimony of those things which were afterward to be spoken Objective genitive of the articular future passive participle of λαλεω laleō It is not certain what it means whether the “testimony” In contrast with Moses As a son Instead of a τεραπων therapōn (servant). Over his house The difference between επι epi and εν en added to that between υιος huios and τεραπων therapōn It is very neat and quite conclusive, especially when we recall the high place occupied by Moses in Jewish thought. In Acts 7:11 the Jews accused Stephen of speaking “blasphemous words against Moses and God” (putting Moses on a par with God). [source]
The word occurs in the New Testament in two senses: trusty, faithful Matthew 24:45; Matthew 25:21, Matthew 25:23; Luke 12:42); and believing, confiding (John 20:27; Galatians 3:9; Acts 16:1). Of God, necessarily only in the former sense. [source]
For the phraseology see on 1 John 4:9. For witness, see on John 1:7; see on 1 Peter 5:1. As applied to the Messiah, see Psalm 89:37; Isaiah 55:4. The construction again departs from the grammatical rule. The words witness, first-born, ruler, are in the nominative case, instead of being in the genitive, in apposition with Jesus Christ. This construction, though irregular, nevertheless gives dignity and emphasis to these titles of the Lord. See on Revelation 1:4. The word πιστὸς , faithful is used (1), of one who shows Himself faithful in the discharge of a duty or the administration of a trust (Matthew 24:45; Luke 12:42). Hence, trustworthy (1 Corinthians 7:25; 2 Timothy 2:2). Of things that can be relied upon (1 Timothy 3:1; 2 Timothy 2:11). (2), Confiding; trusting; a believer (Galatians 3:9; Acts 16:1; 2 Corinthians 6:15; 1 Timothy 5:16). See on 1 John 1:9. The word is combined with ἀληθινός , true, genuine in Revelation 3:14; Revelation 19:11; Revelation 21:5; Revelation 22:6. Richard of St. Victor (cited by Trench) says: “A faithful witness, because He gave faithful testimony concerning all things which were to be testified to by Him in the world. A faithful witness, because whatever He heard from the Father, He faithfully made known to His disciples. A faithful witness, because He taught the way of God in truth, neither did He care for any one nor regard the person of men. A faithful witness, because He announced condemnation to the reprobate and salvation to the elect. A faithful witness, because He confirmed by miracles the truth which He taught in words. A faithful witness, because He denied not, even in death, the Father's testimony to Himself. A faithful witness, because He will give testimony in the day of judgment concerning the works of the good and of the evil.” [source]