KJV: And he arose out of the synagogue, and entered into Simon's house. And Simon's wife's mother was taken with a great fever; and they besought him for her.
YLT: And having risen out of the synagogue, he entered into the house of Simon, and the mother-in-law of Simon was pressed with a great fever, and they did ask him about her,
Darby: And rising up out of the synagogue, he entered into the house of Simon. But Simon's mother-in-law was suffering under a bad fever; and they asked him for her.
ASV: And he rose up from the synagogue, and entered into the house of Simon. And Simon's wife's mother was holden with a great fever; and they besought him for her.
| Ἀναστὰς | Having risen up |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἀναπηδάω Sense: to cause to rise up, raise up. |
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| ἀπὸ | out of |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἀπό Sense: of separation. |
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| συναγωγῆς | synagogue |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: συναγωγή Sense: a bringing together, gathering (as of fruits), a contracting. |
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| εἰσῆλθεν | He entered |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰσέρχομαι Sense: to go out or come in: to enter. |
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| εἰς | into |
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Parse: Preposition Root: εἰς Sense: into, unto, to, towards, for, among. |
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| οἰκίαν | house |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: οἰκία Sense: a house. |
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| Σίμωνος | of Simon |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Σίμων Sense: Peter was one of the apostles. |
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| πενθερὰ | [The] mother-in-law |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: πενθερά Sense: mother-in-law, a wife’s mother. |
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| τοῦ | - |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| συνεχομένη | oppressed with |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: συνέχω Sense: to hold together. |
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| πυρετῷ | a fever |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: πυρετός Sense: fiery heat. |
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| μεγάλῳ | great |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Masculine Singular Root: μέγας Sense: great. |
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| ἠρώτησαν | they appealed |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἐρωτάω Sense: to question. |
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| αὐτὸν | to Him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| αὐτῆς | her |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Feminine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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Greek Commentary for Luke 4:38
Second aorist active participle of ανιστημι anistēmi a common verb. B. Weiss adds here “from the teacher‘s seat.” Either from his seat or merely leaving the synagogue. This incident of the healing of Peter‘s mother-in-law is given in Mark 1:29-34 and Matthew 8:14-17, which see note in Mark and see note in Matthew for details. [source]
“Peter‘s house” (Matthew 8:14). “The house of Simon and Andrew” (Mark 1:29). Paul‘s reference to Peter‘s wife (1 Corinthians 9:5) is pertinent. They lived together in Capernaum. This house came also to be the Capernaum home of Jesus.Simon‘s wife‘s mother (πεντερα του Σιμωνος penthera tou Simōnos). The word πεντερα penthera for mother-in-law is old and well established in usage. Besides the parallel passages (Mark 1:30; Matthew 8:14; Luke 4:38) it occurs in the N.T. only in Luke 12:53. The corresponding word πεντερος pentheros father-in-law, occurs in John 18:13 alone in the N.T.Was holden with a great fever Periphrastic imperfect passive, the analytical tense accenting the continuous fever, perhaps chronic and certainly severe. Luke employs this verb nine times and only three others in the N.T. (Matthew 4:24 passive with diseases here; 2 Corinthians 5:14 active; Philemon 1:23 passive). In Acts 28:8 the passive “with dysentery” is like the construction here and is a common one in Greek medical writers as in Greek literature generally. Luke uses the passive with “fear,” Luke 8:37, the active for holding the hands over the ears (Acts 7:57) and for pressing one or holding together (Luke 8:45; Luke 19:43; Luke 22:63), the direct middle for holding oneself to preaching (Acts 18:5). It is followed here by the instrumental case. Hobart (Medical Language of Luke, p. 3) quotes Galen as dividing fevers into “great” (μεγαλοι megaloi) and “small” (σμικροι smikroi). [source]
