KJV: And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, filled with wisdom: and the grace of God was upon him.
YLT: and the child grew and was strengthened in spirit, being filled with wisdom, and the grace of God was upon him.
Darby: And the child grew and waxed strong in spirit, filled with wisdom, and God's grace was upon him.
ASV: And the child grew, and waxed strong, filled with wisdom: and the grace of God was upon him.
Τὸ | - |
Parse: Article, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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παιδίον | the Child |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: παιδίον Sense: a young child, a little boy, a little girl. |
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ηὔξανεν | continued to grow |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐξάνω Sense: to cause to grow, augment. |
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ἐκραταιοῦτο | become strong |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: κραταιόω Sense: to strengthen, make strong. |
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πληρούμενον | being filled |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: πληρόω Sense: to make full, to fill up, i.e. to fill to the full. |
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σοφίᾳ | with wisdom |
Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: σοφία Sense: wisdom, broad and full of intelligence; used of the knowledge of very diverse matters. |
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χάρις | [the] grace |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: χάρις Sense: grace. |
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Θεοῦ | of God |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: θεός Sense: a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinities. |
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ἐπ’ | upon |
Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
Greek Commentary for Luke 2:40
Imperfect indicative of a very ancient verb This child grew and waxed strong Both verbs Luke used in Luke 1:80 of the growth of John the Baptist as a child. Then he used also πνευματι pneumati in spirit. Here in addition to the bodily development Luke has “filled with wisdom” Present passive participle, showing that the process of filling with wisdom kept pace with the bodily growth. If it were only always true with others! We need not be troubled over this growth in wisdom on the part of Jesus any more than over his bodily growth. “The intellectual, moral, and spiritual growth of the Child, like the physical, was real. His was a perfect humanity developing perfectly, unimpeded by hereditary or acquired defects. It was the first instance of such a growth in history. For the first time a human infant was realizing the ideal of humanity” (Plummer). [source]
In full measure. [source]
The Jews marked the stages of a child's development by nine different terms: the new-born babe (Isaiah 9:6); the suckling (Isaiah 11:8); the suckling beginning to ask for food (Lamentations 4:4); the weaned child (Isaiah 28:9); the child clinging to its mother (Jeremiah 44:7); the child becoming firm and strong (Isaiah 7:14, of the virgin-mother); the youth, literally, he that shakes himself free; the ripened one, or warrior (Isaiah 31:8). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 2:40
From the same root as χαίρω ,to rejoice. I. Primarily that which gives joy or pleasure; and hence outward beauty, loveliness, something which delights the beholder. Thus Homer, of Ulysses going to the assembly: “Athene shed down manly grace or beauty upon him” (“Odyssey,” ii., 12); and Septuagint, Proverbs 1:9; Proverbs 3:22. Substantially the same idea, agreeableness, is conveyed in Luke 4:22, respecting the gracious words, lit., words of grace, uttered by Christ. So Ephesians 4:29. II. As a beautiful or agreeable sentiment felt and expressed toward another; kindness, favor, good-will. 2 Corinthians 8:6, 2 Corinthians 8:7, 2 Corinthians 8:9; 2 Corinthians 9:8; Luke 1:30; Luke 2:40; Acts 2:47. So of the responsive sentiment of thankfulness. See Luke 6:32, Luke 6:33, Luke 6:34:; Luke 17:9; but mostly in the formula thanks to God; Romans 6:17; 1 Corinthians 15:57; 2 Corinthians 2:14; 2 Timothy 1:3. III. The substantial expression of good-will; a boon, a favor, a gift; but not in New Testament. See Romans 5:15, where the distinction is made between χάρις , grace, and δωρεὰ ἐν χάριτι , a gift in grace. So a gratification or delight, in classical Greek only; as the delight in battle, in sleep, etc. IV. The higher Christian signification, based on the emphasis offreeness in the gift or favor, and, as commonly in New Testament, denoting the free, spontaneous, absolute loving-kindness of God toward men, and so contrasted with debt, law, works, sin. The word does not occur either in Matthew or Mark. [source]
Not the usual εν en for “was,” but there arose or came into notice. With this verse the literary Koiné of Luke 1:1 to Luke 1:4 disappears. To the end of chapter 2 we have the most Hebraistic (Aramaic) passage in Luke‘s writings, due evidently to the use of documents or notes of oral tradition. Plummer notes a series of such documents ending with Luke 1:80, Luke 2:40, Luke 2:52. If the mother of Jesus was still alive, Luke could have seen her. She may have written in Aramaic an account of these great events. Natural reserve would keep her from telling too much and from too early publicity. Luke, as a physician, would take special interest in her birth report. The supernatural aspects disturb only those who do not admit the real Incarnation of Jesus Christ and who are unable to believe that God is superior to nature and that the coming of the Son of God to earth justifies such miraculous manifestations of divine power. Luke tells his story from the standpoint of Mary as Matthew gives his from the standpoint of Joseph. The two supplement each other. We have here the earliest documentary evidence of the origins of Christianity that has come down to us (Plummer). [source]
The articular infinitive with εν en a construction that Luke often uses (Luke 1:21; Luke 2:27).The boy, Jesus (Ιησους ο παις Iēsous ho pais). More exactly, “Jesus the boy.” In Luke 2:40 it was “the child “ (το παιδιον to paidion), here it is “the boy” (ο παις ho pais no longer the diminutive form). It was not disobedience on the part of “the boy” that made him remain behind, but intense interest in the services of the temple; “involuntary preoccupation” (Bruce) held him fast. [source]
More exactly, “Jesus the boy.” In Luke 2:40 it was “the child “ It was not disobedience on the part of “the boy” that made him remain behind, but intense interest in the services of the temple; “involuntary preoccupation” (Bruce) held him fast. [source]
Concessive participle with καιπερ kaiper regular Greek idiom as in Hebrews 7:5; Hebrews 12:17. Yet learned obedience Second aorist active indicative of μαντανω manthanō Succinct and crisp statement of the humanity of Jesus in full harmony with Luke 2:40, Luke 2:52 and with Hebrews 2:10. By the things which he suffered There is a play on the two verbs (εματενεπατεν emathen -πασχω epathen), paronomasia. Second aorist active indicative of paschō He always did his Father‘s will (John 8:29), but he grew in experience as in wisdom and stature and in the power of sympathy with us. [source]