KJV: Then said he also to him that bade him, When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy brethren, neither thy kinsmen, nor thy rich neighbours; lest they also bid thee again, and a recompence be made thee.
YLT: And he said also to him who did call him, 'When thou mayest make a dinner or a supper, be not calling thy friends, nor thy brethren, nor thy kindred, nor rich neighbours, lest they may also call thee again, and a recompense may come to thee;
Darby: And he said also to him that had invited him, When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy brethren, nor thy kinsfolk, nor rich neighbours, lest it may be they also should invite thee in return, and a recompense be made thee.
ASV: And he said to him also that had bidden him, When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy brethren, nor thy kinsmen, nor rich neighbors; lest haply they also bid thee again, and a recompense be made thee.
| Ἔλεγεν | He was saying |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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| καὶ | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| τῷ | to the [one] |
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Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| κεκληκότι | having invited |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Active, Dative Masculine Singular Root: καλέω Sense: to call. |
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| ποιῇς | you make |
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Parse: Verb, Present Subjunctive Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: ποιέω Sense: to make. |
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| ἄριστον | a dinner |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ἄριστον Sense: the first food taken early in the morning before work, breakfast. |
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| δεῖπνον | a supper |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: δεῖπνον Sense: supper, especially a formal meal usually held at the evening,. |
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| φώνει | call |
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Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: φωνέω Sense: to sound, emit a sound, to speak. |
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| τοὺς | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| φίλους | friends |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: φίλος Sense: friend, to be friendly to one, wish him well. |
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| σου | of you |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 2nd Person Singular Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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| μηδὲ | nor |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: μηδέ Sense: and not, but not, nor, not. |
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| ἀδελφούς | brothers |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ἀδελφός Sense: a brother, whether born of the same two parents or only of the same father or mother. |
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| συγγενεῖς | relatives |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: συγγενής Sense: of the same kin, akin to, related by blood. |
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| γείτονας | neighbors |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: γείτων Sense: a neighbour. |
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| πλουσίους | rich |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: πλούσιος Sense: wealthy, abounding in material resources. |
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| μή‿ | lest |
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Parse: Adverb Root: μή Sense: no, not lest. |
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| ποτε | ever |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: πότε Sense: when?, at what time?. |
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| ἀντικαλέσωσίν | should invite in return |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἀντικαλέω Sense: to invite in turn. |
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| γένηται | be made |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Middle, 3rd Person Singular Root: γίνομαι Sense: to become, i. |
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| ἀνταπόδομά | recompense |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ἀνταπόδομα Sense: the thing paid back, requital. |
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| σοι | to you |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 2nd Person Singular Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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Greek Commentary for Luke 14:12
More exactly, a breakfast or a dinner with distinction between them as already shown. This is a parable for the host as one had just been given for the guests, though Luke does not term this a parable. [source]