The word πεντερα penthera for mother-in-law is old and well established in usage. Besides the parallel passages (Mark 1:30; Matthew 8:14; Luke 4:38) it occurs in the N.T. only in Luke 12:53. The corresponding word πεντερος pentheros father-in-law, occurs in John 18:13 alone in the N.T. [source]
Periphrastic imperfect passive, the analytical tense accenting the continuous fever, perhaps chronic and certainly severe. Luke employs this verb nine times and only three others in the N.T. (Matthew 4:24 passive with diseases here; 2 Corinthians 5:14 active; Philemon 1:23 passive). In Acts 28:8 the passive “with dysentery” is like the construction here and is a common one in Greek medical writers as in Greek literature generally. Luke uses the passive with “fear,” Luke 8:37, the active for holding the hands over the ears (Acts 7:57) and for pressing one or holding together (Luke 8:45; Luke 19:43; Luke 22:63), the direct middle for holding oneself to preaching (Acts 18:5). It is followed here by the instrumental case. Hobart (Medical Language of Luke, p. 3) quotes Galen as dividing fevers into “great” (μεγαλοι megaloi) and “small” (σμικροι smikroi). [source]
Rev., holden. So Wyc. See on Matthew 4:24. The word is used nine times by Luke, and only three times elsewhere. Paul uses it of the constraining of Christ's love (2 Corinthians 5:14), and of being in a strait (Philemon 1:23). In Acts 28:8, it is joined with fever, as here, and is a common medical term in the same sense. [source]
Another mark of the physician. The epithet great is peculiar to Luke. The ancient physicians distinguished fevers into great and small. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 4:38
On the former word, see Luke 8:37, and Luke 4:38. Rev. renders the latter, which occurs here only, more literally, crush. It means to squeeze out, as wine from grapes. See on tribulation, Matthew 13:21. [source]
See on Luke 4:38. The same word as of the fever. [source]
See on Luke 4:38. [source]
See on Luke 4:38, and compare 2 Corinthians 5:14; Philemon 1:23. Wyc., constrained. [source]
Future active indicative. Another common compound to make a circle Shall hold thee together on every side (pantothen). See about sunechō on Luke 4:38. [source]
Shall hold thee together on every side See about sunechō on Luke 4:38. [source]
The word πεντερα penthera for mother-in-law is old and well established in usage. Besides the parallel passages (Mark 1:30; Matthew 8:14; Luke 4:38) it occurs in the N.T. only in Luke 12:53. The corresponding word πεντερος pentheros father-in-law, occurs in John 18:13 alone in the N.T. [source]
Only in Luke. Jesus bade the fever leave her as he spoke to the wind and the waves and Luke uses this same verb (Luke 8:24).Rose up and ministered (αναστασα διηκονει anastāsa diēkonei). Second aorist active participle as in Luke 4:38, but inchoative imperfect tense διηκονει diēkonei from διακονεω diakoneō (note augment of compound verb). She rose up immediately, though a long high fever usually leaves one very weak. The cure was instantaneous and complete. She began to minister at once and kept it up. [source]
Second aorist active participle as in Luke 4:38, but inchoative imperfect tense διηκονει diēkonei from διακονεω diakoneō (note augment of compound verb). She rose up immediately, though a long high fever usually leaves one very weak. The cure was instantaneous and complete. She began to minister at once and kept it up. [source]
“Peter‘s house” (Matthew 8:14). “The house of Simon and Andrew” (Mark 1:29). Paul‘s reference to Peter‘s wife (1 Corinthians 9:5) is pertinent. They lived together in Capernaum. This house came also to be the Capernaum home of Jesus.Simon‘s wife‘s mother (πεντερα του Σιμωνος penthera tou Simōnos). The word πεντερα penthera for mother-in-law is old and well established in usage. Besides the parallel passages (Mark 1:30; Matthew 8:14; Luke 4:38) it occurs in the N.T. only in Luke 12:53. The corresponding word πεντερος pentheros father-in-law, occurs in John 18:13 alone in the N.T.Was holden with a great fever Periphrastic imperfect passive, the analytical tense accenting the continuous fever, perhaps chronic and certainly severe. Luke employs this verb nine times and only three others in the N.T. (Matthew 4:24 passive with diseases here; 2 Corinthians 5:14 active; Philemon 1:23 passive). In Acts 28:8 the passive “with dysentery” is like the construction here and is a common one in Greek medical writers as in Greek literature generally. Luke uses the passive with “fear,” Luke 8:37, the active for holding the hands over the ears (Acts 7:57) and for pressing one or holding together (Luke 8:45; Luke 19:43; Luke 22:63), the direct middle for holding oneself to preaching (Acts 18:5). It is followed here by the instrumental case. Hobart (Medical Language of Luke, p. 3) quotes Galen as dividing fevers into “great” (μεγαλοι megaloi) and “small” (σμικροι smikroi). [source]
Or, as Rev., in margin, ask - question. To question is the primary meaning of the verb, from which it runs into the more general sense of request, beseech. So Mark 7:26; Luke 4:38; John 17:15, etc. Here the meaning is, ye shall ask me no question (compare John 16:19, where the same verb is used). Compare Matthew 16:13; Matthew 21:24; John 1:19. Ask, absolutely, Luke 22:68. Note, moreover, the selection of the word here as marking the asking on familiar terms. See on John 11:22. Another verb for ask occurs in the following sentence: “If ye shall ask ( αἰτήστητε ) anything,” etc. Here the sense is, if ye shall make any request. Compare Matthew 5:42; Matthew 7:7, Matthew 7:9, Matthew 7:10, etc. Note, also, that this word for asking the Father marks the asking of an inferior from a superior, and is the word which Christ never uses of His own requests to the Father. Compare 1 John 3:22. [source]
Lit., taken or holden. See on taken, Luke 4:38. [source]
Instead of spirit the best texts read λόγῳ , by the word. On pressed or constrained, see note on taken, Luke 4:38. The meaning is, Paul was engrossed by the word. He was relieved of anxiety by the arrival of his friends, and stimulated to greater activity in the work of preaching the word. [source]
“Held together.” Common verb again for the sick as in Luke 4:38. Of fever (πυρετοις puretois). Instrumental case, and plural “fevers,” medical term for intermittent attacks of fever (Demosthenes, Lucian, medical writers). Dysentery Instrumental case also. Late form of the older ndusenterian and only here in N.T. Our very word dysentery. Another medical term of which Luke uses so many. Hippocrates often mentions these two diseases together. Laying his hands on him healed him (δυσεντερια epitheis tas cheiras autōi iasato auton). Either like the laying on of hands in James 5:14, the gift of healing (1 Corinthians 12:9.), or the tender interest of Jesus when he took hold of the hand of Peter‘s mother-in-law (Mark 1:31). Ramsay argues that επιτεις τας χειρας αυτωι ιασατο αυτον iaomai is employed here of the miraculous healing by Paul while ιαομαι therapeuō is used of the cures by Luke the physician (Acts 28:9). This is a general distinction and it is probably observed here, but in Luke 6:18 (which see) both verbs are employed of the healings by Jesus. Came and were healed Imperfect middle and imperfect passive. A regular stream of patients came during these months. Luke had his share in the honours, “us” Instrumental case. The word was often applied to payment for professional services as we today speak of an honorarium. They put on board Second aorist middle indicative of επετεντο epitithēmi to put on. The idea of “on board” is merely suggested by επιτιτημι anagomenois (when we sailed) “the things for our needs” (αναγομενοις ta pros tas chreias). [source]
See on taken, Luke 4:38; see on Acts 18:5. It is the word rendered I am in a strait, Philemon 1:23. Compare Luke 12:50. The idea is not urging or driving, but shutting up to one line and purpose, as in a narrow, walled road. [source]
Only here and Luke 21:25. Lit., a holding together, constraining, or compressing. See on taken, Luke 4:38. So anguish, from the Latin, angere to choke: anger, which, in earlier English, means affiction, mental torture: anxious: the Latin anguis a snake, marking the serpent by his throttling. In Sanscrit, anhas, from the same root, was the name for sin, the throttler. It reappears obscurely in our medical term quinsy, which was originally quinancy, Greek κυνάγκη dog-throttlingmed., cynanche f0. [source]