Μη Mē and the present imperative active, prohibiting the habit of inviting only friends. It is the exclusive invitation of such guests that Jesus condemns. There is a striking parallel to this in Plato‘s Phaedrus 233. Recompense (ανταποδομα antapodoma). In the form of a return invitation. Like αντι anti in “bid thee again” (αντικαλεσωσιν antikalesōsin). [source]
invitation of such guests that Jesus condemns. There is a striking parallel to this in Plato‘s Phaedrus 233. Recompense (ανταποδομα antapodoma). In the form of a return invitation. Like αντι anti in “bid thee again” (αντικαλεσωσιν antikalesōsin). [source]
In the form of a return invitation. Like αντι anti in “bid thee again” (αντικαλεσωσιν antikalesōsin). [source]
See on Matthew 22:4. Supper ( δειπνον ) is the principal meal at evening, and corresponding to the modern late dinner. [source]
A striking parallel occurs in Plato's “Phaedrus233. “And, in general, when you make a feast, invite not your friend, but the beggar and the empty soul, for they will love you, and attend you, and come about your doors, and will be the best pleased, and the most grateful, and will invoke blessings on your head.” [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 14:12
It is breakfast, not dinner. In Luke 14:12 both αριστον ariston (breakfast) and δειπνον deipnon (dinner) are used. This noon or midday meal, like the French breakfast at noon, was sometimes called δειπνον μεσημβρινον deipnon mesēmbrinon (midday dinner or luncheon). The regular dinner In John 21:12, John 21:15 αρισταω aristaō is used of the early morning meal, “Break your fast” When αριστον ariston was applied to luncheon, like the Latin prandium, ακρατισμα akratisma was the term for the early breakfast. [source]
Note οπως hopōs rather than the common ινα hina Aorist active subjunctive rather than present, for a single meal. The verb is from αριστον ariston (breakfast). See distinction between αριστον ariston and δειπνον deipnon (dinner or supper) in Luke 14:12. It is the morning meal (breakfast or lunch) after the return from morning prayers in the synagogue (Matthew 22:4), not the very early meal called ακρατισμα akratisma The verb is, however, used for the early meal on the seashore in John 21:12, John 21:15.With him (παρ αυτωι par' autōi). By his side.Sat down to meat Second aorist active indicative of αναπιπτω anapiptō old verb, to recline, to fall back on the sofa or lounge. No word here for “to meat.” [source]
Perfect active participle as in Luke 14:12 The future indicative with ινα hina does occur in the Koiné (papyri) and so in the N.T. (Robertson, Grammar, p. 984).Go up higher Second aorist active imperative second singular of προσαναβαινω prosanabainō an old double compound verb, but here only in the N.T. Probably, “Come up higher,” because the call comes from the host and because of προς pros f0). [source]
For what is on the table, “a feast.” A snare (εις παγιδα eis pagida). From πηγνυμι pēgnumi to make fast, old word for snares for birds and beasts. See Luke 21:35. Εις Eis in predicate with γινομαι ginomai is a translation-Hebraism. A trap Old word for hunting of wild beasts, then a trap. Only here in N.T. A stumbling-block (εις σκανδαλον eis skandalon). A third word for trap, snare, trap-stick or trigger over which they fall. See note on 1 Corinthians 1:23; Romans 9:33. A recompense Late word from double compound verb ανταποδιδωμι antapodidōmi to repay (both αντι anti and απο apo). Ancient Greeks used ανταποδοσις antapodosis In lxx and Didache. In N.T. only here (bad sense) and Luke 14:12 (good sense). [source]
Old word for hunting of wild beasts, then a trap. Only here in N.T. A stumbling-block (εις σκανδαλον eis skandalon). A third word for trap, snare, trap-stick or trigger over which they fall. See note on 1 Corinthians 1:23; Romans 9:33. A recompense Late word from double compound verb ανταποδιδωμι antapodidōmi to repay (both αντι anti and απο apo). Ancient Greeks used ανταποδοσις antapodosis In lxx and Didache. In N.T. only here (bad sense) and Luke 14:12 (good sense). [source]
Late word from double compound verb ανταποδιδωμι antapodidōmi to repay (both αντι anti and απο apo). Ancient Greeks used ανταποδοσις antapodosis In lxx and Didache. In N.T. only here (bad sense) and Luke 14:12 (good sense). [source]
“The full recompense,” old word, in lxx, but only here in N.T., but ανταποδομα antapodoma twice (Luke 14:12; Romans 11:9). Given back Ye serve the Lord Christ (το Κυριωι Χριστωι δουλευετε to Kuriōi Christōi douleuete). As his slaves and gladly so. Perhaps better as imperatives, keep on serving. [source]
See on Luke 14:12. For the image, compare Song of Solomon 5:2-6; Song of Solomon 4:16; Song of Solomon 2:3. Christ is the Bread of Life, and invites to the great feast. See Matthew 8:11; Matthew 25:1sqq. The consummation will be at the marriage-supper of the Lamb (Mark 14:25; Revelation 19:7-9). [source]